Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Evan C. Lien, Anna M. Westermark, Yin Zhang, Chen Yuan, Zhaoqi Li, Allison N. Lau, Kiera M. Sapp, Brian M. Wolpin, Matthew G. Vander Heiden
Summary: Dietary interventions can impact tumour growth by altering metabolite levels in the tumour microenvironment. While caloric restriction and a ketogenic diet have different effects on tumour growth inhibition, with caloric restriction affecting lipid levels and fatty acid balance, the ketogenic diet influences tumour fatty acid desaturation and composition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katerina Sikorova, Su-Jin Moon, Hee-Young Yoon, Adam Strnad, Jin Woo Song, Martin Petrek
Summary: This study used next-generation sequencing to investigate the role of HLA variation in Korean sarcoidosis patients. The results identified HLA variants associated with sarcoidosis risk and protection in Koreans. This first study provides important data for future meta-analyses on the role of HLA variation in sarcoidosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sa'ed H. Zyoud
Summary: This study provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive data on the trends in publications related to C.difficile infection. The number of published papers on this topic has significantly increased in the past decade. The United States is one of the countries with the highest publication rate. The study identifies three clusters of research areas, including illness spectrum and severity, laboratory diagnosis and characterization, and risk factors for C.difficile infection.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Malin Inghammar, Henrik Svanstrom, Marianne Voldstedlund, Mads Melbye, Anders Hviid, Kare Molbak, Bjorn Pasternak
Summary: In a nationwide study among adults in Denmark, it was found that the use of PPIs is associated with a moderately increased risk of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection. The elevated risk remained up to 1 year after the end of PPI treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jeremy Grossman, Jun Fan, Felicia Allard, Jane Moon, Luis A. Marcos
Summary: This article reports a fatal case of S. stercoralis hyperinfection in an immigrant from rural Ecuador and emphasizes the importance of screening for this parasite in the appropriate clinical scenarios. Various diagnostic methods are introduced to make the diagnosis of S. stercoralis more accessible to practitioners.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Sicilia Perumalsamy, Su Chen Lim, Thomas Riley
Summary: Less is known about Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in children compared to adults, and the rising incidence of CDI in hospitalized pediatric patients, emergence of hypervirulent strains and community-associated CDI (CA-CDI) in the past decade pose a potential threat. This study in a tertiary hospital in Perth, Western Australia, characterized C. difficile isolates from pediatric patients and found various ribotypes and toxin gene profiles. The study provides a baseline for future surveillance of pediatric CDI in Australia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amanda Nadia Diniz, Loren Nery Fontoura Moura, Diogo Soares Goncalves Cruz, Carlos Augusto Oliveira Junior, Henrique Cesar Pereira Figueiredo, Joao Luis Reis Cunha, Eduardo Garcia Vilela, Edward J. Kuijper, Mark H. Wilcox, Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato, Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a global healthcare problem, and new strains continue to emerge. This study characterized three novel Brazilian clade 2 strains of C. difficile and conducted a two-year survey in animals and humans. The results suggest that these new clade 2 strains have virulence potential and continue to emerge in Brazil.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Parvin Ghorbani Filabadi, Ebrahim Rahimi, Amir Shakerian, Zahra Esfandiari
Summary: This study identified the prevalence and genetic diversities of Clostridium difficile contamination in meat nuggets in Isfahan, Iran. Out of 600 food samples, 7 C. difficile strains were found, with a prevalence of 1.17%. The isolated strains were found to be toxigenic and resistant to antibiotics, except for vancomycin. The absence of the tcdC gene in the genome of all isolates may be due to a mutation.
JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peng An Khun, Thomas V. Riley
Summary: This review provides an overview of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in southeast Asia, including its prevalence, detection methods, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and the potential significance of a One Health approach. CDI is a common cause of hospital-acquired gastroenteritis worldwide, with higher rates observed in high-income countries. Lack of knowledge and awareness about CDI, along with antimicrobial abuse and inadequate education on appropriate usage, contribute to its evolution. Underreporting of CDI rates and misuse of antimicrobial agents pose a significant threat in regions like Indochina, while C. difficile RT 017 strain is endemic in southeast Asia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yuan-Pin Hung, Jen-Chieh Lee, Bo-Yang Tsai, Jia-Ling Wu, Hsiao-Chieh Liu, Hsiu-Chuan Liu, Hsiao-Ju Lin, Pei-Jane Tsai, Wen-Chien Ko
Summary: The risk factors of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) vary among hospitalized patients with different lengths of hospital stay. Malignancy, prior cephalosporin, and proton pump inhibitor therapy are independent risk factors for CDAD. Intervention strategies for preventing CDAD may need to be tailored based on the duration of hospital stay.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tebelay Dilnessa, Alem Getaneh, Workagegnehu Hailu, Feleke Moges, Baye Gelaw
Summary: A high prevalence of C. difficile was observed among hospitalized patients, emphasizing the need for attention and prevention. The resistance of C. difficile to metronidazole and vancomycin was lower compared to other antibiotics.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Anna Giuliani, Silvia Lerco, Sabrina Milan Manani, Matteo Marcello, Ilaria Tantillo, Roberto Nicolin, Claudio Ronco, Monica Zanella
Summary: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) associated peritonitis is a common complication leading to discontinuation of PD. Clostridium difficile colitis is a frequent healthcare-associated infection in patients with end-stage kidney disease. PD patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) present a challenging scenario for antibiotic treatment strategy as broad-spectrum antibiotics may worsen CDI-related colitis, while discontinuation of antibiotic therapy may worsen peritonitis.
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dong Youn Kim, Yu-Mi Lee, Ki-Ho Park, Young Jin Kim, Kyung-Chung Kang, Chang Kyun Lee, Mi Suk Lee
Summary: The study revealed that the incidence of hospital-acquired CDI among patients who underwent orthopedic surgery was 0.7%, with factors such as age, preoperative hospital stay, operating time, and antibiotic use associated with CDI. The impact of CDI on excess length of stay was more significant in patients over 65 years old and those with comorbidities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abdur Rafey, Shah Jahan, Umer Farooq, Furqana Akhtar, Memoona Irshad, Summiya Nizamuddin, Azra Parveen
Summary: The strongest association of Clostridium difficile infection is with the use of β-lactamase inhibitors.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aarzoo Gupta, F. N. U. Savanti, Balvender Singh, Priyanka Sachdev, Deepak Raj, Ishan Garg, Suraj K. Aruwani, Faizan Shaukat
Summary: The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been alarmingly increasing, with older age, hospitalization, recent use of proton pump inhibitors, and antibiotics identified as significant risk factors. Additionally, factors like increased body mass index, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and malignancy are associated with a higher incidence of CDI.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Timothy L. McMurry, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Jie Liu, Gagandeep Kang, Margaret N. Kosek, Aldo A. M. Lima, Pascal O. Bessong, Amidou Samie, Rashidul Haque, Estomih R. Mduma, Jose Paulo Leite, Ladaporn Bodhidatta, Najeeha T. Iqbal, Nicola Page, Ireen Kiwelu, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Tahmeed Ahmed, Eric R. Houpt, James A. Platts-Mills
Summary: The study reveals significant variations in the duration of postdiarrheal shedding among different pathogens, with Cryptosporidium and Shigella showing prolonged shedding. Targeted antimicrobial therapy and vaccination for these pathogens could have a significant impact on transmission.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bruna L. L. Maciel, Priscila N. Costa, Jose Q. Filho, Samilly A. Ribeiro, Francisco A. P. Rodrigues, Alberto M. Soares, Francisco S. Junior, Ramya Ambikapathi, Elizabeth T. R. McQuade, Margaret Kosek, Tahmeed Ahmed, Pascal Bessong, Gangadeep Kang, Sanjaya Shresthra, Estomih Mduma, Eliwaza Bayo, Richard L. Guerrant, Laura E. Caulfield, Aldo A. M. Lima
Summary: This study focused on quantitatively analyzing nutrients from infant diets and found that higher intakes of energy and zinc in complementary feeding were associated with decreased risk of undernourishment in children aged 9-24 months. Higher energy and zinc intakes were found to reduce the risk of underweight, wasting, and stunting.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosa Elayne Marques de Freitas, Pedro Henrique Quintela Soares Medeiros, Francisco Adelvane de Paulo Rodrigues, Marco Antonio de Freitas Clementino, Camila Fernandes, Antonio Vinicios Alves da Silva, Mara de Moura Gondim Prata, Paloma Araujo Cavalcante, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Alexandre Havt
Summary: The study found that vitamin A derivatives can enhance survival mechanisms in undernourished intestinal epithelial crypt cells, including increased cell quiescence, decreased apoptosis, enhanced cell differentiation, and transcription of genes related to the MAP kinase signaling pathway.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephanie A. Richard, Benjamin J. J. McCormick, Laura E. Murray-Kolb, Pascal Bessong, Sanjaya K. Shrestha, Estomih Mduma, Tahmeed Ahmed, Gagandeep Kang, Gwenyth O. Lee, Jessica C. Seidman, Erling Svensen, Margaret N. Kosek, Laura E. Caulfield
Summary: The study found that most children showed improved growth from 24 to 60 months, but only a subset had positive changes in HAD and WAD. Growth from 24 to 60 months was associated with the same environmental factors regardless of the metric used.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Benjamin J. J. McCormick, Stephanie A. Richard, Laura E. Murray-Kolb, Gagandeep Kang, Aldo A. M. Lima, Estomih Mduma, Margaret N. Kosek, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Eric R. Houpt, Pascal Bessong, Sanjaya Shrestha, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Tahmeed Ahmed, Laura E. Caulfield
Summary: This study found that exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life was associated with a lower likelihood of detecting certain enteric pathogens and delayed the first detection of some bacterial and viral pathogens in stool samples.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Josh M. Colston, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Eleanor Burnett, Syed Asad Ali, Ajit Rayamajhi, Syed M. Satter, Daniel Eibach, Ralf Krumkamp, Jurgen May, Roma Chilengi, Leigh M. Howard, Samba O. Sow, M. Jahangir Hossain, Debasish Saha, M. Imran Nisar, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Suman Kanungo, Inacio Mandomando, Abu S. G. Faruque, Karen L. Kotloff, Myron M. Levine, Robert F. Breiman, Richard Omore, Nicola Page, James A. Platts-Mills, Ulla Ashorn, Yue-Mei Fan, Prakash Sunder Shrestha, Tahmeed Ahmed, Estomih Mduma, Pablo Penatero Yori, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Pascal Bessong, Maribel P. Olortegui, Aldo A. M. Lima, Gagandeep Kang, Jean Humphrey, Andrew J. Prendergast, Robert Ntozini, Kazuhisa Okada, Warawan Wongboot, James Gaensbauer, Mario T. Melgar, Tuula Pelkonen, Cesar Mavacala Freitas, Margaret N. Kosek
Summary: Diarrheal disease, a major health problem for children, is influenced by climate factors such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. This study analyzed data from multiple countries and found that different enteropathogens have different responses to climate variables. Temperature, soil moisture, and humidity are particularly influential parameters, and climate change may lead to shifts in the relative burden of diarrhea-causing agents.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samilly Albuquerque Ribeiro, Francisco Adelvane de Paula Rodrigues, Marco Antonio de Freitas Clementino, Herlice do Nascimento Veras, Rommulo Celly Lima Siqueira, Pedro Henrique Quintela Soares de Medeiros, Jeanine Morais Pereira, Marcio Flavio Araujo Guanabara Junior, Jose Kleybson de Sousa, Ana Karolina Silva Santos, Armenio Aguiar dos Santos, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel, Alexandre Havt, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of a nutrient-deficient diet on physical development and intestinal barrier function in mice. The results showed that the nutrient-deficient diet reduced weight and weight gain, and led to changes in intestinal barrier function and increased intestinal permeability.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Marco Clementino, Karene F. Cavalcante, Vania A. F. Viana, Dayara de Oliveira Silva, Caroline R. Damasceno, Jessica Fernandes de Souza, Rafhaella N. D. G. Gondim, Daniel M. de Melo Jorge, Lyvia M. V. C. Magalhaes, Erico A. G. de Arruda, Roberto da J. P. Neto, Melissa S. Medeiros, Arnnenio A. dos Santos, Pedro J. C. Magalhaes, Liana P. Mello, Eurico Arruda, Aldo A. M. Lima, Alexandre Havt
Summary: This study adopted the RT-LAMP technique to detect SARS-Cov-2 in patient samples and compared it with the RT-qPCR technique. The results showed that the RT-LAMP technique using primers N5 and Orf9 had a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 85%, with accurate diagnosis obtained only in nasopharyngeal swabs processed via an extraction kit.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Godfrey Guga, Sarah Elwood, Caroline Kimathi, Gagandeep Kang, Margaret N. Kosek, Aldo A. M. Lima, Pascal O. Bessong, Amidou Samie, Rashidul Haque, Jose Paulo Leite, Ladaporn Bodhidatta, Najeeha Iqbal, Nicola Page, Ireen Kiwelu, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jie Liu, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Eric Houpt, James A. Platts-Mills, Estomih R. Mduma
Summary: This study describes the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and seasonality of adenovirus 40/41 diarrhea. Adenovirus 40/41 diarrhea is a common condition in children, especially infants. Children with adenovirus 40/41 diarrhea are more likely to have a fever compared to other viral etiologies, and exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the burden of this illness.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eva Debora de Oliveira Andrade, Amanda de Sousa Reboucas, Jose Q. Filho, Ramya Ambikapathi, Laura E. Caulfield, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel
Summary: The study reveals a decline in the quality of infant feeding practices over the first 2 years of life, with a decrease in breastfeeding and an increase in the consumption of unhealthy and ultra-processed foods.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Stephanie A. Brennhofer, Sarah E. Elwood, Timothy L. McMurry, Joseph A. Lewnard, Estomih R. Mduma, Sanjaya Shrestha, Najeeha Iqbal, Pascal O. Bessong, Gagandeep Kang, Margaret Kosek, Aldo A. M. Lima, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jie Liu, Eric R. Houpt, James A. Platts-Mills
Summary: Children in low-resource settings often carry enteric pathogens without symptoms and are frequently exposed to antibiotics unknowingly. This study found that most antibiotic exposures were not targeted towards the pathogens causing the infection. Respiratory infections and diarrheal illnesses were the main causes of pathogen exposure. Bystander exposure of E. coli to antibiotics was associated with community-level resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship and illness-prevention interventions in low-resource settings could significantly reduce bystander selection and contribute to antimicrobial resistance prevention.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Duarte Bona, Carlos Henrique de Medeiros Torres, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Ana Heloneida de Araujo Morais, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel
Summary: This systematic review assessed the association between obesity with or without MetS and alteration of intestinal barrier permeability in humans. A total of eight studies were included and categorized as moderate to high quality. The findings suggested that impaired intestinal barrier permeability was positively associated with obesity with MetS. However, the evidence quality was assessed to be very low to low according to the GRADE framework.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Rebecca J. Scharf, Erling Svensen, Amber Huggins, Angelina Maphula, Eliwaza Bayo, Ladislaus Blacy, Paula Pamplona E. de Souza, Hilda Costa, Eric R. Houpt, Pascal O. Bessong, Estomih R. Mduma, Aldo A. M. Lima, Richard L. Guerrant
Summary: This study found that Shigella infections and early life inflammation may have an impact on growth and cognitive outcomes during school-aged years among children in low-resource settings. High prevalence of Shigella was associated with lower height-for-age z-score at 6-8 years. However, the associations between Shigella burden and cognitive outcomes were smaller and observed only in the Brazil and Tanzania sites.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jose Q Filho, Francisco S. Junior, Thaisy B. R. Lima, Vania A. F. Viana, Jaqueline S. Burgoa, Alberto M. Soares, Alvaro M. Leite, Simone A. Herron, Hunter L. Newland, Kunaal S. Sarnaik, Gabriel F. Hanson, Jason A. Papin, Sean R. Moore, Aldo A. M. Lima
Summary: The study in Ceara, Brazil found that seasonal influenza transmission starts before national vaccination campaigns, leading to negative perinatal outcomes such as decreased birth weight and increased prematurity rates. It suggests that earlier national immunization campaigns can provide better protection for pregnant women and their fetuses in Ceara and beyond.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juliana Soares Severo, Vilk Janne da Silva Barros, Alda Cassia Alves da Silva, Jose Miguel Luz Parente, Murilo Moura Lima, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Arm Enio Aguiar dos Santos, Emidio Marques Matos Neto, Moises Tolentino
Summary: The systematic review found that glutamine supplementation has no substantial impact on disease course, biochemical parameters, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN
(2021)