Article
Fisheries
Denis Chabot, Yangfan Zhang, Anthony P. Farrell
Summary: This analysis discusses the challenges in selecting valid and precise oxygen uptake (MO2) measurements by focusing on retaining only the slopes of declining dissolved oxygen level in respirometers with high coefficient of determination r(2) values, but acknowledges that this method may not always effectively exclude nonlinear slopes. The risk of overestimating the standard metabolic rate (SMR) of fish due to potentially removing linear slopes with low r(2) values is highlighted, prompting the proposal of diagnostic tools and solutions to address this issue, including adjusting the minimum acceptable r(2) value and processing the raw dissolved oxygen signal to improve signal-to-noise ratio and r(2) values.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Pavol Prokop, Jan Okrouhlik
Summary: The research found that there are metabolic costs associated with holding a nuptial gift for males, which may explain why males choose to deceive by giving cheaper gifts.
ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Svenja Strauss, David Grijalva Garces, Juergen Hubbuch
Summary: Three-dimensional bioprinting, especially extrusion-based printing, is evolving as a discipline in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, the lack of standardized analytics hinders knowledge transfer between laboratories for newly developed bioinks and printing processes. This study establishes a standardized method to compare printed structures by controlling the extrusion rate of each bioink. The printing accuracy is evaluated using image-processing tools, and the effect on cell viability is examined through cell staining and analysis.
Article
Physiology
A. Little, C. Pasparakis, J. Stieglitz, M. Grosell
Summary: This study aimed to determine the metabolic cost of esophageal and intestinal osmoregulatory processes by estimating ATP consumption from known ion transport rates and pathways. The results showed that osmoregulation accounts for about 2.5% of the standard metabolic rates and the intestinal metabolic rate is 3.2 times higher than the whole animal mass specific rate.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Matthias Nemeth, Bettina Meidlinger, Elisabeth Barnreiter, Bernard Wallner, Eva Millesi
Summary: This study measured oxygen consumption in female guinea pigs at different reproductive stages and found that estrus is energetically demanding, likely due to catabolic effects of estrogens and cortisol. Understanding the energetic requirements associated with different reproductive stages is important for future physiological and behavioral studies.
Article
Biology
Caleb L. Loughran, Blair O. Wolf
Summary: In lizards, there is a wide variation in their ability to cool down through panting, which affects how long they can tolerate high heat levels. This study examines the relationship between panting, temperature regulation, evaporative water loss, and metabolic costs in 17 lizard species. The results show that the capacity for evaporative cooling varies among species and significantly affects lizards' ability to dissipate heat. Evaporation rates ranged from 0.32 to 1.5 g H2O h-1, with lizards losing up to 6% of their body mass per hour while panting. Despite experiencing an increase in metabolic rate, the energetic costs of panting remained relatively low compared to evaporative water loss. The overall rate of evaporative heat loss is positively correlated with the maximum temperature difference a species can maintain. This study highlights the importance of considering the metabolic and water balance costs associated with evaporative cooling in hot environments.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Vernerova, Luiz Felipe Garcia-Souza, Ondrej Soucek, Milan Kostal, Vit Rehacek, Lenka Kujovska Krcmova, Erich Gnaiger, Ondrej Sobotka
Summary: Human platelets have multiple functions, but their examination is limited by the lack of standardized methods. Different isolation methods yield platelets with varying mitochondrial metabolic profiles, which can be resolved through simple washing steps.
Article
Ecology
Tanya S. Prinzing, Yangfan Zhang, Nicholas C. Wegner, Nicholas K. Dulvy
Summary: This study found that analytical choices in estimating maximum metabolic rate in water-breathing animals can affect the comparability of results, recommending the use of a rolling regression model and explicit reporting of analytical methods.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Gwangseok R. Yoon, Forrest Bjornson, David Deslauriers, W. Gary Anderson
Summary: This study evaluated metabolic rate measurement techniques in lake sturgeon throughout the first year of life, with findings indicating lower aerobic scope values in younger fish. Exercise duration affected MMR measurement in older fish, while exercise sequence did not influence metabolic rate measurements in younger fish. Furthermore, there was no strong correlation between metabolic rate and measured behaviors in lake sturgeon at either age.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mirela Cretu, Raluca-Cristina Guriencu, Lorena Dediu, Maria-Desimira Stroe
Summary: This study compared the oxygen consumption of beluga, sterlet, and their hybrid in different weight intervals, finding that sterlet had a higher metabolic rate compared to beluga and the hybrid. The scaling coefficient showed a closed isometry for the hybrid, while a reduction in oxygen consumption with increasing body mass was observed in the purebred species.
Article
Engineering, Geological
D. Grgic, M. Moumni, A. Giraud, R. de La Vaissiere, J. Talandier
Summary: This paper presents laboratory permeability tests on Callovo-Oxfordian claystone from Meuse/Haute-Marne using both steady-state and pulse decay methods. The focus is on explaining why permeability values obtained with the steady-state method are lower than those obtained with the pulse decay method and in situ measurements. The study also evaluates the influence of water chemistry and test duration on permeability values and their impact on mechanical properties.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Shiyin Sha, Ashley P. Dyson, Gholamreza Kefayati, Ali Tolooiyan
Summary: Debris flow events have catastrophic consequences for the environment, infrastructure, and human life. Mitigation of these events requires the use of barriers placed strategically to impede flow. However, the benefits of different numerical methods for debris flow modeling and barrier analysis are unclear.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
B. Hohermuth, M. Kramer, S. Felder, D. Valero
Summary: The research shows that bubble velocities obtained from intrusive probes have been underestimated due to bubble-probe interactions, leading to a proposed correction method. The study highlights a significant velocity bias in laboratory scale investigations, potentially affecting the extrapolation of results.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kevin J. Lyons, Jenni Ikonen, Anna-Maria Hokajarvi, Teemu Rasanen, Tarja Pitkanen, Ari Kauppinen, Katharina Kujala, Pekka M. Rossi, Ilkka T. Miettinen
Summary: Groundwater quality monitoring often relies on sporadic and slow manual sampling and laboratory analyses, which may result in undetected water quality deficiencies. In Finland, enhanced monitoring of untreated groundwater quality using real-time online monitoring, isotopic analysis, and microbial community analysis revealed indications of surface water intrusion and faecal contamination. The findings demonstrated the usefulness of supplementary methods and suggested their wider implementation to enhance groundwater quality monitoring.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Zaiyang Zhou, Jianzhong Ge, D. S. van Maren, Zheng Bing Wang, Yu Kuai, Pingxing Ding
Summary: The study investigates the lateral transport mechanisms of suspended sediment in a heavily engineered and turbid channel-shoal system in the Changjiang Estuary using high-resolution modeling and in situ observations. Two typical transport patterns during slack-water conditions are identified, with groyne fields playing a crucial role in sediment transport dynamics. The balance between seaward advection, tidal pumping, and gravitational circulation shapes the turbidity maximum, while lateral flows during slack-water conditions significantly impact estuarine channel morphology.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eva M. Kovacs, Chris Roelfsema, James Udy, Simon Baltais, Mitchell Lyons, Stuart Phinn
Summary: The authors developed a machine learning and cloud processing protocol to map seagrass meadows in Moreton Bay, Australia. By incorporating field-survey data, satellite imagery, and a bathymetric layer, they trained a random forest classifier to accurately map seagrass presence/absence. The method proved effective and generated a bay-wide map.
Article
Ecology
Phillip B. McKenna, Alex M. Lechner, Lorna Hernandez Santin, Stuart Phinn, Peter D. Erskine
Summary: This paper evaluates the capability of remote sensing data for monitoring ecosystem restoration and proposes a combination of remote sensing with the ecological recovery wheel (ERW) for improved restoration outcomes.
RESTORATION ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
D. L. Livsey, J. R. Crosswell, R. D. R. Turner, A. D. L. Steven, P. R. Grace
Summary: This study found that flocculation occurs in all rivers along the Great Barrier Reef coastline, resulting in an order-of-magnitude difference in particle size between in-situ and dispersed sediment. Machine learning algorithms showed promise in predicting in-situ particle size. Hydrodynamics were found to be more important than inter-catchment differences in controlling particle size.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mathew A. Vanderklift, Dorothee Herr, Catherine E. Lovelock, Daniel Murdiyarso, Jacqueline L. Raw, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: The protection, management and restoration of vegetated ecosystems can help reduce net greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming. However, the complexity of international policy and carbon market frameworks may hinder stakeholders from leveraging the potential of natural climate solutions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Oceanography
Joseph R. Crosswell, Francisco Bravo, Ivan Perez-Santos, Geoffrey Carlin, Nagur Cherukuru, Cassie Schwanger, Rob Gregor, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: This study examines the functional differences between three major fjords in the Chiloe Inland Sea (CIS) in northern Patagonia and identifies the external forcing and local geomorphology as key factors shaping biogeochemical cycling in fjords. The findings have important implications for the sustainable management of fjords and adaptation to climate change and anthropogenic stressors.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Qin, Tim R. McVicar, Jing Huang, Sam West, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: This paper discusses the differences between satellite-derived and ground measured surface solar irradiance (SSI) direct and diffuse components, and highlights the impacts of these differences when validating satellite-derived data using ground measurements. The study finds that the satellite-ground mismatch can lead to significant validation errors, particularly in the case of short-term data. The findings underscore the need for a better understanding and assessment of the real quality of satellite SSI products.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noam Levin, Stuart Phinn
Summary: In this study, a combination of optical and radar sensors, as well as nighttime and daytime sensors, was used to monitor and evaluate the impact of a flood event in Australia during the summer of 2022. By utilizing various imagery data and a new spectral index, the extent of flooding was accurately mapped, and changes in electricity usage were analyzed as a proxy for flood impact.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aaron Aeberli, Andrew Robson, Stuart Phinn, David W. Lamb, Kasper Johansen
Summary: This research successfully distinguished banana plants infested with spider mites from those unaffected using field-based spectroscopy, demonstrating that remote sensing approaches can accurately detect mite infestations. Multispectral sensors have the potential to provide a more commercially accessible means of detecting outbreaks, showcasing the importance of utilizing advanced technology in agriculture.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leonard Hambrecht, Arko Lucieer, Zbynek Malenovsky, Bethany Melville, Ana Patricia Ruiz-Beltran, Stuart Phinn
Summary: Remotely sensing morphological traits can assess functional diversity of forests regardless of spatial scale. Trait probability density (TPD) is a computationally intensive method for calculating functional diversity, but using kernel density estimator (KDE) is more efficient than one-class support vector machine (SVM) when the number of input traits is high. Dimension reduction techniques and appropriate kernel size are recommended for optimizing TPD calculations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kadija Oubelkheir, Phillip W. W. Ford, Nagur Cherukuru, Lesley A. A. Clementson, Caroline Petus, Michelle Devlin, Thomas Schroeder, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: In January 2013, tropical cyclone Oswald caused significant flooding in the North-East coast of Australia, resulting in substantial changes in physical, biogeochemical and optical properties of Princess Charlotte Bay. The freshwater outflows from the Normanby and Kennedy rivers played a major role in these changes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aaron Aeberli, Stuart Phinn, Kasper Johansen, Andrew Robson, David W. Lamb
Summary: Traditional methods of phenological monitoring for banana plantations are labor-intensive and time-inefficient. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology can provide high-resolution individual plant monitoring, facilitating the determination of banana plant growth stages and yield forecasting.
Editorial Material
Communication
Daniel Gorman, Mark S. Wilson, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: This article describes a successful training program that aims to communicate the value of blue carbon ecosystems to young professionals from developing countries. The program is hosted in Australia and provides instruction on various aspects of blue carbon science. Despite the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, participants increased their knowledge of blue carbon science by 58% to 74%. The training program equips participants with the necessary skills and knowledge to address the major challenges facing marine environments in their home countries.
SCIENCE COMMUNICATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David Blondeau-Patissier, Thomas Schroeder, Gopika Suresh, Zhibin Li, Foivos I. Diakogiannis, Paul Irving, Christian Witte, Andrew D. L. Steven
Summary: This study describes the development and testing of a semi-automated oil slick detection system tailored to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) marine park solely based on EO data. The study uses a large, curated, historical global dataset of SAR imagery to assess classification techniques.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Bagus Setiabudi Wiwoho, Stuart Phinn, Neil McIntyre
Summary: This study investigates the land-use changes in Java's Brantas River Basin, showing that major transitions occurred from forest to shrubs, dryland agriculture, and urban areas during 1995-2015. The drivers of these changes include economic, social, technological, and biophysical attributes, as indicated by land-user questionnaires. The heterogeneity and scale-dependence of the land-use change process are highlighted by the combination of these two approaches.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Andrew Clark, Stuart Phinn, Peter Scarth
Summary: Data pre-processing is important for developing a generalised land use and land cover (LULC) deep learning model using earth observation data. This paper trialled different methods of data preparation for Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) training and achieved accurate classification of LULC features in aerial photography. The results suggest that stratified random sampling, smaller batch sizes, data augmentations, scaling, and averaging multiple grids of patches improved the model accuracy and aesthetic result.