Article
Immunology
Danixa Pamela Martinez, Cristian Oliver, Natacha Santibanez, Jose Leonardo Coronado, Ricardo Oyarzun-Salazar, Ricardo Enriquez, Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Alex Romero
Summary: The study found that SHK-1 cells stimulated with P. salmonis PAMPs increase transcription of markers involved in the transport, uptake, storage and regulation of micronutrients, indicating that the nutrient depletion mechanisms of nutritional immunity may not discriminate between living pathogens and pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Isabel Schober, Boyke Bunk, Gabriela Carril, Heike M. Freese, Nicolas Ojeda, Thomas Riedel, Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff, Markus Goeker, Cathrin Sproeer, Patricio A. Flores-Herrera, Guillermo Nourdin-Galindo, Fernando Gomez, Constanza Cardenas, Felipe Vasquez-Ponce, Alvaro Labra, Jaime Figueroa, Jorge Olivares-Pacheco, Ulrich Nuebel, Johannes Sikorski, Sergio H. Marshall, Jorg Overmann
Summary: The study reveals the global diversity, evolution, and selection of Piscirickettsia salmonis, an important bacterial pathogen in aquaculture. The research shows that P. salmonis consists of distinct genetically isolated species and highlights the role of transposases in its diversification. Group-specific genes may contribute to differences in virulence between strains, but horizontal acquisition of resistance genes does not explain the failure of antibiotic treatment in outbreaks.
Article
Immunology
Xi Xue, Albert Caballero-Solares, Jennifer R. Hall, Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan, Surendra Kumar, Eva Jakob, Stanko Skugor, Christopher Hawes, Javier Santander, Richard G. Taylor, Matthew L. Rise
Summary: Salmonid rickettsial septicemia (SRS) caused by Piscirickettsia salmonis is a severe disease in salmonids. This study investigated the transcriptomic responses of Atlantic salmon to an EM-90-like isolate, identifying two infection phenotypes and a variety of immune processes. The study broadened the understanding of molecular pathways underlying P. salmonis-triggered responses in Atlantic salmon and identified potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Javiera Ortiz-Severin, Julia I. Tandberg, Hanne C. Winther-Larsen, Francisco P. Chavez, Veronica Cambiazo
Summary: This study established a cell viability assay suitable for high-throughput analysis to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of Piscirickettsia salmonis, tracking bacterial infection cycle stages and cellular changes using fluorescence microscopy. Infection induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and select P. salmonis virulence genes across different cell culture types. These findings suggest that the identified genes could serve as biomarkers of P. salmonis infection and the infection protocol has the potential for high-throughput screenings of novel antimicrobials targeting this important fish intracellular pathogen.
Article
Immunology
Valeska Herrera, Nicole Olavarria, Jose Saavedra, Yassef Yuivar, Patricio Bustos, Oscar Almarza, Marcos Mancilla
Summary: Bacterial cell envelopes play a critical role in host-pathogen interactions and are closely linked to the virulence of pathogens. This study focuses on the genetic approach of knocking out genes related to membrane-associated polysaccharide biosynthesis in Piscirickettsia salmonis. The knock-out mutants were found to affect the virulence and pathogenicity of P. salmonis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Javiera Ortiz-Severin, Camila J. Stuardo, Natalia E. Jimenez, Ricardo Palma, Maria P. Cortes, Jonathan Maldonado, Alejandro Maass, Veronica Cambiazo
Summary: The research found that nutrient scarcity plays a role in bacterial antibiotic resistance, with P. salmonis showing resistance to multiple antibiotics under nutrient-limited conditions. The concentration of antibiotics in a defined medium affects their inhibitory effects on the pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Charles Sanchez-Roncancio, Baltasar Garcia, Jousepth Gallardo-Hidalgo, Jose M. Yanez
Summary: This study conducted GWAS using imputed genotypes at the sequence level and identified candidate genes associated with resistance to Piscirickettsia salmonis in rainbow trout. A total of 24 candidate genes were identified, which were mainly related to phagocytosis, innate immune response, inflammation, oxidative response, lipid metabolism, and apoptotic process.
Article
Fisheries
Cristian Oliver, Jose Leonardo Coronado, Danixa Martinez, Alexander Kashulin-Bekkelund, Leidy X. Lagos, Elia Ciani, Constanza Sanhueza-Oyarzun, Alejandra Mancilla-Nova, Ricardo Enriquez, Hanne C. Winther-Larsen, Alex Romero
Summary: Piscirickettsiosis outbreaks caused by Piscirickettsia salmonis in Chilean salmon aquaculture result in significant financial losses. P. salmonis secretes non-replicating and highly immunogenic outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). This study found that P. salmonis OMVs induce an immune response in Atlantic salmon, with the liver being the most immune-induced organ.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gabriela Carril, Hanne C. Winther-Larsen, Marie Lovoll, Henning Sorum
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of co-cultivation of P. salmonis genogroups on bacterial growth performance and virulence factor expression in Atlantic salmon. It was found that co-cultivation can modulate their behavior and virulence effector expression.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Fisheries
Ruben Avendano-Herrera
Summary: The reviewer points out the gaps and biases in the review by Cabello and Godfrey (2019), highlighting misconceptions about the virulence and treatment of Piscirickettsia salmonis.
Article
Fisheries
Jaime Figueroa, Daniela Villagran, Carlos Cartes, Camila Solis, Guillermo Nourdin-Galindo, Denise Haussmann
Summary: Piscirickettsia salmonis is the causative agent of Piscirickettsiosis, a systemic disease with high mortality rates in farmed salmon in southern Chile. The proteolytic enzymes of P. salmonis play a crucial role in bacterial invasion and proliferation within the host. Studies have found that various strains of P. salmonis exhibit protease activity, with higher levels of expression in genes such as T1SS and peptidase M4.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Paulina Bustos, Carolina Figueroa, Barbara Cadiz, Tamara Santander, Brian Dixon, Jose A. Gallardo, Pablo Conejeros
Summary: Recently, it was found that Atlantic salmon vaccinated against Piscirickettsia salmonis lose their protection when co-infected with Caligus rogercresseyi. The reasons for this effect and the molecular basis of the immune responses in vaccinated salmon during C. rogercresseyi infection have not been determined. In this study, changes in immune gene expression were investigated in vaccinated Atlantic salmon co-infected with C. rogercresseyi and P. salmonis. The results showed that the co-infection had a similar effect on immune gene expression as a single P. salmonis infection, suggesting a decreased cellular response. However, some individual fish exhibited a significantly higher immune response, indicating variation in vaccine efficacy.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Marco Zarattini, Mahsa Farjad, Alban Launay, David Cannella, Marie-Christine Soulie, Giovanni Bernacchia, Mathilde Fagard
Summary: Current environmental and climate changes significantly impact plant-pathogen interactions, with abiotic stresses affecting the expression of plant defense genes and pathogen virulence. This can lead to modifications in existing pathosystems and the emergence of new pathogens.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Masanori Asai, Yanwen Li, Sandra M. Newton, Brian D. Robertson, Paul R. Langford
Summary: G. mellonella larvae are widely used as surrogate infectious disease models due to their convenience and functional similarity to the innate immune system of vertebrates. Studies on G. mellonella-human intracellular bacteria pathogen infection models have increased understanding of host-bacterial interactive biology and facilitated the testing of antimicrobial drugs. The future use of these models will be driven by advances in G. mellonella genetics, imaging, metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomic methodologies.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iwona Lesiak-Markowicz, Julia Walochnik, Angelika Stary, Ursula Fuernkranz
Summary: The alr and goiB genes in Mycoplasma hominis are associated with the invasion of the amniotic cavity, while the goiC gene is associated with intra-amniotic infections and a high risk of preterm birth. The study aimed to investigate the presence of these genes in two groups of M. hominis isolates collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The results showed that co-colonisation with Ureaplasma spp. had no effect on the presence of goiC gene in M. hominis, and the investigated isolates did not have any cytotoxic effect on human cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)