Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Masato Furuhashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Masayuki Koyama, Marenao Tanaka, Takayo Murase, Takashi Nakamura, Seigo Akari, Akiko Sakai, Kazuma Mori, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Tetsuji Miura
Summary: The study found that plasma XOR activity is independently associated with hypertension in nondiabetic individuals who are not taking any medications. The activity is positively correlated with mean arterial pressure and significantly higher in the hypertension group compared to the non-hypertension group.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jackson P. Sterling, Vincent C. Lombardi
Summary: Major burn trauma triggers inflammatory events that cause significant stress on the body, leading to detrimental responses. However, research suggests that antioxidants may help reduce the risk of complications.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jyothi Dhuguru, Ryan W. W. Dellinger, Marie E. E. Migaud
Summary: Dietary vitamin B3 components have been found to increase NAD(+) levels, which decline with age and disease. Supplementation with NAD(+) biosynthetic intermediates, such as NR and NMN, can effectively raise NAD(+) levels. In addition, inhibiting NAD(+)-consuming enzymes or activating biosynthetic pathways is also a viable approach to increase NAD(+) and NADH. However, the pharmacological significance of NAD(H) catabolites is often overlooked, despite some of these metabolites serving as biomarkers in physiological disorders.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuchen Tian, Lianzhu Lin, Mouming Zhao
Summary: This study prepared lotus leaf extracts by multiple methods, identified alkaloids and flavonoids as contributors to their activities, established quality control standards for dual-function lotus leaf extracts, and determined the optimal approach for preparing food-grade lotus leaf extracts. Network pharmacology analysis revealed the potential of these extracts in improving hyperuricemia through various actions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danilo Braga Ribeiro, Gabriela Santos Silva, Djanira Rubim dos Santos, Andressa Rose Castro Costa, Eliane Braga Ribeiro, Mihaela Badea, Gilvanda Silva Nunes
Summary: Antioxidants play a crucial role in preventing oxidative damage that leads to various serious diseases. The study used an amperometric biosensor to evaluate the antioxidant activity of teas and effervescent products, with Prussian blue identified as the most efficient mediator. After optimizing construction and operational parameters, the biosensor demonstrated stability for 7 months with a detection limit set at 4.93 µmol·L-1, making it useful for detecting fraud in antioxidant products and drugs.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Brittany Butts, Jamelle A. Brown, Thomas S. Denney, Scott Ballinger, Steven G. Lloyd, Suzanne Oparil, Paul Sanders, Tony R. Merriman, Angelo Gaffo, Jasvinder Singh, Eric E. Kelley, David A. Calhoun, Louis J. Dell'Italia
Summary: Racial differences in XO activity and mtDNA DAMPs were observed in Black and White adults with resistant hypertension. Black resistant hypertension patients had higher XO activity, worse diastolic dysfunction, and greater mtDNA DAMPs than White patients. Urinary sodium excretion was correlated with left ventricular function in Black patients. These findings highlight the importance of further investigating the role of XO and mtDNA DAMPs in cardiac remodeling and heart failure in Black adults with resistant hypertension.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jingyu Wang, Elif Erdem, John M. Woodley
Summary: Biocatalytic oxidation holds promise for the selective synthesis of active pharmaceutical intermediates. Bubbling air or oxygen is an effective method to enhance oxygen transfer, but it leads to enzyme deactivation. This study investigates the stability of NAD-(P)H oxidase (NOX) at different gas-liquid interfaces and provides insights for improving biocatalyst performance.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oumaima Boutoub, Soukaina El-Guendouz, Leticia M. Estevinho, Vanessa B. Paula, Smail Aazza, Lahsen El Ghadraoui, Brigida Rodrigues, Sara Raposo, Jorge Carlier, Maria C. Costa, Maria G. Miguel
Summary: Natural products, including Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia officinarum extracts and honeys, were found to have antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibitory activities. Higher metal content in E. officinarum honey may suggest environmental pollution. Extraction parameters influenced the phytochemical content and bioactivities of the extracts, with aqueous extracts generally showing higher in vitro activities compared to honey samples.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhipeng Zheng, Li Wu, Wei Deng, Kexin Yi, Yibin Li
Summary: The experiment showed that plums at the ripe stage have the highest levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, as well as the strongest antioxidant capacity. The major phenolic compounds in plum polyphenols include flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and phenolic acids. Plum polyphenols also exhibit a strong inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase (XOD).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samikshya Neupane, Simran Bajracharya, Sanju Thada, Anita Bakabal, Ram Bahadur Khadka, Hari Prasad Devkota, Jitendra Pandey
Summary: Choerospondias axillaris Roxb. is a deciduous tree native to Nepal and the Himalayan region. The study examined the phenol, flavonoid, and carbohydrate content, as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of C. axillaris fruit extracts. The acetone extract showed the highest antioxidant activity and xanthine oxidase inhibition, as well as strong antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. The findings suggest that C. axillaris extracts have potential applications in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. S. Raghu, K. Yogesh Kumar, M. K. Prashanth, V. S. Anusuya Devi, Fahd Alharethy, Byong-Hun Jeon
Summary: We developed a series of pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine derivatives (5a-l) through condensation, intramolecular ring annulation, and acylation processes. These compounds exhibited moderate to substantial antioxidant activity and were effective in inhibiting LOX and XO enzyme activity. Particularly, compound 5f showed excellent antioxidant and enzyme inhibition abilities. Molecular docking studies further confirmed the correlation between docking scores and experimental antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activity.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvana G. Cooper, Lucas A. C. Souza, Caleb J. Worker, Ariana Julia B. Gayban, Sophie Buller, Ryosuke Satou, Yumei Feng Earley
Summary: The brain renin-angiotensin system plays important roles in blood pressure and cardiovascular regulation. This study investigates the role of brain prorenin in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension. It is found that renin-a mRNA is expressed in several regions of the brain, including the subfornical organ, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and the brainstem. Ablation of renin-a in the subfornical organ attenuates hypertension and improves autonomic function without affecting fluid or sodium intake. The findings demonstrate the importance of endogenous renin-a in the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension.
Article
Respiratory System
Laurent Savale, Satoshi Akagi, Ly Tu, Amelie Cumont, Raphael Thuillet, Carole Phan, Benjamin Le Vely, Nihel Berrebeh, Alice Huertas, Xavier Jais, Vincent Cottin, Ari Chaouat, Cecile Tromeur, Athenais Boucly, Etienne Marie Jutant, Olaf Mercier, Elie Fadel, David Montani, Olivier Sitbon, Marc Humbert, Yuichi Tamura, Christophe Guignabert
Summary: Previous studies have shown an association between uric acid and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) severity, but it is unclear whether UA plays a role in disease pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of circulating UA in PAH management and investigate its role in pulmonary vascular remodelling. High serum UA levels at first follow-up were associated with poor prognosis, and UA was found to be disturbed in remodelled pulmonary vascular walls in both experimental and human PAH.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andreas S. Bommarius
Summary: While many oxidases are active and selective, they often lack stability for chemical synthesis or large-scale processing due to various stresses, such as loss of flavin co-enzyme, overoxidation in the presence of reactive oxygen species, or instability in the presence of air/water interfaces if the co-substrate oxygen is supplied by sparging.
CURRENT OPINION IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joao L. Serrano, Diana Lopes, Melani J. A. Reis, Renato E. F. Boto, Samuel Silvestre, Paulo Almeida
Summary: Sixteen bis-thiobarbiturates were synthesized with moderate to excellent reactional yields, showing good antioxidant performance and XO inhibitory activity. The most potent compound exhibited low cytotoxicity and about ten-fold better inhibition than the reference drug. Further analysis on the drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of this promising barbiturate compound was also conducted.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jesper Tessin, Judith Rohde, Arne Jung, Nicole Kemper, Jochen Schulz
Summary: In this study, samples from poultry house environment and culled birds were collected, and E. cecorum was successfully isolated. The principle of isolating the pathogen by streaking on a chromogenic agar may motivate researchers to investigate transmission routes and optimize biosecurity measures.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Junqin Zhang, Zimin Xie, Yanlin Pan, Zuoxin Chen, Yunzhen Huang, Linlin Li, Jiawen Dong, Yong Xiang, Qi Zhai, Minhua Sun, Xingying Li, Shujian Huang, Ming Liao
Summary: In recent years, there has been an increase in the occurrence of fowl adenovirus 2 (FAdV-2) in China, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. This study investigated the epidemiology, phylogenetic relationship, genomic characteristics, and pathogenicity of FAdV-2. The results showed that FAdV-2 was the most commonly detected serotype among various FAdV serotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that these FAdV-2 strains formed a distinct branch within the FAdV-D group and had a high nucleotide similarity with reference strains. Recombination analysis identified recombination events between FAdV-2 and FAdV-11 in some strains. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that a recombinant FAdV-2 strain caused a high mortality rate and more severe disease in chickens. These findings contribute to our understanding of FAdV-2 and provide a basis for vaccine development.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ebtsam Iraqi, Ali Abdel Hady, Nadia Elsayed, Hanaa Khalil, Amina El-Saadany, Karim El-Sabrout
Summary: Thermal manipulation during egg incubation, particularly at 12 to 18 days, has positive effects on embryonic development, hatching characteristics, chick quality, as well as posthatch thermotolerance and performance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yong Liu, Mingxin Song, He Bai, Chunhua Wang, Fei Wang, Qi Yuan
Summary: Dietary curcumin supplementation can significantly improve egg quality of quails in the late laying period, primarily by improving lipid metabolism and selectively regulating the intestinal microbial community.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lei Zhang, Zhixuan Song, Peiyao Li, Xingju Song, Xinming Tang, Dandan Hu
Summary: This study evaluated the vaccine potential of recombinant proteins for avian coccidiosis caused by Eimeria. The results showed that the rEten5-B protein can trigger immune protection against E. tenella and may be a potential and effective subunit vaccine for the control of coccidiosis in poultry.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Milan Kumar Sharma, Amit Kumar Singh, Doyun Goo, Venkata Sesha Reddy Choppa, Hanseo Ko, Hanyi Shi, Woo Kyun Kim
Summary: The study investigates the effect of Eimeria infection on gastrointestinal physiology, growth performance, and egg production of Hy-Line W-36 laying hens during peak production. Results show that Eimeria infection negatively affects body weight, feed intake, immune response, and nutrient transporter gene expression. Egg production temporarily ceases in hens infected with high and medium-high dosages of Eimeria.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elwy A. Ashour, Mahmoud Kamal, Hayman A. A. Altaie, Ayman A. Swelum, Gamaleldin M. Suliman, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of CP and ME on the performance and nutritional value of Japanese quail lay chicken. The results showed that protein and energy levels significantly influenced all productive outcomes except feed conversion ratio. The combination of dietary energy and protein levels had a substantial effect on all egg quality trials evaluated. It is recommended to feed layer Japanese quail between the ages of 8 and 20 weeks during the summer with a dietary energy content of 2,900 kcal ME/kg and 20% CP.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. E. Doornweerd, R. F. Veerkamp, B. de Klerk, M. van der Sluis, A. C. Bouwman, E. D. Ellen, G. Kootstra
Summary: Tracking group-housed individual broilers using video can provide valuable information on their health, welfare, and performance. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis on broiler tracking on video and potential tracking errors, highlighting the potential and challenges of phenotyping broiler locomotion. The results emphasized the importance of addressing tracking errors, potential algorithm improvements, and the need for an external animal identification system for efficient locomotion phenotyping.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jiayu Wu, Yanan Wang, Yu An, Changyu Tian, Lingfeng Wang, Zuhong Liu, Desheng Qi
Summary: This study compared the gene expression differences in liver tissues of laying hens at different ages using RNA sequencing, and found that the transport and metabolism of amino acids changed during the growing period, which influenced the growth and development of the hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Raabe, G. Raveendran, W. Otten, K. Homeyer, T. Bartels
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different flicker frequencies on the behavior, performance, and stress response in male turkeys. The results showed that flicker frequencies of 165 Hz or higher had no detrimental effect on growth performance, injurious pecking, or endocrine stress response in the turkeys.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adamu Mani Isa, Yanyan Sun, Yuanmei Wang, Yunlei Li, Jingwei Yuan, Aixin Ni, Hui Ma, Lei Shi, Hailai Hagos Tesfay, Yunhe Zong, Panlin Wang, Pingzhuang Ge, Jilan Chen
Summary: This study sequenced mRNAs and lncRNAs in the ovary stroma of specific chicken breeds and their reciprocal crossbreds to understand the molecular mechanism of heterosis for egg production. Results showed that genes with nonadditive expression were related to follicle growth and atresia as well as oxidative stress in the crossbred hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zhepeng Wang, Qiu Chen, Yiwei Wang, Yulu Wang, Ruifang Liu
Summary: The study investigates the functional variants associated with chicken eggshell color in the SLCO1B3 gene by measuring the eggshell color of Lueyang black-boned chickens and analyzing the genetic data. It identifies 15 variants in SLCO1B3 that are significantly associated with eggshell color. However, the functional analysis shows that one specific variant, 1B3_SNP108, does not have a significant effect on promoter activity. This study highlights the importance of SLCO1B3 and its variants in breeding eggshell color.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. Yin, Q. Tong, B. M. Li, W. C. Zheng, Y. Wang, H. Q. Peng, X. L. Xue, S. Q. Wei
Summary: This study investigated the welfare and health of laying hens in a multitier system. The results showed that the spatial distribution of hens changed with increasing age, and lower-ranking hens preferred to stay in lower tiers to avoid competition but still had access to resources. This improved the welfare and health of the hens near the end of the laying cycle.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wenwen Liang, Siqiong Jie, Yiqin Wang, Xiaowei Wen, Yanling Xiong, Xiaoxi Lin, Zhengrong Lv
Summary: This study examined the effect of risk perceptions on preventive behavior among vendors in the live poultry wholesale market and the live poultry retail market in Guangdong Province using the health belief model and structural equation modeling. The results showed that perceived severity and perceived benefits positively influenced vendors' self-efficacy in the wholesale market, while perceived barriers negatively affected self-efficacy in both the wholesale and retail markets. Moreover, cues to action mediated the relationship between perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy, and also mediated the effect of perceived susceptibility among wholesale market vendors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shreeya Sharma, Raveendra R. Kulkarni, Shayan Sharif, Hosni Hassan, Mohammadali Alizadeh, Scott Pratt, Khaled Abdelaziz
Summary: The study investigates the impact of exposing chick embryos to antigens via in ovo delivery of poultry-specific lactobacilli on the expression of genes associated with early bursal development and maturation. Results indicate that the supplementation of poultry-specific lactobacilli to chick embryos can accelerate the development and immunological maturation of the bursa of Fabricius.