Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bridgette Wilson, Tokuwa Kanno, Rachael Slater, Megan Rossi, Peter M. Irving, Miranda C. Lomer, Chris Probert, A. James Mason, Kevin Whelan
Summary: Baseline faecal and urine metabolites can predict response to the low FODMAP diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Uday C. Ghoshal, Uzma Mustafa, Subhra K. Mukhopadhyay
Summary: A novel FODMAP meal challenge test (FMCT) was developed in this study, which can predict the response of IBS patients to a low-FODMAP diet.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel So, Chu K. Yao, Paul A. Gill, Phoebe A. Thwaites, Zaid S. Ardalan, Chris S. McSweeney, Stuart E. Denman, Adam F. Chrimes, Jane G. Muir, Kyle J. Berean, Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh, Peter R. Gibson
Summary: This study used telemetric gas-and pH-sensing capsule technologies to define patterns of regional fermentation following dietary manipulations. The results showed that while the combination of fibers increased plasma short-chain fatty acid concentrations, it had no significant effect on fecal fermentation. The gas-sensing capsule technology detected the expected propagation of fermentation distally in the colon.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernanda Valdez-Palomares, Rafael Nambo-Venegas, Jacqueline Uribe-Garcia, Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas, Omar Granados-Portillo, Noemi Meraz-Cruz, Berenice Palacios-Gonzalez
Summary: IBS patients exhibit varying responses to low-FODMAP diet based on their baseline fecal microbial composition, with certain bacterial biomarkers being associated with responsiveness. Discrimination of responders and non-responders can be achieved with high accuracy using linear discriminant analysis based on the abundance of specific bacterial genera. Bacterial biomarkers are therefore useful in classifying IBS individuals by their response to LFD.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evelyn Campbell, Cathryn R. Nagler
Summary: Diet can impact the microbiome, immune function, and inflammation. Dietary interventions high in fermented foods or plant-based fiber have the potential to increase microbial diversity and reduce markers of immune-mediated inflammation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Orazio Palmieri, Stefano Castellana, Antonio Bevilacqua, Anna Latiano, Tiziana Latiano, Anna Panza, Rosanna Fontana, Antonio Massimo Ippolito, Giuseppe Biscaglia, Annamaria Gentile, Domenica Gioffreda, Ivana Decina, Michele Tricarico, Milena Sinigaglia, Maria Rosaria Corbo, Tommaso Mazza, Francesco Perri, Carmela Lamacchia
Summary: Individuals with celiac disease can restore the alpha biodiversity of their gut microbiota through a gluten-free diet (GFD), but the beta diversity of microbial composition differs from healthy controls. While some taxa are decreased in CD subjects following GFD, certain bacterial genera are found to be more abundant. Predicted metabolic pathways show potential for the development of new GFD products aimed at modulating the gut microbiota through diet and supplements.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rebecca J. Solch-Ottaiano, Taylor C. Judkins, Samantha H. Matott, Caitlin E. McDermott, Carmelo Nieves Jr, Yu Wang, James Colee, Massimiliano S. Tagliamonte, Upuli Dissanayake, Volker Mai, Susan S. Percival, Bobbi Langkamp-Henken
Summary: The study showed that polyphenol-rich cranberry extracts did not have a significant impact on intestinal health in obese adults, but may increase certain beneficial gut bacteria. A longer intervention may be needed to observe the benefits on inflammation and gastrointestinal barrier function.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Arezina Kasti, Konstantinos Petsis, Sophia Lambrinou, Konstantinos Katsas, Maroulla Nikolaki, Ioannis S. Papanikolaou, Erifili Hatziagelaki, Konstantinos Triantafyllou
Summary: Food intolerance is an important factor in triggering symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and specific dietary patterns, such as the low-FODMAP diet (LFD), are the first-line therapeutic approach. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), known for its anti-inflammatory properties, has not been evaluated in combination with a modified LFD in IBS patients. This review examines the hypothesis that combining the immunomodulatory effects of the MedDiet with the LFD could improve IBS symptoms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingmiao Wen, Wei Xiong, Guihua Wei, Liudai Zhang, Yanjun Liu, Tinglan Zhang, Alvin Altamirano, Qiaozhi Yin, Tiane Zhang, Zhiyong Yan
Summary: Growing evidence suggests a link between gut microbiota and atherosclerosis (AS). This study established an AS rat model through long-term high-fat diet feeding. Pathological and microbiota changes in the rat's ileum and colon were examined, and correlations between AS and gut microbiota were analyzed. The study found varying degrees of pathological damage and microbiota disturbance in the ileum and colon of AS rats. This article contributes to the understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota in different gut segments and AS and provides new approaches to gut microbiota intervention for AS treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chenmin Hu, Chenxi Yan, Yuhao Wu, Enfu Tao, Rui Guo, Zhenya Zhu, Xiaolong Chen, Marong Fang, Mizu Jiang
Summary: This study found that a low-FODMAP diet can alleviate irritable bowel syndrome by improving colonic microcirculation, increasing the threshold for visceral hypersensitivity, and reducing the expression of VEGF protein.
Article
Cell Biology
Hadar Bootz-Maoz, Ayelet Pearl, Ehud Melzer, Stephen Malnick, Efrat Sharon, Yifat Bennet, Rotem Tsentsarevsky, Shlomi Abuchatzera, Sivan Amidror, Elana Aretz, Shalhevet Azriel, Chen Gam Ze Letova, Maria Naama, Irit Shoval, Orly Yaron, Sarit Karako-Lampert, Shai Bel, Nissan Yissachar
Summary: Changes in microbiome composition are associated with human diseases, and finding causative connections between specific microbial taxa and their impact on the host tissues is crucial for clinical translation. This study infuses gut organ cultures with microbiota samples from therapy-naive patients with IBS under a low-FODMAP diet and identifies a diet-sensitive pathobiont that disrupts gut barrier functions. The findings support the potential feasibility of microbiome-based therapies in IBS.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniel So, Amy Loughman, Heidi M. Staudacher
Summary: In patients with IBS, a low FODMAP diet appears to specifically impact Bifidobacteria in the colonic microbiome with no consistent effects on other microbiome metrics, including diversity, fecal SCFA concentrations, and fecal pH. Further well-powered trials are necessary to validate these findings.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paolo Usai-Satta, Francesco Oppia, Mariantonia Lai, Francesco Cabras
Summary: This study examines the utility of hydrogen breath testing (BT) in the diagnosis of carbohydrate malabsorption, finding that lactose BT has good sensitivity and specificity for lactose malabsorption, while dose-dependent fructose and sorbitol malabsorption do not show diagnostic advantage compared to dietary intervention.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tommaso Pessarelli, Andrea Sorge, Luca Elli, Andrea Costantino
Summary: This review summarizes the role of low-FODMAP diet and gluten-free diet in functional abdominal bloating and distension. Ingested food plays a key role in the pathophysiology of these disorders, and potential mechanisms of food-related symptoms are discussed. The review analyzes current literature on the efficacy of these diets and suggests that low-FODMAP diet may be effective for bloating, while more research is needed on the gluten-free diet.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Davide Sisti, Valerio Pazienza, Fabio Piccini, Barbara Citterio, Wally Baffone, Sabrina Donati Zeppa, Francesca Biavasco, Emilia Prospero, Antonio De Luca, Marco Artico, Samanta Taurone, Andrea Minelli, Francesco Perri, Elena Binda, Riccardo Pracella, Riccardo Santolini, Stefano Amatori, Piero Sestili, Marco B. L. Rocchi, Pietro Gobbi
Summary: This study identified a primary framework of a healthy gut microbiota composition that is minimally affected by variations. Differences in relative quantitative ratios of microbiota composition were detected among different clusters, which may be related to geographical regions, lifestyle habits, and dietary restrictions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laurent Elkrief, Bochao Lin, Mattia Marchi, Mohammad H. Afzali, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L. W. Bokde, Erin Burke Quinlan, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Juliane H. Froehner, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Jurjen Luykx, Marco P. Boks, Patricia J. Conrod
Summary: This study examines the relationship between cannabis use, genetic risk for schizophrenia, and psychotic-like experiences. The results suggest that cannabis use remains a risk factor for psychotic-like experiences, above and beyond genetic vulnerability for schizophrenia.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miranda C. E. Lomer, Bridgette Wilson, Catherine L. Wall
Summary: This study developed guidelines for the nutritional assessment and dietary management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using a Delphi consensus method. The guidelines aim to improve equality of care for patients with IBD.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonna Jalanka, David Gunn, Gulzar Singh, Shanthi Krishnasamy, Melanie Lingaya, Fiona Crispie, Laura Finnegan, Paul Cotter, Louise James, Adam Nowak, Giles Major, Robin C. Spiller
Summary: This study investigated the changes in intestinal microbiota following gastroenteritis caused by a single bacterium. The results showed that patients with persistent bowel dysfunction had lower diversity and altered composition of the microbiota compared to those who recovered. The initial infection had a greater impact on the microbiota of patients with persistent bowel dysfunction. High fiber diets may help alleviate some of the disturbances associated with persistent bowel dysfunction.
Article
Psychiatry
Raka Maitra, Charlotte M. Horne, Owen O'Daly, Evangelos Papanastasiou, Christian Gaser, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Ruediger Bruehl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Herve Lemaitre, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Juliane H. Froehner, Lauren Robinson, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Jeanne M. Winterer, Robert Whelan, Erin Burke Quinlan, Alex Ing, Gunter Schumann, Sukhi Shergill
Summary: The study found that Psychotic Like Experiences (PLEs) in adolescents are associated with changes in cortical gyrification, indicating abnormal neurodevelopment. Adolescents with higher PLEs had lower cortical gyrification in the fronto-temporal regions in the left hemisphere, and higher cortical gyrification in the right parietal cortex during late adolescence. The study also revealed that adolescents with high PLEs were 5.6 times more likely to develop psychosis by age 23.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
J. Thewlis, D. Stevens, H. Power, D. Giddings, P. Gowland, M. Vloeberghs
Summary: This study introduces a four-dimensional local radial basis function interpolation method for reconstructing complex flow phenomena in medical image velocimetry datasets. The proposed method shows promising results in both experiments and applications, offering a potential tool for medical diagnoses and drug delivery.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhipeng Cao, Renata B. Cupertino, Jonatan Ottino-Gonzalez, Alistair Murphy, Devarshi Pancholi, Anthony Juliano, Bader Chaarani, Matthew Albaugh, Dekang Yuan, Nathan Schwab, James Stafford, Anna E. Goudriaan, Kent Hutchison, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Maartje Luijten, Martine Groefsema, Reza Momenan, Lianne Schmaal, Rajita Sinha, Ruth J. van Holst, Dick J. Veltman, Reinout W. Wiers, Bernice Porjesz, Tristram Lett, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L. W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rudiger Bruehl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Juliane H. Froehner, Lauren Robinson, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Jeanne Winterer, Gunter Schumann, Robert Whelan, Ravi R. Bhatt, Alyssa Zhu, Patricia Conrod, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M. Thompson, Scott Mackey, Hugh Garavan
Summary: In this study, researchers identified a shared spatial pattern of cortical thickness (CT) in normative development and several psychiatric and neurological disorders. Further analysis revealed significant spatial correspondences between this pattern and widespread lower CT observed in psychiatric disorders, as well as the spatial pattern of normative maturation and aging. Transcriptional analysis also identified a set of genes closely related to this pattern, indicating disrupted neurodevelopment in the pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases emerging during adolescence.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Chavanne, Marie Laure Paillere Martinot, Jani Penttilae, Yvonne Grimmer, Patricia Conrod, Argyris Stringaris, Betteke van Noort, Corinna Isensee, Andreas Becker, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L. W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Ruediger Bruehl, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah S. Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Juliane Froehner, Michael Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Eric Artiges
Summary: Recent studies have found MRI correlates of prospective anxiety symptoms in youth, but their predictive value is still uncertain. This study used machine-learning algorithms to predict clinical anxiety using MRI data and psychometric scores. The results showed that psychometric features were the main predictors for overall anxiety disorders, while MRI regional volumes were more valuable for predicting GAD. In conclusion, future clinical anxiety in non-anxious 14-year-old adolescents can be individually predicted using psychometric features, and including neuroanatomical data improves the prediction of GAD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Harshvardhan Gazula, Kelly Rootes-Murdy, Bharath Holla, Sunitha Basodi, Zuo Zhang, Eric Verner, Ross Kelly, Pratima Murthy, Amit Chakrabarti, Debasish Basu, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya, Rajkumar Lenin Singh, Roshan Lourembam Singh, Kartik Kalyanram, Kamakshi Kartik, Kumaran Kalyanaraman, Krishnaveni Ghattu, Rebecca Kuriyan, Sunita Simon Kurpad, Gareth J. Barker, Rose Dawn Bharath, Sylvane Desrivieres, Meera Purushottam, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Eesha Sharma, Matthew Hickman, Mireille Toledano, Nilakshi Vaidya, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L. W. Bokde, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rudiger Bruhl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Juliane H. Frohner, Lauren Robinson, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Jeanne Winterer, Robert Whelan, Jessica A. Turner, Anand D. Sarwate, Sergey M. Plis, Vivek Benegal, Gunter Schumann, Vince D. Calhoun
Summary: With the growth of decentralized/federated analysis approaches in neuroimaging, the opportunities to study brain disorders using data from multiple sites has grown multi-fold. One such initiative is the Neuromark, a fully automated spatially constrained independent component analysis (ICA) that is used to link brain network abnormalities among different datasets, studies, and disorders while leveraging subject-specific networks.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catherine L. Wall, Bridgette Wilson, Miranda C. E. Lomer
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate an IBD-specific nutrition self-screening tool (IBD-NST) that identifies patients at nutrition risk. The final validated IBD-NST includes body mass index (BMI), weight loss and IBD-specific nutrition-focussed questions which were acceptable to patients.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Meshari T. Alshammari, Ali S. Alyami, Victoria Wilkinson-Smith, Robin C. Spiller, Penny Gowland, Luca Marciani, Gordon W. Moran, Caroline L. Hoad
Summary: This study evaluated the reliability and variability of MRI tagging techniques for assessing colonic chyme mixing. The results showed that this technique can accurately assess the mixing of food in the colon and has high inter-rater agreement. Furthermore, the reliability of the technique did not significantly vary over time.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Perttu Lahtinen, Jonna Jalanka, Eero Mattila, Jyrki Tillonen, Paula Bergman, Reetta Satokari, Perttu Arkkila
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that there was no difference in the number of relapses between the FMT group and the placebo group during the 12-month follow-up. Therefore, the use of a single-dose FMT for maintaining remission in UC is not supported by these results.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Radu Tanasescu, Olivier Mougin, I-Jun Chou, Ali Al-Radaideh, Oltita P. Jerca, Su-Yin Lim, Penny Gowland, Cris S. Constantinescu
Summary: Natalizumab can prevent the progression of microstructural tissue damage in patients with multiple sclerosis, as shown by high-field MRI.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Malak A. Jaber, Bruna de Falco, Salah Abdelrazig, Catharine A. Ortori, David A. Barrett, Dong-Hyun Kim
Summary: In comprehensive lipidomics studies, accurate quantification is hindered by unwanted variations such as lipid degradation, matrix effects, and non-linear responses of instruments. This study employed an in vivo labelling strategy to generate C-13-labelled internal standards (C-13-ISs) from different species for more accurate and quantitative lipidomics analysis. The use of C-13-labelled P. pastoris extract as internal standards resulted in significant reduction in lipid variations compared to other normalization methods. This study highlights the benefit of in vivo labelling strategy in reducing technical and analytical variations in lipidomics studies.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Martin Taubel, Jonna Jalanka, Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Pauli Tuoresmaki, Anne Hyvarinen, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Eija Piippo-Savolainen, Juha Pekkanen, Anne M. Karvonen
Summary: The composition of house dust mycobiota is associated with the development of childhood asthma, but not with fungal diversity or load. Certain fungal genera showed protective associations with asthma, but these associations were not significant after adjusting for other microbial markers and bacterial indices.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)