Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Anshuman Cherala, Parth N. Pandya, Kenneth M. Liechti, S. V. Sreenivasan
Summary: Emerging nanoscale applications in energy, electronics, optics, and medicine can benefit from incorporating nanoshaped structures with sharp corners. By utilizing nanoimprint lithography followed by metal-assisted chemical etching, diamond-like nanoshapes have been shown to improve device performance. Studies suggest that scaling nanoshaped imprinting down to sub-10 nm levels is achievable with improved resist materials and novel bridge structures.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tao Liu, Xujie Tong, Shuoqiu Tian, Yuying Xie, Mingsai Zhu, Bo Feng, Xiaohang Pan, Rui Zheng, Shan Wu, Ding Zhao, Yifang Chen, Bingrui Lu, Min Qiu
Summary: Ice lithography is a promising technology in nanotechnology, however, its theoretical modeling and understanding are still limited. In this study, a Monte Carlo algorithm-based modeling method for ice lithography is developed and simulations are performed. The comparisons with conventional electron beam lithography show the superior properties of ice lithography.
Article
Physics, Applied
Eugenia Pyurbeeva, Jacob L. Swett, Qingyu Ye, Oscar W. Kennedy, Jan A. Mol
Summary: Feedback-controlled electric breakdown of graphene can be applied to encapsulated graphene constrictions, resulting in conductance switching behavior attributed to atomic-scale fluctuations of graphene below the encapsulating layer. This method opens up possibilities for fabricating encapsulated room-temperature single-electron nanodevices and provides insights into the physical mechanism of conductance switching in graphene nanodevices.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mahya Ganjian, Khashayar Modaresifar, Dionysios Rompolas, Lidy E. E. Fratila-Apachitei, Amir A. A. Zadpoor
Summary: Developing a high-throughput nanopatterning technique with precise control over feature dimensions is crucial for studying cell-nanopattern interactions. This study presents a process that fulfills these criteria by using electron-beam lithography to fabricate controlled arrays of submicron pillars and developing etching procedures to create the desired height. The study demonstrates the significance of the fabricated pillars in inducing osteogenic differentiation and utilizes replication techniques to pattern bio-instructive surfaces. Overall, the method enables the precise fabrication of submicron and nanopatterns for systematic cell studies.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tianzhen Sun, Lin Kang, Hongyou Zhao, Yuxia Zhao, Ying Gu
Summary: This article systematically summarizes the recent progresses of photoacid generators (PAGs) for biomedical applications, including tumor treatment, antibacterial treatment, regulation of protein folding and unfolding, control of drug release and so on. The concept of water-dependent reversible photoacid (W-RPA) and its antitumor effect are highlighted.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Vishwas Jindal, Vasam Sugunakar, Sandip Ghosh
Summary: This study describes an optical arrangement and procedure for photolithography on microscopic flakes of two-dimensional materials with any shape and size. The technique combines macroscopic masks with writing and projection of demagnified images to generate required patterns. The setup allows for direct lithography without specific masks or position markers.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jingyuan Deng, Sean Bailey, Shaoyi Jiang, Christopher K. Ober
Summary: A generalized synthetic approach to phthalaldehyde derivatives using sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange click chemistry has been described, enabling the tethering of virtually any non-ionic photoacid generator (PAG) to phthalaldehyde and expanding the usable chemical space. The resulting polymers represent the first PAG-tethered self-immolative resists, displaying high contrast, extraordinary sensitivity, and low roughness under extreme ultraviolet exposure.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Young Park, Hyun-Ji Song, Thanh Cuong Nguyen, Won-Joon Son, Daekeon Kim, Giyoung Song, Suk-Koo Hong, Heeyoung Go, Changmin Park, Inkook Jang, Dae Sin Kim
Summary: In this study, atomiC-scale materials modeling was used to investigate the photochemical reaction mechanism of a model photoacid generator (PAG). The acid generation yield was found to depend strongly on the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the PAG cation and the overall oxidation energy change of rearranged PAG. A prediction model based on these factors outperformed traditional LUMO-based models, suggesting the importance of considering both LUMO energies and energy changes during rearrangement. The model is also suitable for computational materials screening and inverse design of novel PAG materials with high lithographic performances.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yijie Liu, Xuexuan Li, Ben Pei, Lin Ge, Zhuo Xiong, Zhen Zhang
Summary: Scanning probe lithography is a promising technology for nanoscale fabrication. This study proposes a novel framework for optimizing process parameters and segmenting features using machine learning. By extracting reliable information for statistical analysis, the framework enables the optimization of process parameters for smaller critical dimensions and large-scale nano-lithography.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Scott M. Lewis, Guy A. DeRose, Hayden R. Alty, Matthew S. Hunt, Nathan Lee, James A. Mann, Richard Grindell, Alex Wertheim, Lucia De Rose, Antonio Fernandez, Christopher A. Muryn, George F. S. Whitehead, Grigore A. Timco, Axel Scherer, Richard E. P. Winpenny
Summary: A new class of electron beam negative tone resist materials has been developed based on heterometallic rings. The initial resist performance demonstrates a resolution of 15 nm half-pitch but at the expense of a low sensitivity. Through the use of a 3D Monte Carlo simulation, sensitivity can be dramatically improved while maintaining high resolution, as shown by the simulation results.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nizan Kenane, Douglas A. Keszler
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of atmospheric gases on the dissolution rates of n-butyltin oxide hydroxide photoresists, revealing new phenomena such as the absorption of CO2 and reduction in carbon content. These findings may play a role in determining the patterning performance and variability based on changes in atmospheric gas composition.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ankur Pandey, Surjendu Maity, Kaniska Murmu, Sagnik Middya, Dipankar Bandyopadhyay, Partho Sarathi Gooh Pattader
Summary: Strategically using electron beam irradiation and solvent annealing on an ultrathin film of polystyrene-poly(methyl methacrylate) can lead to the formation of large-area hierarchical nanoscale patterns. The variation of e-beam dosage and the tone reversal behavior of the resist significantly affect the dewetted patterns, while selective removal of PMMA blocks using suitable solvent can further reduce the size of the features.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seok Hyun Yoon, Chang-Ki Baek, Byoung Don Kong
Summary: Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are crucial RF filters in mobile communication due to their simple structure, low power consumption, and small form factor. However, the limitation of conventional SAW filters in operating frequency poses a challenge for the utilization of mm-band frequencies in 5G communication. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of hexagonal boron nitride, a 2D material, as a key enabler for mm-band SAW filters, offering high operating frequencies, high electromechanical coupling coefficient, and low insertion loss.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yugu Yang-Keathley, Stephen A. Maloney, J. Todd Hastings
Summary: Shot-to-shot or pixel-to-pixel dose variation during electron-beam lithography is a significant practical and fundamental problem caused by various factors. Real-time feedback control of electron dose can improve pattern quality and throughput beyond the shot noise limit. This paper demonstrates a method of dose control based on measuring electron arrival at the sample, which is a crucial step towards real-time dose control and overcoming shot noise.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Kyu Park, Yue Zhang, Baoxing Xu, Seok Kim
Summary: The direct transfer of pre-patterned materials plays a crucial role in the development of high-performance functional systems. By utilizing a self-delamination-driven pattern transfer method, the authors successfully integrated a single crystalline silicon thin membrane into a multi-functional system.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jin Hyuck Jung, Min Jeong Kim, Kyung Hwa Sohn, Ha Na Kang, Man Kyu Kang, Haiwon Lee
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ananya Baksi, Anuradha Mitra, Jyoti Sarita Mohanty, Haiwon Lee, Goutam De, T. Pradeep
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eunkyul Oh, Joshua A. Jackman, Saziye Yorulmaz, Vladimir P. Zhdanov, Haiwon Lee, Nam-Joon Cho
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kyung S. Park, Boram Cho, Jangmi Baek, Jae K. Hwang, Haiwon Lee, Myung M. Sung
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2013)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Kim, S. -K. Kim, M. -K. Lee, S. Yun, Y. Song, K. -R. Kim, H. Shin, H. Lee
CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
(2013)
Article
Physics, Applied
Zi-Han Wang, Haiwon Lee, Hai-Ning Cui
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Koh Eun Lee, Min Jeong Kim, Jae Beom Yoo, Hemant S. Mondkar, Kyunghwa Sohn, Haiwon Lee
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haena Chu, Seonghun Yun, Haiwon Lee
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ha Na Kang, Jin Hyuck Jung, Hyun Sang Joo, Dong Chul Seo, Haiwon Lee
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yong Deok Jo, Sooken Lee, Jeongeun Seo, Soobum Lee, Doyeon Ann, Haiwon Lee
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ojung Kwon, Ashok D. Sagar, Ha Na Kang, Hyun-Mi Kim, Ki-Bum Kim, Haiwon Lee
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sang Yun Lee, Eisuke Ito, Hungu Kang, Masahiko Hara, Haiwon Lee, Jaegeun Noh
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2014)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sang Yun Lee, Youngsik Choi, Eisuke Ito, Masahiko Hara, Haiwon Lee, Jaegeun Noh
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2013)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanzhang Jiang, Xuyi Wang, Yanting Han, Dakai Gong, Yingchun Gu, Lin Tan
Summary: In this study, FeCl3 and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were doped into waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) to create multifunctional materials with self-healing and antimicrobial properties. WPU/Fe/PAA-5.5, containing 5.5 wt % PAA, exhibited excellent mechanical properties, strong self-healing capabilities, and an impressive antimicrobial rate of over 90%. These supramolecular films were also highly recyclable through hot-pressing.
Article
Polymer Science
Longyu Tian, Min Wang, Guangming Liao, Baoliang Liu, Sujuan Zhang, Yucheng Sun, Zhen Meng, Jintao Zhang, Zaijun Lu
Summary: Two kinds of benzoxazine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare polybenzoxazine anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with quaternary ammonium functionalization. The LQPBZ AEM exhibited better ion conductivity and alkaline stability.
Article
Polymer Science
Claire A. Lemarchand
Summary: This study investigates the shock behavior of three different polymers through molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal specificities in the shock behavior of polymers, including deviations from the linear relation between shock velocity and particle velocity, as well as differences in shear stress relaxation behind the shock front. It is found that the deviation of the Hugoniot locus is related to the change in the relative contribution of bonding and non-bonding potential energies, while polymers with higher glass transition temperatures exhibit slower shear stress relaxation.
Article
Polymer Science
Zengquan Liu, Xiaochun Yin, He Zhang, Shuo Gao, Qinglin Kuang, Yanhong Feng
Summary: A powder solid-state extension (PSSE) technology was proposed to address the high melt viscosity issue of UHMWPE. By uniaxial extension and sintering in the solid state, a highly self-reinforced material was prepared. X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques were used to study the structural evolution during the PSSE process, and a solid-phase induced transformation model was established.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhike Li, Anyu Luo, Rui Zhou, Xin Li, Haiyan Li
Summary: A novel high temperature resistance IL@SiO2 nanocapsules were successfully prepared and their friction and wear properties in PA6 composites were studied. The addition of IL@SiO2 nanocapsules reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate without affecting the mechanical properties of PA6. The synergy between the IL core and SiO2 wall in the nanocapsules improved the self-lubricating performance of the PA6 composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Xin Liu, Xuhong Guo, Qi Liao
Summary: In this study, an algorithm for accurately estimating viscosity is developed using molecular dynamics simulations and the Green-Kubo formula. This algorithm can be applied to complex systems with long correlations, such as macromolecular and biological simulation systems.
Article
Polymer Science
Hao Pu, Yun-Lei Hou, Jing -Zhou Chen, Dong -Lin Zhao
Summary: The use of modified graphene improves the interfacial adherence of carbon fibers to epoxy resin, resulting in enhanced interfacial and bending properties of CF and matrix in CF/EP composites, as well as increased interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Wei-Chung Ke, Jin-Wei Lin, Manohar Reddy Busireddy, Yueh-Hsing Lee, Jiun-Tai Chen, Chain-Shu Hsu
Summary: This study introduces a crosslinkable monomer, TAIC, to synthesize three crosslinked polyimide films, which exhibit improved thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties. The introduction of TAIC enhances the tensile strength, reduces the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polyimide films.
Article
Polymer Science
Alex Kwasi Kumi, Ruiling Fan, Ye Chen, Yumei Zhang
Summary: The difference in leaching of amylopectin from cellulose/amylopectin/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) blends during regeneration in water and aqueous ethanol has been studied. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the dissolution and regeneration mechanisms of amylopectin in [Bmim][Cl] are similar to cellulose in ionic liquids. Water regeneration leads to weak electrostatic interactions, resulting in high leaching of amylopectin. In contrast, ethanol-water interactions enhance electrostatic interactions among amylopectin chains, limiting amylopectin leaching in aqueous ethanol.
Article
Polymer Science
Xi Zeng, Junwei Zhou, Junbiao Peng, Chunsheng Zhang, Danling Wang, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng
Summary: This study utilizes an oligomer deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on polyethylene glycol to regulate the vulcanization kinetics of rubber. The results show that the DES can accelerate vulcanization at low temperatures without affecting the crosslinking density and Mullins effect.
Article
Polymer Science
Qianqian Yue, Yongfei Peng, Xingjian Liu, Aihua He, Huarong Nie
Summary: The addition of metal deactivators can effectively suppress the aging of TBIR, prolong its lifespan, and have no negative effects on its physical and processing properties. These research findings are of great importance for improving the stability and aging resistance of polymers.
Article
Polymer Science
J. Gomez-Caturla, J. Ivorra-Martinez, R. Tejada-Oliveros, V Moreno, D. Garcia-Garcia, R. Balart
Summary: This work focuses on the development of environmentally friendly PLA formulations by using different esters derived from geraniol as plasticizers. The results show that these esters have good compatibility with PLA, and they can effectively enhance the elongation and plasticity of PLA, reduce its glass transition temperature, and slightly improve its water absorption capabilities.
Article
Polymer Science
Dandan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Zhao Ke, Ke Xu, Fengna Dai, Youhai Yu, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen
Summary: In this study, cross-linked PI aerogel membranes with low dielectric constant and high moisture resistance were prepared by co-polymerization and scraping coating technology. The incorporation of fluorinated blocks and benzimidazole ring structures resulted in novel PI aerogel membranes with fascinating dielectric properties and outstanding moisture resistance.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhaoyang Chu, Qing Zhang, Haihua Luo, Han Zhou, Fapei Zhang, Wei Chen, Wenhua Zhang
Summary: Multi-physical fields solution processing strategy is a universal and facile method for preparing various conjugated polymer films and high-performance devices. In this study, we employed a combined microfluidic flow and ultrasonication strategy (FU) for processing CP solutions, and found a pronounced synergetic effect in promoting the pre-ordering of chains in solution. The conformation order and anisotropy of the solution were revealed through various characterizations. A non-classical nucleation model for polymer crystallization in non-equilibrium solution processing was confirmed. The roles of microfluidic flow and ultrasonication in chain aggregation and crystallization were addressed through multi-physical simulations. Compared to pristine solutions, the FU strategy showed improved solution anisotropy and crystallization kinetics, resulting in higher crystallinity in films and increased mobilities in OFET devices. The FU processing strategy provides a universal approach for regulating chain conformation and aggregation in conjugated polymer solutions.