Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arash Derakhshan, Tuija Mannisto, Liangmiao Chen, Joris A. J. Osinga, Ghalia Ashoor, Xuemian Lu, Sofie Bliddal, Fang-Biao Tao, Suzanne J. Brown, Bijay Vaidya, Andrew T. Hattersley, Sachiko Itoh, Polina Popova, Ashraf Aminorroaya, Reiko Kishi, Maryam Kianpour, Elena A. Vasukova, Abel Lopez-Bermejo, Emily Oken, Leda Chatzi, Marina Vafeiadi, Wichor M. Bramer, Judit Bassols, Aitana Lertxundi, Ana Fernandez-Somoano, Paula Carrasco, Juha Auvinen, Kun Huang, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Elena N. Grineva, Erik K. Alexander, Elizabeth N. Pearce, Layal Chaker, John P. Walsh, Robin P. Peeters, Monica Guxens, Eila Suvanto, Kypros H. Nicolaides, Tim I. M. Korevaar
Summary: This study explores the association between gestational FT3 and TT3 levels and adverse obstetric outcomes. The findings suggest that FT3 and TT3 levels have different associations with various adverse obstetric outcomes, with high TT3 associated with an increased risk of gestational hypertension and low TT3 associated with a higher risk of very preterm birth.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ethan K. Gough, Thaddeus J. Edens, Hyun Min Geum, Iman Baharmand, Sandeep K. Gill, Ruairi C. Robertson, Kuda Mutasa, Robert Ntozini, Laura E. Smith, Bernard Chasekwa, Florence D. Majo, Naume Tavengwa, Batsirai Mutasa, Freddy Francis, Lynnea Carr, Joice Tome, Rebecca J. Stoltzfus, Lawrence H. Moulton, Andrew J. Prendergast, Jean H. Humphrey, Amee R. Manges
Summary: The study in rural Zimbabwe found that the maternal intestinal microbiome composition and functions during pregnancy are closely related to infant birth weight and growth outcomes, with resistant starch-degrading bacteria playing a key role in predicting birth outcomes.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Farzaneh Mardali, Somaye Fatahi, Maryam Alinaghizadeh, Hamed Kord Varkaneh, Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Farzad Shidfar, Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman
Summary: The study found that women with preeclampsia had significantly lower levels of vitamin B12 compared to normotensive pregnant women. Subgroup analyses did not identify the sources of heterogeneity.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faustino R. Perez-Lopez, Maria T. Lopez-Baena, Seshadri Reddy Varikasuvu, Rebeca Ruiz-Roman, Marta Fuentes-Carrasco, Ricardo Saviron-Cornudella
Summary: The meta-analysis revealed that gravids with preeclampsia or gestational hypertension had lower levels of kisspeptin compared to normotensive controls, as well as lower gestational ages and birth weights, and higher body mass indices and blood pressures.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Yuan Wang, Zhifang Chen, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study included 8 studies (14,213 pregnancies) and found that decreased levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C during pregnancy were risk factors for the delivery of SGA infants. No significant association was observed between HDL-C levels and SGA delivery.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lan-Wan Wang, Hung-Chih Lin, Ming-Luen Tsai, Yu-Tzu Chang, Yu-Chia Chang
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. It found that children born to mothers with HDP had higher rates of preterm-birth and small-for-gestational-age, both of which are risk factors for ASD. The study also suggested that HDP may not be a major contributor to ASD, but rather preterm-birth and SGA play a moderating role in increasing ASD risks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Xiaoxue Wang, Yudong Pu, Shiwei Ai, Haixia Liu, Shuzhen He, Zhilan Li, Yuhui Dang
Summary: This study found that mercury exposure is associated with preeclampsia and adverse birth outcomes. Pregnant women with higher levels of mercury in their blood are more likely to develop mild and severe preeclampsia, as well as have low birth weight and preterm birth.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Martina Barchitta, Roberta Magnano San Lio, Maria Clara La Rosa, Claudia La Mastra, Giuliana Favara, Giuliana Ferrante, Fabiola Galvani, Elisa Pappalardo, Carla Ettore, Giuseppe Ettore, Antonella Agodi, Andrea Maugeri
Summary: Limited evidence exists on the effects of maternal dietary patterns on birth weight, and most studies conducted so far did not adjust their findings for gestational age and sex, leading to potentially biased conclusions. In this study, a novel method was applied to derive dietary patterns among pregnant women and evaluate the associations with birth weight for gestational age. The findings suggest that adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern is associated with an increased likelihood of having a large for gestational age newborn.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuntian Xia, Jingyuan Xiao, Yongfu Yu, Wan-Ling Tseng, Eli Lebowitz, Andrew Thomas DeWan, Lars Henning Pedersen, Jorn Olsen, Jiong Li, Zeyan Liew
Summary: The study found a decreasing trend in the incidence rates of various neuropsychiatric disorders from preterm births to term births, with early term babies showing slightly higher rates of neuropsychiatric diagnoses compared to term babies.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zixing Zhong, Qingmei Yang, Chu Li, Xiaohong Chen, Feifei Zhou
Summary: This study demonstrates that maternal lead exposure is associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy. The association is present even in low blood lead levels. The conclusion should be taken seriously and women should avoid unexpected exposure to a lead-containing environment as much as possible.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dorina Greff, Szilard Vancsa, Alex Varadi, Julia Szinte, Sunjune Park, Peter Hegyi, Peter Nyirady, Nandor Acs, Eszter Maria Horvath, Szabolcs Varbiro
Summary: Inositol supplementation has a positive effect on preventing gestational diabetes, reducing the incidence of GDM and glucose levels, as well as decreasing the risk of insulin need and maternal complications.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Pilar M. Sanjuan, Kathryn Fokas, J. Scott Tonigan, Melissa C. Henry, Korinna Christian, Andrea Rodriguez, Jessica Larsen, Nicole Yonke, Lawrence Leeman
Summary: Prenatal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with higher risks of low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and reduced gestational age (GA). The findings suggest a need for increased prenatal PTSD screening and effective prenatal interventions to improve maternal and child outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroaki Tanaka, Junichi Hasegawa, Shinji Katsuragi, Kayo Tanaka, Tatsuya Arakaki, Masamitsu Nakamura, Eijiro Hayata, Masahiko Nakata, Takeshi Murakoshi, Akihiko Sekizawa, Isamu Ishiwata, Tomoaki Ikeda
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between maternal mortality and advanced maternal age in Japan, revealing significantly higher mortality rates in women over 40 years. The most common cause of death in this age group was hemorrhagic stroke, with more than half of these cases being associated with preeclampsia. These findings highlight the importance of considering these risks for older pregnant women and healthcare providers involved in their care.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gonzalo Jorquera, Romina Fornes, Gonzalo Cruz, Samanta Thomas-Valdes
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the association between polyphenol-rich food consumption during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE). Through systematic search and meta-analysis, it was found that there is no conclusive association between polyphenol consumption and the development of GDM and PE.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kai-Lun Hu, Chun-Xi Zhang, Panpan Chen, Dan Zhang, Sarah Hunt
Summary: There is an association between vitamin D (VitD) status and the risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy, with deficiency or insufficiency of VitD increasing the risk.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lise A. Arge, Siri E. Haberg, Allen J. Wilcox, Oyvind Naess, Olga Basso, Maria C. Magnus
Summary: History of miscarriage is associated with decreased fecundability, while subfertility is linked to higher risk of miscarriage in subsequent pregnancies.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Oskar Halfdanarson, Jacqueline M. Cohen, Oystein Karlstad, Carolyn E. Cesta, Marte-Helene Bjork, Siri Eldevik Haberg, Kristjana Einarsdottir, Kari Furu, Mika Gissler, Vidar Hjellvik, Helle Kieler, Maarit K. Leinonen, Mette Norgaard, Buket Ozturk Essen, Sinna Pilgaard Ulrichsen, Johan Reutfors, Helga Zoega
Summary: The study found that there is little to no increased risk of children developing ADHD or ASD after in utero exposure to antipsychotics, offering reassurance for women who need to use antipsychotics during pregnancy.
EVIDENCE-BASED MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marte-Helene Bjork, Helga Zoega, Maarit K. Leinonen, Jacqueline M. Cohen, Julie Werenberg Dreier, Kari Furu, Nils Erik Gilhus, Mika Gissler, Oskar Halfdanarson, Jannicke Igland, Yuelian Sun, Torbjorn Tomson, Silje Alvestad, Jakob Christensen
Summary: This study found that prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children, especially when exposed to topiramate, valproate, and certain duotherapies.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Richard Wyss, Chen Yanover, Tal El-Hay, Dimitri Bennett, Robert W. Platt, Andrew R. Zullo, Grammati Sari, Xuerong Wen, Yizhou Ye, Hongbo Yuan, Mugdha Gokhale, Elisabetta Patorno, Kueiyu Joshua Lin
Summary: This paper surveys current approaches and recent advancements for high-dimensional proxy confounder adjustment in healthcare database studies, focusing on feature generation, covariate prioritization, selection, and adjustment, as well as diagnostic assessment. While there is a large literature on methods for high-dimensional confounder prioritization/selection, there is relatively little written on best practices for feature generation and diagnostic assessment, indicating particular limitations and challenges in these areas. Machine-learning algorithms are showing promise in supplementing investigator-specified variables to improve confounding control in pharmacoepidemiologic studies, but further research is needed on best practices for feature generation and diagnostic assessment in this context.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ugochinyere Vivian Ukah, Wusiman Aibibula, Robert W. Platt, Natalie Dayan, Pauline Reynier, Kristian B. Filion
Summary: Through a systematic review, we found that time-related biases occur frequently in observational studies of drug effects during pregnancy, with the majority being immortal time bias. Studies with time-related biases were more likely to show protective or null associations. The use of appropriate study design and analytical approaches is critical for preventing time-related biases and ensuring study validity.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Di Shu, Michael Webster-Clark, Robert W. Platt, Sengwee Toh
Summary: The purpose of this study is to conceptualize a specific target population and estimand for multi-site pharmacoepidemiologic studies within data networks and to compare sample-standardization as a meta-analytic method with inverse-variance weighted meta-analyses. The results suggest that sample-standardization is a valid approach for generating causal inference in multi-site studies, even in the presence of treatment effect heterogeneity by site. It is recommended that multi-site studies clearly specify the target population and estimand to select the most appropriate meta-analytic method.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jacqueline M. Cohen, Silje Alvestad, Carolyn E. Cesta, Marte-Helene Bjork, Maarit K. Leinonen, Mette Norgaard, Kristjana Einarsdottir, Anders Engeland, Mika Gissler, Oystein Karlstad, Kari Klungsoyr, Ingvild Odsbu, Johan Reutfors, Randi M. Selmer, Torbjoern Tomson, Sinna Pilgaard Ulrichsen, Helga Zoega, Kari Furu
Summary: This study compares the safety of different antiseizure medications in monotherapy during pregnancy regarding the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs). The study found that lamotrigine monotherapy does not significantly increase the risk of MCMs compared to pregnancies without antiseizure medication exposure. However, valproate and topiramate are associated with an increased risk of MCMs, while carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam do not pose an increased risk.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jeremy A. Rassen, Patrick Blin, Sebastian Kloss, Romain S. Neugebauer, Robert W. Platt, Anton Pottegard, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Sengwee Toh
Summary: This article provides an overview of the high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) method and recommendations for its planning, implementation, and reporting in longitudinal healthcare databases. A checklist is provided as a decision tool to aid researchers and decision-makers in understanding and interpreting studies using hdPS techniques.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Allen J. Wilcox, Olga Basso
Summary: Reduced birthweight is a marker of pathologies that impair growth and decrease survival. Fetal growth restriction affects a small percentage of births but has a high neonatal mortality risk. The prevalence of these pathological births has remained stable over time, while neonatal mortality has declined. Public health strategies should focus on factors unrelated to birthweight that have contributed to the reductions in neonatal mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Thomas P. A. Debray, Gabrielle Simoneau, Massimiliano Copetti, Robert W. Platt, Changyu Shen, Fabio Pellegrini, Carl de Moor
Summary: Real-world data sources provide opportunities to compare treatment effectiveness in practical clinical settings, but relevant outcomes are often selectively recorded and collected at irregular times. This study proposes an extension of multilevel multiple imputation methods to analyze real-world outcome data collected at irregular observation times. The multilevel multiple imputation approach is shown to produce less biased treatment effect estimates and improve the coverage of confidence intervals, even when outcomes are missing not at random.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Olga Basso, Gabriel D. Shapiro, Robert Gagnon, Robyn Tamblyn, Robert W. Platt
Summary: This study found that ovulatory disorders were consistently associated with a higher prevalence of congenital malformations (including severe malformations) among live births, regardless of mode of conception.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sonia M. Grandi, Ya-Hui Yu, Pauline Reynier, Robert W. Platt, Oriana H. Y. Yu, Kristian B. Filion
Summary: This study emulated a target trial to estimate the effect of initiating levothyroxine on pregnancy loss among pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism. The findings suggest that initiating levothyroxine may be associated with a lower risk of pregnancy loss.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael Webster-Clark, Sengwee Toh, Jonathan Arnold, Kathleen M. McTigue, Thomas Carton, Robert Platt
Summary: This study aims to discuss how distributed networks address external validity, define key terms related to external validity, and analyze the approaches of the Sentinel system, CNODES, and PCORnet in dealing with external validity.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Zachary Bouck, Andrea C. Tricco, Laura C. Rosella, Hailey R. Banack, Matthew P. Fox, Robert W. Platt, M-j Milloy, Kora DeBeck, Kanna Hayashi, Dan Werb
Summary: Current first-line oral opioid agonist treatment (OAT) seems to reduce the likelihood that people who inject drugs help others initiate injecting, especially among those who inject opioids less frequently at baseline.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS
(2023)
