Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ramunas Antanaitis, Vida Juozaitiene, Vesta Jonike, Walter Baumgartner, Algimantas Paulauskas
Summary: The study found a direct correlation between lactose concentration and the presence of subclinical mastitis pathogens, suggesting lactose could be used as a diagnostic method. Subclinical mastitis has a negative impact on milk production and quality in dairy herds, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools to control its distribution.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bruno Stefanon, Michela Cintio, Sandy Sgorlon, Elisa Scarsella, Danilo Licastro, Alfonso Zecconi, Monica Colitti
Summary: This study investigated the microRNA (miRNA) cargos of exosomes isolated from milk in relation to the healthy conditions of the mammary gland. Differential expression analysis identified differentially expressed miRNAs in the comparisons between healthy cows, cows at risk of mastitis, and cows with subclinical mastitis. The analysis of miRNA cargos in milk exosomes can be considered as a promising approach to study the complex molecular machinery set in motion in response to mastitis in dairy cows.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ewerton de Souza Lima, Maiara Garcia Blagitz, Camila Freitas Batista, Alexandre Jose Alves, Artur Cezar de Carvalho Fernandes, Eduardo Milton Ramos Sanchez, Hugo Frias Torres, Soraia Araujo Diniz, Marcos Xavier Silva, Alice Maria Melville Paiva Della Libera, Fernando Nogueira de Souza
Summary: This study investigated the effects of BLV infection on mammary gland immunity in dairy cows. Results showed that BLV-infected dairy cows had a higher frequency of viable milk macrophages, while seronegative animals had a higher percentage of milk macrophages that phagocytosed Staphylococcus aureus. BLV infection did not affect the intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) production and phagocytosis intensity by milk macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elisa Scarsella, Alfonso Zecconi, Michela Cintio, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by microorganisms, and recent studies have hypothesized a potential bacterial crossing from the gut to the mammary gland. This research aimed to investigate this phenomenon through microbiome analysis of feces, blood, and milk from cows with different udder health conditions. Results did not confirm the bacterial crossing from gut to milk, and beta biodiversity analysis indicated microbial community changes in the milk of cows with different health conditions. Further investigation is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I Robles, D. T. Nolan, C. A. Fendley, H. L. Stokley, T. L. France, J. L. Ferrell, J. H. C. Costa
Summary: This study aimed to validate a milk leukocyte differential tester for identifying subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Results showed high specificity and accuracy of the on-farm test, indicating its promising potential for detecting subclinical mastitis in practical settings.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Isabel Krebs, Yanchao Zhang, Nicole Wente, Stefanie Leimbach, Volker Kroemker
Summary: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the occurrence of bacteremia in severe mastitis cases of dairy cows. Milk and corresponding blood samples of 77 cases of severe mastitis were bacteriologically examined. Bacteremia occurred in 15.5% of the cases, with the most frequent isolated bacteria being K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. dysgalactiae, and S. uberis. High pathogen shedding and high humidity were associated with the occurrence of bacteremia in severe mastitis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Frantisek Zigo, Zuzana Farkasova, Jana Vyrostkova, Ivana Regecova, Silvia Ondrasovicova, Maria Vargova, Nad'a Sasakova, Ewa Pecka-Kielb, Sarka Bursova, David Sandor Kiss
Summary: This study reveals the issue of mastitis in dairy cows during lactation. Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) are identified as a potential risk factor for dairy cows, along with the major udder pathogens. These NAS strains possess strong virulence factors and show resistance to antimicrobials. Furthermore, multi-drug resistance and the presence of the methicillin resistance gene were detected in some isolates. These findings are crucial for the health and profitability of the dairy industry.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Julia Brennecke, Ulrike Falkenberg, Nicole Wente, Volker Kromker
Summary: The occurrence of bacteremia associated with severe mastitis in dairy cows is not well studied, and its importance lies in developing evidence-based strategies for mastitis therapy. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of bacteremia in lactating cows with severe mastitis by detecting culturable pathogens in blood. The detection of culturable pathogens in the blood of cows with severe clinical mastitis was rare, only occurring in 1.4% of cases. Further studies are needed to estimate the occurrence of bacteremia in severe bovine mastitis.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Endeshaw Demil, Laekemariam Teshome, Yoseph Kerie, Almaz Habtamu, Wondwosen Kumilachew, Tenaw Andualem, Sefinew Alemu Mekonnen
Summary: Subclinical mastitis is a global issue in dairy cattle that affects farmers' income and poses a health risk to humans. This study found a high prevalence of mastitis in dairy cows, with some bacteria showing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Implementing preventive measures and controlling the spread of pathogens is crucial for managing this disease.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chenchen Lyu, Bao Yuan, Yu Meng, Shuai Cong, Haoyu Che, Xingyu Ji, Haoqi Wang, Chengzhen Chen, Xinwei Li, Hao Jiang, Jiabao Zhang
Summary: During the perinatal period, dairy cows' mammary epithelial cells undergo vigorous metabolism and produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts the redox balance and causes oxidative stress, a major cause of mastitis. Puerarin (PUE), a natural flavonoid, has been studied for its potential antioxidant properties. This study investigated the effects of PUE on reducing oxidative damage and mastitis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in bovine mammary epithelial cells in vitro and elucidated the molecular mechanism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chenglin Zhu, Kaiwei Tang, Xuan Lu, Junni Tang, Luca Laghi
Summary: This study characterized the metabolome of mastitic milk using untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, identifying 54 molecules and exploring the mechanisms of milk metabolome variation affected by clinical mastitis. The results offer a deeper understanding of how clinical mastitis alters milk metabolome, serving as a reference for future research in this area.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Awais Ahmed, Matthew Flavel, Shane Mitchell, Gregor Macnab, Manisha Dunuarachchi Dunuarachchige, Aniruddha Desai, Markandeya Jois
Summary: This study assessed the influence of a natural sugarcane extract on milk production, methane emissions, and animal wellbeing in a commercial dairy farm. The results showed that the extract increased milk yield, decreased methane emissions, and reduced bulk tank somatic cell counts.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. M. S. B. K. Ranasinghe, R. M. C. Deshapriya, D. Abeygunawardana, R. Rahularaj, C. M. B. Dematawewa
Summary: The study in major milk-producing areas of Sri Lanka found that subclinical mastitis (SCM) has a high prevalence and is mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of SCM is influenced by factors such as parity, farming system, and region. SCM affects the number of artificial inseminations and the days from calving to artificial insemination in dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mengling Wang, Meng Cai, Xiaoyan Zhu, Xuemei Nan, Benhai Xiong, Liang Yang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles in milk play important roles in mastitis development. This study analyzed milk-derived extracellular vesicles from cows with mastitis and healthy cows using proteomic analysis. Results showed that mammary inflammation alters milk-derived extracellular vesicle protein cargos, particularly antimicrobial peptides. These findings provide valuable insights into the functions and pathways of milk-derived extracellular vesicle proteins.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mariola Bochniarz, Tomasz Piech, Tomasz Kocki, Mateusz Iskra, Henryk Krukowski, Tomasz Jagielski
Summary: The study confirmed that the decrease in tryptophan and its metabolites in milk samples, along with the increase in activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, could be used as markers of mastitis due to Prototheca algae.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Zinicola, H. Korzec, A. G. Teixeira, E. K. Ganda, L. Bringhenti, A. C. C. H. Tomazi, R. O. Gilbert, R. C. Bicalho
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. K. Vasquez, E. K. Ganda, M. B. Capel, S. Eicker, P. D. Virkler, R. C. Bicalho, D. Nydam
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Daniel Weller, Natalie Brassill, Channah Rock, Renata Ivanek, Erika Mudrak, Sherry Roof, Erika Ganda, Martin Wiedmann
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Natalia Carrillo Gaeta, Emily Bean, Asha Marie Miles, Daniel Ubriaco Oliveira Goncalves de Carvalho, Mario Augusto Reyes Aleman, Jeferson Silva Carvalho, Lilian Gregory, Erika Ganda
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Emily Van Syoc, Natalia Carrillo Gaeta, Erika Ganda
Summary: The study compared four DNA extraction methods from two commercially available magnetic-based DNA extraction kits on cloacal swab samples, finding differences in extraction quality and yield but no impact on overall sequencing results. This provides guidance for future poultry microbiome research.
Article
Microbiology
Erika Ganda, Kristen L. Beck, Niina Haiminen, Justin D. Silverman, Ban Kawas, Brittany D. Cronk, Renee R. Anderson, Laura B. Goodman, Martin Wiedmann
Summary: This study focuses on the extraction of DNA from milk samples and discusses the challenges of removing host DNA in milk samples, emphasizing the importance of selecting the most appropriate technology for detecting specific bacteria in each particular sample.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abubakar Siddique, Sara Azim, Amjad Ali, Fazal Adnan, Maryum Arif, Muhammad Imran, Erika Ganda, Abdur Rahman
Summary: Enteric infections like Salmonella spp. are common in poultry, and antibiotic resistance is emerging due to continued use of growth-promoting antibiotics. Probiotics from poultry gut can potentially control antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria from poultry gut, like L. reuteri PFS4, E. faecium PFS13, and E. faecium PFS14, show promise as potential probiotics against multi-drug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. Further research is needed to assess the in vivo potential for controlling Salmonella in poultry and feed.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Natalia C. Gaeta, Ana Marcia de Sa Guimaraes, Jorge Timenetsky, Stephanie Clouser, Lilian Gregory, Erika Ganda
Summary: This study provides the first description of M. ovipneumoniae in Brazilian sheep, revealing the genomic characteristics of the strain and its relatedness to isolates from other countries. This highlights the importance of continuous surveillance and diagnostics of pathogens causing respiratory disease in sheep in Brazil.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carl Basbas, Sharif Aly, Emmanuel Okello, Betsy M. Karle, Terry Lehenbauer, Deniece Williams, Erika Ganda, Martin Wiedmann, Richard Pereira
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of dry cow antimicrobial therapy on udder milk microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing, finding that there was no significant impact post-partum.
Article
Physiology
Emily Van Syoc, Evelyn Weaver, Connie J. Rogers, Justin D. Silverman, Ramesh Ramachandran, Erika Ganda
Summary: Studies suggest that dietary supplementation of metformin affects the gut microbiome of broiler breeder hens in a dose-dependent manner, with results consistent with the effects of metformin treatment in type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome in humans. Metformin supplementation shows promise in improving gut health and reproductive efficiency in broiler breeder hens.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Asha M. Miles, Jessica A. A. McArt, Svetlana F. Lima, Rafael C. Neves, Erika Ganda
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between the gut microbiome and the development of hyperketonemia in early lactation dairy cows, as well as identified potential microbial features related to health status. The results revealed no differences in the fecal microbiomes among health groups, while significant differences were observed in the rumen microbiomes between CON and HYK cows. Interestingly, highly similar microbiome composition was found in the rumen and fecal samples of C-HYK cows, suggesting that these initially healthy cows showed similar microbial composition after the onset of hyperketonemia. It was concluded that hyperketonemia may not be greatly influenced by gut microbial composition, and further studies are needed to explore the exact mechanisms involved.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
V Bay, A. Gillespie, E. Ganda, N. J. Evans, S. D. Carter, L. Lenzi, A. Lucaci, S. Haldenby, M. Barden, B. E. Griffiths, E. Sanchez-Molano, R. Bicalho, G. Banos, A. Darby, G. Oikonomou
Summary: This study investigates the bovine foot skin microbiota and its association with Bovine Digital Dermatitis (BDD) in dairy cows. The results show dysbiosis and differences in taxonomy and functional profiles in the foot skin microbiome of healthy animals that develop BDD lesions. The study also provides evidence of host genetic control of certain members of the foot skin microbiota. Overall, this work contributes to understanding the relationship between the foot skin microbiota and BDD, and provides insights for prevention and selective breeding programs.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Erika Ganda, Anirikh Chakrabarti, Maria I. Sardi, Melissa Tench, Briana K. Kozlowicz, Sharon A. Norton, Lori K. Warren, Ehsan Khafipour
Summary: In this study, supplementation with a yeast-derived postbiotic (SCFP) improved the gut microbiome of horses undergoing stress due to transportation. The horses in the SCFP group had more stable and healthy microbial profiles after the stress challenge.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Matthew Barden, Peter Richards-Rios, Erika Ganda, Luca Lenzi, Richard Eccles, Joseph Neary, Joanne Oultram, Georgios Oikonomou
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Joanne W. H. Oultram, Erika K. Ganda, Sarah C. Boulding, Rodrigo C. Bicalho, Georgios Oikonomou
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2017)