Article
Biology
Xin Zhang, Fu Yang, Hongyuan Ma, Jingpeng Li
Summary: This study evaluated and screened saline-alkaline-tolerant rice mutants induced by heavy ion beams. The results showed that heavy ion beam radiation is an effective method for breeding new saline-alkaline-tolerant rice cultivars, and the selected mutant lines have excellent production performance under saline-alkaline stress.
Article
Polymer Science
Shinya Mizukami, Yusuke Watanabe, Takahiro Mizoguchi, Tsutomu Gomi, Hidetake Hara, Hideyuki Takei, Nobuhisa Fukunishi, Kenichi L. Ishikawa, Shigekazu Fukuda, Takuya Maeyama
Summary: The study investigates a method using variable flip angle to significantly reduce MRI scanning time for evaluating three-dimensional dose distribution of heavy ion beams, with potential implications for practical applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Karlusic, M. Micetic, M. Kresic, M. Jaksic, B. Santic, I. Bogdanovic-Radovic, S. Bernstorff, H. Lebius, B. Ban-d'Etat, K. Zuzek Rozman, J. H. O'Connell, U. Hagemann, M. Schleberger
Summary: The study demonstrates that by tuning ion energy and fluence, different surface nanopattern morphologies like individual chains of nanohillocks, nanostripes, or nanoscaled ripples can be selected. Chemical etching can be used to create a negative replica of the nanopattern, while thermal annealing in vacuum can remove the surface track, offering new ways for achieving control over nanoscale surface modifications using swift heavy ion beams.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kengo Moribayashi
Summary: The study on plasma created by heavy ion irradiation focused on Debye shield formation, track potential (TP), and the transport of secondary electrons. The Debye shield, generated by electrons surrounding locally positioned ions, is crucial for evaluating damage on the target. The simulation of secondary electrons escaping TP revealed that electron densities forming the Debye shield near the incident ion's path are controlled by Poisson's equation and can be represented by a simple formula based on the solution of the equation.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hongjia Song, Yingdong Liu, Jiaqi Yan, Xiangli Zhong, Jinbin Wang, Hongxia Guo
Summary: The performance degradation of a TiO2-film-based RRAM was investigated under proton irradiation. The results showed that the resistance of the high-resistance state (HRS) decreased with increasing proton fluence, while the resistance of the low-resistance state (LRS) remained constant. The decrease in HRS resistance and SET voltage was attributed to radiation-induced oxygen vacancies and non-lattice oxygen. A mathematical model based on the Voltage Threshold Adaptive Memristor model was constructed to describe the variation in RRAM resistance and voltage with proton irradiation, which agreed well with the experimental results.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zun-Yi Deng, Zhihua Hu, Hong-Jian Feng
Summary: The separation of charges under ion irradiation causes ionization of the material, which is related to DNA or tissue damage, plasma oscillations and material modification. This study investigates the effect of chemical bonding on the initial stage of ionization by building different material models and using real-time density functional theory. The results provide insights into ionization control in radiotherapy, material modification, and plasmon-enhanced applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tonci Tadic, Toni Dunatov, Stjepko Fazinic, Donny Domagoj Cosic, Milko Jaksic, Zdravko Siketic, Milan Vicentijevic, Wataru Kada, Christopher D. Hardie
Summary: The Dual-beam ion irradiation facility for Fusion materials (DiFU) has been developed and installed at the Ruder Boskovic Institute to irradiate fusion materials using one or two ion beams. The facility utilizes a 6 MV EN Tandem Van de Graaff and a 1 MV HVE Tandetron accelerator to deliver ion beams to the DiFU chamber, allowing for irradiation of areas up to 30 x 30 mm(2). The sample holder enables three-dimensional positioning of samples and their irradiation under various temperature conditions. The facility also incorporates measurement devices, such as Faraday cups, slits, thermocouples, IR cameras, and video cameras, to monitor ion flux, irradiation area, and sample conditions during irradiation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohan Sai Kiran Kumar Yadav Nartu, Shristy Jha, Advika Chesetti, Sundeep Mukherjee, Isabella Van Rooyen, Rajarshi Banerjee
Summary: This study investigates the temperature-dependent nanoindentation behavior of a precipitation-strengthened high-entropy alloy processed via additive manufacturing. The hierarchically heterogeneous microstructures achieved through annealing treatments show better performance at elevated temperatures compared to the nearly homogeneous microstructures in the as-deposited state. The hierarchically heterogeneous microstructures also exhibit higher hardness and greater stability at elevated temperatures.
Article
Plant Sciences
Weibin Ren, He Wang, Yan Du, Yan Li, Zhuo Feng, Xinhui Zhou, Guisen Kang, Qingyao Shu, Tao Guo, Huijun Guo, Lixia Yu, Wenjie Jin, Fu Yang, Jingpeng Li, Jianzhong Ma, Wenjian Li, Chaoli Xu, Xia Chen, Xiao Liu, Chenan Yang, Luxiang Liu, Libin Zhou
Summary: This study systematically investigated the effects of heavy ion beam (HIB) on rice. It was found that doses exceeding 125 Gy caused significant physiological damages to rice. The mutation rate peaked at 100 Gy, and 129 mutants with distinct phenotypic variations were isolated from 11,720 M-2 plants, with about 50% showing stable inheritance in the next generation. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of HIB as a breeding tool and provide valuable resources for further genomic research and breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hyungjun Park, Yosuke Narasako, Tomoko Abe, Hisato Kunitake, Tomonari Hirano
Summary: This study applied heavy-ion beam irradiation to sweet potato plants and obtained a series of radiation-induced mutant lines. It was found that radiation caused damage to the DNA of sweet potato and resulted in changes at the chromosomal level. Field screening revealed some mutant lines that showed inhibited or no tuberous root phenotype. The results demonstrated that heavy-ion beam mutagenesis is effective in expanding the range of phenotypes corresponding to tuberous root formation in hexaploid sweet potato.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
C. F. Cruz-Garcia, J. Rickards, M. A. Garcia, L. R. de la Vega, J. Canetas-Ortega, J. G. Morales-Morales, L. Rodriguez-Fernandez
Summary: Surface pattern formation on soda-lime silica glass by Si ion irradiation at an angle of 70° has been studied. The surface morphology and topography were analyzed using SEM and AFM, while EDS scans were applied to study the Si content variation on the obtained patterns. The results show that the surface evolves from flat to ripple, wrinkle, and cellular-like structures under ion bombardment, with the presence of shadowing effects.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junchang Chen, Mingxing Zhang, Jie Shu, Mengjia Yuan, Wenfu Yan, Pu Bai, Linwei He, Nannan Shen, Shicheng Gong, Duo Zhang, Jiong Li, Jiangtao Hu, Rong Li, Guozhong Wu, Zhifang Chai, Jihong Yu, Shuao Wang
Summary: Utilizing high-energy electron beam irradiation as an energy source, the formation reaction of zeolites can be activated rapidly at ambient conditions, leading to significant energy saving and enhanced surface area and heavy metal removal capabilities through the generation of crystal defects and additional pore windows controlled by irradiation dose.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yasuharu Ninomiya, Tatsuhiko Imaoka, Kazuhiro Daino, Shizuko Kakinuma, Tetsuo Nakajima
Summary: This study demonstrates that arsenite can enhance the sensitivity of p53-deficient glioma cells to heavy ion beams and X-rays by inhibiting DNA repair and increasing the percentage of cells in the S/G2/M phases. These findings are of great significance for the development of advanced radiotherapy protocols.
ANTICANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Khanduri, S. A. Khan, Mukesh C. Dimri, J. Link, R. Stern, I Sulania, D. K. Avasthi
Summary: In this study, the perpendicular magnetized tau-phase was achieved in Mn/Al bilayer thin films through ion beam mixing. The effect of annealing and irradiation on the structural, microstructural, and magnetic properties of the films was investigated. It was found that ferromagnetic properties can be modified by selecting proper annealing and irradiation conditions, making them potentially useful for spintronics and magnetic memory devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoou Yi, Yufeng Du, Diancheng Geng, Zihao Li, Wentuo Han, Pingping Liu, Jiming Chen, Kiyohiro Yabuuchi, Kenta Yoshida, Somei Ohnuki, Qian Zhan, Farong Wan, Yasuyoshi Nagai
Summary: The in-reactor performance of CuCrZr/316LN bimetallic plates was investigated by ion irradiation, showing good structural integrity and the presence of a nanocrystalline interlayer. Subsequent annealing experiments demonstrated interlayer evolution starting at 400 degrees C with further acceleration at 600 degrees C, indicating structural collapse at extended time scales. A brief comparison between heavy-ion and neutron irradiation damage highlighted differences in defect production and interfacial transport behavior of chemical elements.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kunimitsu Kaya, Yusuke Kazama, Tomoko Abe, Fujio Shiraishi
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hiroshi Tojo, Aki Nakamura, Ali Ferjani, Yusuke Kazama, Tomoko Abe, Hidetoshi Iida
Summary: This study reports a method for screening mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana with root penetration defects, isolating five mutants named creep1 to creep5 and observing their phenotypes. The mutants exhibited different behaviors in root skewing when growing along impenetrable surfaces, showing the potential of the method to isolate mutants for investigating root mechanical behavior regulation in various plant species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ryuuichi D. Itoh, Kohdai P. Nakajima, Shun Sasaki, Hiroki Ishikawa, Yusuke Kazama, Tomoko Abe, Makoto T. Fujiwara
Summary: Stromules are dynamic membrane-bound tubular structures emanating from plastids in green plants, with potential physiological and developmental roles in stress responses and plant development. A mutant, suba1, with abnormal stromule formation in non-mesophyll tissues was characterized, revealing altered plastid morphology, impaired chloroplast pigmentation, and aberrant lipid droplet accumulation. The mutated gene, TGD5, is involved in ER-to-plastid lipid trafficking, suggesting distinct mechanisms maintaining plastid morphology between mesophyll and non-mesophyll plastids.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alvin Sanjaya, Yusuke Kazama, Kotaro Ishii, Ryohsuke Muramatsu, Kengo Kanamaru, Sumie Ohbu, Tomoko Abe, Makoto T. Fujiwara
Summary: Argon-ion beam mutagenesis induced a pale green mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, named Ar50-33-pg1, with significant shrinkage of mesophyll chloroplasts during the chlorotic process. Genetic analysis revealed a large deletion in chromosome V, including the EGY1 gene, which was found to be responsible for the pale phenotype. Ultrastructural analysis showed disassembled chloroplasts in Ar50-33-pg1 and egy1, indicating the crucial role of EGY1 in chloroplast maintenance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vuong Quoc Nhat, Yusuke Kazama, Kotaro Ishii, Sumie Ohbu, Hisato Kunitake, Tomoko Abe, Tomonari Hirano
Summary: This study identified the role of MED16 in regulating flower and seed sizes by analyzing the ohb1 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. Results showed that MED16 and MED25 shared part of the regulatory pathways for petal size, while genetically independent pathways led to cell size restrictions in floral organs not related to the MED complex. The study also revealed that MED16 was involved in seed size regulation, with the size-regulation pathways differing between floral organs and seeds.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alvin Sanjaya, Ryohsuke Muramatsu, Shiho Sato, Mao Suzuki, Shun Sasaki, Hiroki Ishikawa, Yuki Fujii, Makoto Asano, Ryuuichi D. Itoh, Kengo Kanamaru, Sumie Ohbu, Tomoko Abe, Yusuke Kazama, Makoto T. Fujiwara
Summary: The EGY1 gene encodes a protease involved in chloroplast development in leaf mesophyll cells but is also crucial for chloroplast differentiation in the leaf epidermis, particularly in guard cells. This study revealed that EGY1 mutants showed severe chlorophyll deficiency in both epidermal cell types and exhibited permanent defects in chloroplast formation, highlighting the importance of EGY1 in chloroplast formation and differentiation in leaf tissues.
Article
Cell Biology
Taiki Kobayashi, Masako Takahashi, Ryo Nishijima, Ryuji Sugiyama, Kotaro Ishii, Shigeyuki Kawano, Yusuke Kazama
Summary: This study focused on the optimal timing of root tip sampling for preparing chromosome specimens of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia. The number of mitotic cells peaked 54 hours after germination treatment, indicating the importance of timing in obtaining suitable chromosome specimens. Ice-cold treatment for 8, 16, and 32 hours was used as a chromosome condensation method, with 16 hours producing suitable chromosome specimens showing satellite ends and 32 hours producing well-condensed specimens suitable for counting chromosome numbers.
Article
Cell Biology
Tsuyoshi Takeshita, Kaori Takita, Kotaro Ishii, Yusuke Kazama, Tomoko Abe, Shigeyuki Kawano
Summary: A unique screening method was devised to isolate robust strains of Haemato-coccus pluvialis resistant to environmental stress by irradiating them with heavy-ion beams. Mutants exhibited higher survival rates and stress resistance compared to wild-type strains under severe environmental stress conditions. Strains with excellent carotenoid production showed greater robustness, indicating potential for applications in mutation breeding.
Article
Cell Biology
Kasumi Hashimoto, Yusuke Kazama, Hiroyuki Ichida, Tomoko Abe, Koji Murai
Summary: In this study, the gene WWDR1 responsible for the extra early-flowering trait in the mutant exe4 was identified through whole-genome sequencing and PCR analysis. WWDR1 is a homolog of Arabidopsis genes LWD1 and LWD2, which play a key role in circadian clock regulation. The deletion of WWDR1 in the exe4 mutant leads to the extra-early flowering phenotype.
Article
Cell Biology
Ayaka Matsuta, Takahiro Mayuzumi, Hajime Katano, Masanori Hatashita, Keiichi Takagi, Yoriko Hayashi, Tomoko Abe, Koji Murai, Yusuke Kazama
Summary: The study showed that high-LET heavy-ion beam irradiation is effective in inducing mutations in the M-1 generation of inbred ornamental plants, with different LET values having varied mutation induction effects.
Article
Cell Biology
Wataru Aonuma, Hiroki Kawamoto, Yusuke Kazama, Kotaro Ishii, Tomoko Abe, Shigeyuki Kawano
Summary: The study investigates the evolution of dioecy from hermaphroditism as a mechanism to avoid self-pollination, finding deviations in trade-off relationships in hermaphroditic mutants of Silene latifolia, potentially leading to the promotion of dioecy from the ancestral state. Additionally, comparisons with the flower characteristics of the naturally hermaphroditic plant Silene viscosa raise questions about the functions possessed by the presumed ancestral state of the hermaphroditic mutant S. latifolia, which shows signs of protogyny and approaching herkogamy.
Article
Cell Biology
Tomonari Hirano, Yusuke Kazama, Hisato Kunitake, Tomoko Abe
Summary: Heavy-ion beams have been used as an effective mutagen in plants, and their mutagenic effects are characterized by the linear energy transfer (LET) value. These effects can be observed in plant survival, mutation frequency, and mutation spectrum. When integrating the results, factors such as plant materials, developmental processes, and heredity of induced mutations need to be considered.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yusuke Kazama, Moe Kitoh, Taiki Kobayashi, Kotaro Ishii, Marc Krasovec, Yasuo Yasui, Tomoko Abe, Shigeyuki Kawano, Dmitry A. Filatov
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of separate sexes in plants and identifies a putative sex-determining gene in Silene latifolia. The study suggests that male and female development in S. latifolia is controlled by the WUSCHEL-CLAVATA feedback loop, with X-linked and Y-linked genes playing distinct roles. The findings provide insights into the evolution of dioecy and the genetic mechanisms underlying sex determination in plants.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Junpei Ueda, Yusuke Kazama, Tomoko Abe, Koji Murai
Summary: The late-heading 1 (lh1) mutant, generated by heavy-ion beam irradiation, partially suppresses the early-flowering phenotype of KU104-2. Under field conditions, lh1 plants head about one week later than KU104-2 and show no other significant differences in agricultural traits. Analysis of plant development in a growth chamber reveals that lh1 mutants exhibit a late-flowering phenotype under short-day conditions, associated with down-regulation of the flowering promoter gene VRN1 in the late vegetative phase.
Article
Horticulture
Ryo Nishijima, Alvin Sanjaya, Harue Shinoyama, Yusuke Kazama
Summary: This study investigated the touch stimulus response in flower buds of Dianthus hybrida. The RNA-seq analysis revealed the upregulation and downregulation of certain genes upon touch treatment. Genes encoding protein kinases were significantly abundant among the upregulated genes, suggesting the importance of protein phosphorylation in touch stimulus response. The findings also showed that phosphorelay signaling is a common mechanism for touch stimulus response in both flowers and leaves, although with different players.