Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zein K. Heiba, Lutfi Arda, Nurcan Dogan, Ozgul Karatas, Mohamed Bakr Mohamed
Summary: The sol-gel technique was used to synthesize Er2-xCoxO3 mixed oxides with varying Co concentrations. Rietveld analyses showed single phase nanoparticles up to x = 0.1, with Co3O4 phase appearing for x >= 0.2. The magnetic analysis revealed super-paramagnetism as the reason for S-shaped hysteresis loops and non-zero magnetic moments, with both Mr and Ms increasing with higher Co+2 concentrations.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
R. Utsumi, M. Morimoto, H. Saitoh, T. Watanuki, T. Sato, S. Takagi, S. Orimo
Summary: The researchers synthesized metal hydrides comprising only metals with low hydrogenation affinity which cannot form metal hydrides below 1 GPa. By clarifying the hydrogenation reaction processes of FexMo1-x alloys, they were able to classify the reaction process into three types and synthesize two novel hydrides, one of which has metal elements at the vertices of hexagonal close-packed lattices.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elena Possenti, Chiara Colombo, Marco Realini, Cai Li Song, Sergei G. Kazarian
Summary: This study utilized novel applications of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and macro ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging to analyze the time-resolved, chemical, and spatial aspects of inorganic treatments for stone conservation occurring in water-based solutions. The research showed that different treatments led to the formation of new crystalline phases, with subsequent post-treatment rinsing affecting the final composition of reaction phases. This study demonstrates the feasibility and potential of using advanced ATR-FTIR spectroscopic approaches to investigate conservation treatments and offers new analytical tools for conservation decision-making in pilot worksites.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Longfei Liu, Chunchang Shi, Chenyu Zhang, Ranran Su, Hongliang Zhang, Paul M. Voyles, John H. Perepezko
Summary: The isothermal and cyclic oxidation behavior of Mo-6Si-12B-(1, 2, 4, 8)Al samples was investigated. It was found that with increasing Al content, the isothermal oxidation resistance is enhanced and the pesting behavior is suppressed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhen Chen, Yi Jiang, Yu-Tsun Shao, Megan E. Holtz, Michal Odstrcil, Manuel Guizar-Sicairos, Isabelle Hanke, Steffen Ganschow, Darrell G. Schlom, David A. Muller
Summary: Transmission electron microscopes use electrons with wavelengths of a few picometers to potentially image individual atoms in solids, but their image resolution is often reduced by lens aberrations and electron scattering. By using electron ptychography to solve these issues, researchers have achieved higher image resolution and precision in locating embedded atoms.
Article
Polymer Science
Gianpiero Gallo, Ana Mihanovic, Igor Roncevic, Robert Dinnebier, Hrvoj Vancik
Summary: The crystal and molecular structure of poly(1,4-phenyleneazine-N,N-dioxide) obtained from 1,4-dinitrosobenzene polymerization was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and DFT calculations. The electronic structure analysis revealed that the polymer possesses wide-bandgap semiconductor properties with a high thermal stability. Photolysis of the polymer at cryogenic temperatures yields monomers which can re-polymerize at higher temperatures, demonstrating a reversible photo-thermal cycle.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Megan J. Cordill, Tanja Joerg, Daniel M. Toebbens, Christian Mitterer
Summary: The fracture toughness of Mo in Cu/Mo bilayers on polyimide is influenced by the thickness of the Cu layer, and the presence of a Mo interlayer decreases the fracture resistance of the Cu layers.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Kyohei Mukai, Shingo Hujita, Shinji Takayama
Summary: This study experimentally measured the change of internal stress in each layer of AZO/Cu/Mo multilayer thin films with temperature for the first time using GI-XRD. The results showed that the stress mode of each material remained consistent and the internal stress in each layer tended to decrease to accommodate thermal mismatch.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Crystallography
Vladimir V. Chernyshev
Summary: X-ray powder diffraction is a crucial tool in pharmaceutical science, particularly for determining the crystal structure of new pharmaceutical substances. This article discusses the reliability of structural parameters obtained from powder patterns and presents recent examples of successfully determining crystal structures of pharmaceutical cocrystals and salts using powder diffraction data. These examples demonstrate the enhanced capabilities of laboratory X-ray powder diffractometers and modern software in addressing real-life challenges in pharmaceutical science.
Letter
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pawel E. Tomaszewski
Summary: The comments point out errors in the lattice parameters and chemical composition of the BiHoZnCeO6 perovskite published in the commented paper. The most probable composition of the studied sample is CeO2:Bi,Ho,Zn.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Oleksiy V. Penkov, Igor A. Kopylets, Valeriy V. Kondratenko, Mahdi Khadem
Summary: The synthesis and structural analysis of Mo/B periodical multilayer X-ray mirrors (PMMs) for beyond extreme ultraviolet (BEUV) optics were performed. The formation of 0.35 nm-thick interlayers at the Mo/B interfaces and a low interface roughness of 0.3-0.4 nm were observed.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuo Feng, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Yucheng Fu, Zhuo Li, Yulong Wang, Jie Bao, Zhijie Xu, Guosheng Li, Cassidy Anderson, Lili Shi, Yuehe Lin, Peter G. Khalifah, Wei Wang, Jun Liu, Jie Xiao, Dongping Lu
Summary: In this study, a simple strategy was demonstrated for constructing low-tortuosity through-pores in both vertical and planar directions of electrodes by casting large particles into single-particle-layer electrodes. Through multi-scale characterizations and simulations, correlations between material/electrode structures, electrolyte permeability, polysulfide migration, and sulfur reactions were elucidated. The high-loading and dense sulfur cathode fabricated by this method delivers a high specific capacity at a very low electrolyte/sulfur ratio.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nathanael Wagner Sales Morais, Claudio Geraldo Schon
Summary: Molybdenum and zirconium are alloying elements for uranium used in the production of metallic nuclear fuels. The presence of different variants of Mo2Zr compound in ternary alloys confirms the influence of crystallographic arguments on the stabilization of Laves phases.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Juergen Schoiber, Daniela Soellinger, Volodymyr Baran, Thomas Diemant, Guenther J. Redhammer, R. Jurgen Behm, Simone Pokrant
Summary: This study mainly focused on the crystallographic parameters of the V3O7·H2O structure, and also investigated the structure and oxidation state after substituting vanadium ions with molybdenum ions.
ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yulia A. Nikiforova, Anna G. Ivanova, Kirill Frolov, Igor S. Lyubutin, Dmitriy A. Chareev, Arseniy O. Baskakov, Sergey S. Starchikov, Ivan A. Troyan, Mariana Lyubutina, Pavel G. Naumov, Mahmoud Abdel-Hafiez
Summary: The FeSe0.89S0.11 superconductor undergoes a structural phase transition from tetragonal to orthorhombic under high pressure, with a hysteresis effect observed during decompression.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Jose da Silva Andrade Neto, Angeles G. De la Torre, Ana Paula Kirchheim
Summary: Sulfates have a critical impact on cement hydration and properties, with the optimum sulfate content being vital for producing high-quality concrete. Further research is needed on the characteristics of clinker and calcium sulfate, the use of different supplementary cementitious materials and chemical admixtures, and the curing conditions affecting the sulfate demand of Portland cement.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ana Cuesta, Angeles G. De la Torre, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: The study investigates carbonation reactions in cement binders, demonstrating that different conditions lead to the formation of various crystalline and amorphous products. The characterization of these components poses challenges.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shiva Shirani, Ana Cuesta, Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Angeles G. De la Torre, Margie P. Olbinado, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: The hydration characteristics of belite cements (BCs) at different curing temperatures were studied and compared with Portland cements (PCs). It was found that BCs exhibit improved mechanical performance at mild curing temperatures due to a higher degree of reaction and lower porosity coarsening. Various techniques were used to thoroughly understand the behavior of BCs in comparison to PCs.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Ana Cuesta, Isabel Santacruz, Miguel A. G. Aranda, Angeles G. De la Torre
Summary: This study employed a new method to analyze the crystallization behavior and dissolution rate of cement, providing a deeper understanding of the setting mechanism of Portland cement.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Ana Cuesta, Angeles G. De la Torre, Oliver Mazanec, Pere Borralleras, Kai S. Weldert, Daniela Gastaldi, Fulvio Canonico, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: This study investigates the effects of C-S-H gel seeding on different types of cement, finding that the hydration of alite and belite cements is not significantly accelerated by seeding, while the hydration of tetracalcium alumino-ferrate and tricalcium aluminate is significantly enhanced. Additionally, the admixtures yield larger amounts of amorphous components in the pastes at later hydration ages.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Ana Cuesta, Angeles G. De la Torre, Isabel Santacruz, Oliver Mazanec, Pere Borralleras, Kai Steffen Weldert, Daniela Gastaldi, Fulvio Canonico, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: This study investigates the effects of C-S-H seeding on the hydration process of commercial Portland cement and industrial-trial belite cement. The results show that C-S-H seeding does not significantly accelerate the hydration of alite and belite phases, but enhances the dissolution of sulphate and aluminate phases, leading to improved mechanical properties at early ages. Additionally, a synergistic effect between C-S-H seeding and alkanolamine addition is observed.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Brian Li, Mercedes Gabas, Efrain Ochoa-Martinez, Victor Gonzalez de la Cruz, Mari Cruz Lopez-Escalante, Laura Leon-Reina, Rafael Pena, Pilar Garcia-Diaz, Ivan Garcia, Carlos Algora
Summary: This study investigates the optical and physical properties of common dielectric materials used in solar cells as anti-reflective coatings, such as MgF2, ZnS, Ta2O5, Al2O3 and TiO2, and their relationship with deposition parameters and thicknesses. The results show that the optical properties of these materials are influenced by layer thickness, and different materials exhibit different contamination issues.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Isabel M. R. Bernal, Miguel A. G. Aranda, Isabel Santacruz, Angeles G. De la Torre, Ana Cuesta
Summary: Limestone Calcined Clay Cements (LC3) is a material that can achieve up to 40% CO2 emissions savings and has competitive mechanical performances after one week. However, the initial reactivity of LC3 needs improvement. In this study, a multitechnique approach was used to understand the early age reactivities of LC3, and it was found that the Al-O interatomic correlation position and intensity in the synchrotron pair distribution function (sPDF) could be a good descriptor for early age reactivity. The results were complemented by Al-27 MAS-NMR studies, which showed that the rate of pozzolanic reaction at early ages is influenced by the particle size, surface area, and local disorder of metakaolin.
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cinthya Redondo-Soto, Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Ana Cuesta, Isabel Santacruz, Daniela Gastaldi, Fulvio Canonico, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: LC3 is a type of concrete material that can reduce the CO2 footprint by 40%. It has high content of belite and exhibits excellent durability performance.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cinthya Redondo-Soto, Daniela Gastaldi, Sara Irico, Fulvio Canonico, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: Belite cements (BCs) have advantages in terms of durability, low heat development, and the use of less demanding raw materials. The reactivity of calcium silicate phases, particularly belite, is influenced by the amount of calcium aluminates. Increasing the calcium aluminate content decreases the hydration degree of belite. The findings can contribute to the further optimization of early age reactivity of BCs, taking into account both hydration rates and mechanical properties.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Raquel Perez-Bravo, Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Ana Cuesta, Miguel A. G. Aranda, Isabel Santacruz, Angeles G. de la Torre
Summary: The effect of TIPA and CaCl2 on early hydration of B-BYF cement was investigated. TIPA reduced paste viscosity during the initial minutes but promoted the formation of AFt after the induction period, resulting in a 169% increase in 1-day mechanical strengths. CaCl2 accelerated the dissolution rate of ye'elimite, leading to the early precipitation of ettringite and a 181% improvement in 1-day mechanical strengths. The reactivity of ferrite and alpha'H-belite was not affected by either admixture during the first 24 hours of hydration.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shiva Shirani, Ana Cuesta, Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Isabel Santacruz, Ana Diaz, Pavel Trtik, Mirko Holler, Alexander Rack, Bratislav Lukic, Emmanuel Brun, Ines R. Salcedo, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: Despite decades of research, our understanding of cement dissolution and precipitation processes at early stages is still limited due to the lack of suitable imaging methods. In this study, near-field ptychographic nanotomography was used to visualize the hydration of commercial Portland cement in a thick capillary. The results show the formation of a porous C-S-H gel shell with a thickness of 500 nm after 19 hours, covering all the alite grains with a water gap. The dissolution rate of smaller alite grains was found to be approximately four times faster than that of larger grains in the deceleration stage. The study also mapped out the development of etch pits and measured particle size distributions over time. This work lays the foundation for mechanistic studies of dissolution-precipitation processes in cement using advanced nanoimaging techniques.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Ana Cuesta, Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Angeles G. G. De la Torre, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: Reducing the CO2 emissions from cement production is important, and this can be achieved by using supplementary cementitious materials instead of Portland clinker. However, this can lead to lower early-age mechanical strengths due to slow pozzolanic reactions. To address this issue, accelerator admixtures can be used. Calcium silicate hydrate nucleation seeding shows promise in accelerating cement reactions without compromising late strength and durability performances. Other benefits include low temperature concreting, precasting, and shotconcrete.