Article
Developmental Biology
Esti de Graaff, Kate Bartlett, Lynn Sadler, Heena Lakhdhir, Rachel Simon-Kumar, Roshini Peiris-John, Wendy Burgess, Robin Cronin, Lesley McCowan, Ngaire Anderson
Summary: Women of South Asian ethnicity in Aotearoa NZ have a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including placental dysfunction and antepartum haemorrhage compared to NZ European and Maori women. Placental pathology differences were observed among perinatal deaths between 20+0 to 27+6 weeks gestation, with South Asian women more likely to show features of histologic chorioamnionitis and chorionic vasculitis. Metabolic disorders and an associated pro-inflammatory environment may contribute to these differences.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hayley J. Denison, Marine Corbin, Jeroen Douwes, Stephanie G. Thompson, Matire Harwood, Alan Davis, John N. Fink, P. Alan Barber, John H. Gommans, Dominique A. Cadilhac, William Levack, Harry McNaughton, Joosup Kim, Valery L. Feigin, Virginia Abernethy, Jackie Girvan, Andrew Wilson, Anna Ranta
Summary: This study assessed ethnic differences in stroke outcome and service access in New Zealand (NZ) and explored underlying causes in addition to traditional risk factors. The results showed that Maori people had a higher risk of unfavorable outcomes at different time points and higher risks of death, change in residence, and unemployment. The study suggests that these disparities may be associated with stroke service delivery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Sociology
Kevin Dew, Lucas Armstrong
Summary: This article discusses the therapeutic use of medical marijuana in New Zealand and introduces the concepts of statist medicine and subaltern therapeutics. Patients often resort to illegal means when faced with difficulties in accessing medical marijuana through regulatory processes. Obtaining illegal medical marijuana through channels like "green fairies" is an option for patients.
JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrian Martinez-Ruiz, Susan Yates, Gary Cheung, Makarena Dudley, Rita Krishnamurthi, Fuafiva Fa'alau, Mary Roberts, Seini Taufa, Jacinta Fa'alili-Fidow, Claudia Rivera-Rodriguez, Staverton Kautoke, Etuini Ma'u, Ngaire Kerse, Sarah Cullum
Summary: New Zealand is officially recognized as a bicultural country with Maori and non-Maori populations. The prevalence of dementia is projected to triple by 2050, with a particular increase in non-NZ-Europeans. The government needs to develop policies to meet the demands of this rapid rise. There is currently no national data on dementia prevalence in NZ, so a large-scale study is needed to provide accurate statistics.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marina Mutter, Jillian R. Kyle, Emmanuelle Yecies, Megan Hamm, Deborah DiNardo
Summary: This study explored the approach to uncertainty in medical decision-making among senior internal medicine residents. The perceived acuity of patient presentation and the level of responsibility in resolving uncertainty were found to influence the approach to uncertainty. The expression of uncertainty by attending physicians was important in alleviating stress and promoting reflection among residents.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Ellen M. Driever, Ivo M. Tolhuizen, Robbert J. Duvivier, Anne M. Stiggelbout, Paul L. P. Brand
Summary: Residents' decision making is influenced by contextual factors, their medical knowledge, their knowledge about SDM, and their beliefs and convictions about their professional responsibilities. They confuse SDM with acquiring informed consent, following physician's treatment recommendations, and letting patients choose their preferred option in cases where no evidence-based guideline is available. Training programs for residents on SDM should address not only skills training but also target their perceptions and convictions regarding their role in the decision-making process in consultations.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Federico Bizzarri, Chiara Mocenni, Silvia Tiezzi
Summary: We propose a Markov Decision Process Model that combines ideas from Psychological research and Economics to study decision-making in people with self-control issues. From Psychological research, we borrow a dual-process of decision-making with self-awareness, and from Economics, we introduce present bias in inter-temporal preferences. We examine both exogenous and endogenous, state-dependent, present bias in inter-temporal decision-making, and use numerical simulations to explore the impact on well-being. Our findings suggest that self-awareness can alleviate present bias and suboptimal choice behavior over time.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Valerie F. Reyna, Sarah Edelson, Bridget Hayes, David Garavito
Summary: Research suggests that people often rely on simplified representations of information to make decisions instead of detailed information. This fuzzy-processing preference helps explain puzzles and paradoxes in how individuals think about probabilities, treatment outcomes, pain experiences, end-of-life decisions, and other health-related factors.
MEDICAL DECISION MAKING
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christoph Becker, Sebastian Gross, Martina Gamp, Katharina Beck, Simon A. Amacher, Jonas Mueller, Chantal Bohren, Rene Blatter, Rainer Schaefert, Philipp Schuetz, Joerg Leuppi, Stefano Bassetti, Sabina Hunziker
Summary: This study investigated the association between patients' decisional control preference (DCP) and their medical knowledge, ward round performance measures, and perceived quality of care measures. The findings demonstrate that patients with an active DCP have lower trust in physicians and nurses and are less satisfied with their hospital stay.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andre Luiz Q. Reis, Ricardo M. Stenders, Isabela S. Alves, Renan A. Camara, Alba R. A. Arana, Jose Carlos C. Amorim, Edson R. Andrade
Summary: This study explores the mathematical correlation between indexes characterizing a territory's susceptibility to flooding and the potential damage caused to the public, while also considering the cognitive influence of decision-makers on risk perception. The results offer a new perspective for natural disaster management assessment by estimating the impact of decision-makers' intellectual selfperception on outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Esti de Graaff, Kate Bartlett, Lynn Sadler, Heena Lakhdhir, Rachel Simon-Kumar, Roshini Peiris-John, Wendy Burgess, Robin Cronin, Lesley McCowan, Ngaire Anderson
Summary: Women of South Asian ethnicity are more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes related to placental dysfunction. Placental aging may occur earlier in South Asian pregnancies. This study aimed to investigate differences in placental pathology among perinatal deaths >= 28 weeks gestation in South Asian, Māori, and NZ European women in Aotearoa NZ.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cervantee E. K. Wild, Ngauru T. Rawiri, Esther J. Willing, Paul L. Hofman, Yvonne C. Anderson
Summary: The study identified challenges faced by families with children/adolescents affected by obesity in making and maintaining healthy lifestyle changes, including financial cost, impact of the food environment, time pressures, stress, and more. Even with support from a multidisciplinary healthy lifestyle programme, participants found it difficult to make sustained changes within an obesogenic environment. Efforts to make and sustain changes require alignment of prevention efforts and policy changes to improve the food environment and eliminate structural inequities.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Troy L. Merry, Patricia Metcalf, Robert Scragg, Richard Gearry, Meika Foster, Jeremy D. Krebs
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome severity score (MetSSS) and glucose regulatory and cardiovascular disease (CVD) status in Aotearoa New Zealand. The MetSSS and MetSSS component coefficients were calculated for participants from two cross-sectional studies and compared by ethnicity, glucose regulatory status, and history of cardiovascular disease. The results showed a positive association between MetSSS and impaired glucose regulatory status as well as history of cardiovascular disease for all ethnic groups. Ethnicity significantly affected the coefficients of the MetSSS components, but all ethnicities had a similar MetSSS distribution. The study concludes that MetSSS may be a useful tool to assess cardiometabolic disease risk in the multi-ethnic population of Aotearoa New Zealand, although ethnic-specific categories for disease risk may be needed.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Megan Elizabeth Grinlinton, Matthew James McGuinness, Mary Christie, Robyn Oldfield, Reena Ramsaroop, David Moss
Summary: This study found that patients with PT in AoNZ were significantly overrepresented in Asian, Pasifika and MELAA ethnic groups. Pasifika patients may be at an increased risk of presenting at a younger age with larger, higher grade tumors compared to European patients.
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucy Mason, Hana Turner-Adams, Garry Nixon, Kyle Eggleton
Summary: Research indicates that there are educational achievement differences between rural and urban schools. Lower educational achievement in rural schools is mainly attributed to lower NCEA and UE attainment among Maori students, greater socioeconomic disadvantage, and differing characteristics. The lower UE attainment rate in rural schools is likely to result in greater difficulty for rural students to enter medical programmes, particularly for rural Maori students. To address rural workforce issues, a fundamental shift is needed in the admission pathways of medical programmes, from focusing solely on workforce considerations to considering both workforce and equity factors.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW ZEALAND
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Ruth Cunningham, James Stanley, Tracy Haitana, Suzanne Pitama, Marie Crowe, Roger Mulder, Richard Porter, Cameron Lacey
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Frederieke S. Petrovic-van der Deen, Ruth Cunningham, Jenni Manuel, Sheree Gibb, Richard J. Porter, Suzanne Pitama, Marie Crowe, Sue Crengle, Cameron Lacey
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Janet D. Carter, Jennifer Jordan, Virginia V. W. McIntosh, Christopher M. A. Frampton, Cameron Lacey, Richard J. Porter, Roger T. Mulder
Summary: The study found significant improvements in depression, anxiety, cognitive and global social functioning two years after using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and metacognitive therapy (MCT) for depression. There were no significant differences in outcome between CBT and MCT, with noticeable improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms. The lack of modality-specific differences in treatment outcomes was consistent at the two-year follow-up.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Tracy Haitana, Suzanne Pitama, Donna Cormack, Mau Te Rangimarie Clark, Cameron Lacey
Summary: This study explores the clinical care situation of Maori with bipolar disorder using a qualitative research method. Findings indicate that cultural competence and safety are important concerns in clinical care for Maori patients and their families. Patients and families believe that the effectiveness of clinical care depends on clear pathways, timely and consistent care, and support from clinically and culturally competent staff.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Tracy Haitana, Suzanne Pitama, Donna Cormack, Mau Te Rangimarie Clark, Cameron Lacey
Summary: This paper aims to identify barriers in the New Zealand mental health system for Maori patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) and propose changes to improve its structure and function. The study used a qualitative Kaupapa Maori Research methodology, conducting semi-structured interviews with Maori patients with BD and their whanau. The findings highlight the impact of structural features of the health system on health equity for Maori with BD, and suggest potential changes to improve accessibility and scope of BD services for Maori.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Tracy Haitana, Suzanne Pitama, Donna Cormack, Mau Te Rangimarie Clark, Cameron Lacey
Summary: This study uses a qualitative Kaupapa Maori methodology to identify barriers to equity in healthcare for Maori with bipolar disorder and their families in New Zealand. The study suggests that transformation of the healthcare organization is needed to achieve health equity, including changes in organizational culture, the implementation of an equity partnership model, and the development of a culturally competent health workforce.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Cameron Lacey, Chris Frampton, Ben Beaglehole
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the mobile health application oVRcome for five specific phobias, showing significant reduction in phobia symptoms. The change in phobia severity from baseline to week 6, retention rate of participants, and effect size were summarized in the research findings.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Cameron Lacey, Mark Lawrence, Claire Paterson, Susanna Every-Palmer
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Gawen Carr, Ruth Cunningham, Frederieke S. Petrovic-van Der Deen, Jenni Manuel, Sheree Gibb, Richard J. Porter, Suzanne Pitama, Marie Crowe, Sue Crengle, Cameron Lacey
Summary: Differences in diagnoses between Maori and non-Maori in early psychosis persist over a five-year period. Maori are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia, while non-Maori are more likely to be diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The stability of diagnoses is similar, and those with no stable diagnosis are more likely to move towards a schizophrenia diagnosis in both groups. Maori have a lower rate of diagnosed affective and anxiety disorders, but higher rates of face-to-face contact and inpatient admission.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jenni Manuel, Ruth Cunningham, Sheree Gibb, Frederieke S. Petrovic-van der Deen, Richard J. Porter, Suzanne Pitama, Marie Crowe, Sue Crengle, Gawen Carr, Cameron Lacey
Summary: This study found that prior to the first episode of psychosis, non-Indigenous youth had privileges in multiple sectors compared to Indigenous youth, indicating social disparities. These disparities are likely to result in further inequities in recovery.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Helen Lockett, Amanda Luckman, Angela Jury, Talya Postelnik, Cameron Lacey
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Cara Meredith, Christina McKerchar, Cameron Lacey
Summary: Indigenous mothers and birthing parents face significant inequities during the perinatal period, resulting in adverse outcomes for both the mothers/birthing parents and their infants. Limited literature exists on solutions to these issues, with most research focusing on the inequities themselves. This systematic review aimed to examine Indigenous approaches to the treatment of perinatal mental health illnesses. The review included 27 studies that primarily focused on healthcare workers and staff, with limited representation of mothers, birthing parents, and their families. While interventions showed some reductions in mental health symptoms, many studies focused on qualitative assessments of intervention acceptability or utility. More research and evaluation of Indigenous interventions for perinatal mental health illness is needed, with a focus on prioritizing the voices and experiences of Indigenous mothers, birthing parents, and their families.
ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mau Te Rangimarie Clark, Jenni Manuel, Cameron Lacey, Suzanne Pitama, Ruth Cunningham, Jennifer Jordan
Summary: The experiences and treatment needs of Maori with eating disorders are different from those of non-Maori. The key themes identified include cumulative exposure, treatment complexities, and resource empowerment.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Karen Keelan, Suzanne Pitama, Tim Wilkinson, Cameron Lacey
Summary: This study explores the organizational barriers that affect the experiences of older Maori people seeking care in aged residential care (ARC) services in New Zealand. The key theme identified is "Culturally safe care", which encompasses barriers related to the acceptability and adequacy of facilities, the interface between aged residential care and whanau models of care, and the workforce. The study highlights the importance of fostering a collective culture of equity within ARC providers and equipping healthcare leaders and staff with the skills and knowledge to deliver culturally safe care.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christina McKerchar, Moira Smith, James Stanley, Michelle Barr, Tim Chambers, Gillian Abel, Cameron Lacey, Ryan Gage, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Louise Signal
GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION
(2020)