Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Haicui Wu, Jiachi Chiou
Summary: Gut microbiota imbalance is closely linked to cardiovascular diseases, and probiotics and prebiotics have the potential to alleviate the risks of CVD by rebalancing gut microbiota and maintaining immune homeostasis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ellen Wilms, Ran An, Agnieszka Smolinska, Yala Stevens, Antje R. Weseler, Montserrat Elizalde, Marie-Jose Drittij, Athanasia Ioannou, Frederik J. van Schooten, Hauke Smidt, Ad A. M. Masclee, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers
Summary: The study compared the fecal microbiota composition, metabolite production, immune and oxidative stress markers in prefrail elderly and younger adults, and investigated the effects of GOS supplementation in both groups. Results showed differences in microbial composition between the two age groups, with lower bifidobacteria in elderly at baseline. GOS intake increased bifidobacteria in both groups, but did not significantly impact fecal and breath metabolites, immune function, or oxidative stress markers.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiang Li, Shaoqiang Zhang, Gang Guo, Jing Han, Jun Yu
Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in cancer and cancer therapy. Individual variations in the gut microbiota may explain the heterogeneity in immune responses to immunotherapy. Understanding the functional role of the gut microbiome in regulating immunity and cancer is essential for precision medicine. Modifying the microbiota can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. I. Ramirez-Perez, M. Abud-Archila, S. L. Ovando-Chacon, R. E. Soria-Guerra, M. A. Ruiz-Cabrera, C. I. Godinez-Hernandez, A. Grajales-Lagunes
Summary: A completely randomized experimental design was conducted to evaluate the effect of coadministration of Lpb. fabifermentans and inulin/agave fructans mixtures on gut microbiota. The results showed that the combination of fructan mixtures and Lpb. fabifermentans significantly decreased glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, and improved short-chain fatty acids concentration throughout the gastrointestinal tract. It also promoted an increase in the abundance of beneficial intestinal microbiota. Therefore, the inclusion of fructan mixtures in combination with Lpb. fabifermentans could be a good alternative for the development of functional foods that enhance consumer health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bridgette Wilson, Tokuwa Kanno, Rachael Slater, Megan Rossi, Peter M. Irving, Miranda C. Lomer, Chris Probert, A. James Mason, Kevin Whelan
Summary: Baseline faecal and urine metabolites can predict response to the low FODMAP diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Hayley M. Reynolds, Matthew L. Bettini
Summary: This article discusses the importance of understanding the mechanistic roles behind microbiota-immune homeostasis in the rising prevalence of allergy and autoimmune disease in industrialized societies. It also explores the potential for therapeutic interventions in restoring dysbiosis during early life.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Matteo Bronzini, Alessandro Maglione, Rachele Rosso, Manuela Matta, Federica Masuzzo, Simona Rolla, Marinella Clerico
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune-driven demyelination of the central nervous system. Changes in gut microbiome driven by dietary habits may contribute to the increase in MS cases. This review explores the impact of diet on the development and course of MS by feeding the gut microbiome, discussing the role of nutrition, gut microbiota, and potential microbiome-targeted therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Karolina Kazmierczak-Siedlecka, Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka, Jaroslaw Bilinski, Giandomenico Roviello, Luigi Francesco Iannone, Alessandro Atzeni, Bartosz Kamil Sobocki, Karol Polom
Summary: Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a recommended curative therapy for hematologic malignancies, but complications such as graft-versus-host disease, mucositis, and infections can disrupt gut microbiota balance and barrier integrity. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be effective in restoring gut microbiota diversity, although caution is needed with the use of fungal probiotics due to the risk of fungemia/septicemia.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kentaro Shimizu, Masahiro Ojima, Hiroshi Ogura
Summary: Patients with critical illness often experience inflammatory responses that can worsen disease progression. Modulating immune response and preventing infections are crucial in managing systemic inflammation. Maintaining gut microbiota with probiotics and synbiotics can help reduce inflammation and prevent infections among critically ill patients. Further research is needed to advance intestinal therapies for critical care patients.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marta Michalak, Konrad Wojnarowski, Paulina Cholewinska, Natalia Szeligowska, Marcel Bawej, Jakub Pacon
Summary: The increasing production of ruminants has led to a focus on feed additives' impact on the microbiome for improved performance and reduced methane emissions. Research is shifting towards finding safe alternatives to antibiotics as ruminant populations grow.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mihaela Cristina Buhas, Laura Ioana Gavrilas, Rares Candrea, Adrian Catinean, Andrei Mocan, Doina Miere, Alexandru Tataru
Summary: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with autoimmune characteristics, and its pathogenesis is closely related to gut microbiota. Modulation of gut microbiota through dietary approaches or supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics could serve as a novel therapeutic approach for psoriasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mihaela Cristina Buhas, Rares Candrea, Laura Ioana Gavrilas, Doina Miere, Alexandru Tataru, Andreea Boca, Adrian Catinean
Summary: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with autoimmune characteristics. Probiotics and prebiotics supplementation, when combined with topical therapy, have been found to improve disease activity and favorably change gut microbiota in psoriasis patients. This 12-week clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of specific probiotic strains and precision prebiotics in 63 psoriasis patients and found significant improvements in disease measures and gut microbiota composition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ananya Bahuguna, Shiv Kumar Dubey
Summary: Despite the progress in cancer therapeutic strategies, there is still no successful cure for cancer, and the side effects and toxicity of chemotherapy remain major concerns. The human microbiome's significance in cancer pathogenesis is recognized globally. Probiotics and prebiotics are extensively researched for modulating the microbiota, with potential for cancer prevention and treatment. However, the use of probiotics and prebiotics also comes with potential risks and controversies that may have clinical implications. This review focuses on the mechanisms and oncosuppressive effects of probiotics and prebiotics in maintaining intestinal barrier function, modifying the immune system, regulating microbiota metabolism, inhibiting cell proliferation, preventing pathogen colonization, and exerting cytotoxicity against tumor cells.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Abrar Asif, Muhammad Afzaal, Hina Shahid, Farhan Saeed, Aftab Ahmed, Yasir Abbas Shah, Afaf Ejaz, Samia Ghani, Huda Ateeq, Mahbubur Rahman Khan
Summary: Functional foods with bioactive components like probiotics and prebiotics, known as postbiotics, have gained attention for their health-promoting properties. These soluble substances, secreted by living bacteria or released after bacterial lysis, have various signaling molecules with potential antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory, antihypertensive, and antiproliferative activities. Postbiotics have significant applications in pharmaceutical, food, and nutraceutical industries for promoting health and disease prevention.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Shuting Tong, Peiyu Zhang, Qi Cheng, Mo Chen, Xin Chen, Zitao Wang, Xiaoyong Lu, Huaxiang Wu
Summary: This article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in the onset and progression of gout, discusses its importance in the diagnosis and treatment of gout, and explores potential therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
