Article
Environmental Sciences
Nai-Chia Fan, Hsin-Yi Huang, Shih-Ling Wang, Yu-Lun Tseng, Ju Chang-Chien, Hui-Ju Tsai, Tsung-Chieh Yao
Summary: This study found that exposure to vanadium and manganese had negative effects on lung function among young children in the general population. Children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke were more susceptible to the adverse effects of vanadium and manganese exposure on lung function.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruyi Liang, Xiaobing Feng, Da Shi, Bin Wang, Yongfang Zhang, Wei Liu, Linling Yu, Zi Ye, Min Zhou, Weihong Chen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between pyrethroid exposure and glucose homeostasis, as well as the interaction between obesity and pyrethroid exposure. The findings indicated that pyrethroid exposure was associated with glucose dyshomeostasis, and the association between pyrethroid exposure and increased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level was enhanced by general obesity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michael Hendryx, Juhua Luo
Summary: This study found that women had significantly higher concentrations of parabens than men, and higher exposure to ethyl, methyl, butyl, and total parabens was associated with greater mortality risk for women. Conversely, exposure concentrations were only associated with higher mortality risk for men in relation to ethyl paraben.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuhui Lin, Yu Yuan, Yang Ouyang, Hao Wang, Yang Xiao, Xinjie Zhao, Handong Yang, Xiulou Li, Huan Guo, Meian He, Xiaomin Zhang, Guowang Xu, Gaokun Qiu, Tangchun Wu
Summary: Exposure to metals has been linked to various cardio-metabolic disorders. A study investigating the association between exposure to multiple metals and metabolic responses identified several novel metal-associated pathways. The study also found significant interactions between certain metals in their association with specific metabolites.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Soonsu Shin, Jae-Hong Ryoo
Summary: This study aimed to identify modifiable factors related to urinary BPA levels in Korean children. Through an environment-wide association study and machine learning-based regression analysis, two factors, urinary cotinine levels and the use of slime or clay toys, were found to be positively associated with urinary BPA levels in preschoolers.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Iman Moussa, Rena S. Day, Ruosha Li, Ahmed Kaseb, Prasun K. Jalal, Carrie Daniel-MacDougall, Rikita I. Hatia, Ahmed Abdelhakeem, Asif Rashid, Yun Shin Chun, Donghui Li, Manal M. Hassan
Summary: This study found an inverse association between monounsaturated fatty acid intake and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, and a direct association between total polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and HCC risk. Omega-6 PUFA intake was directly associated with HCC risk, while long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake was inversely associated with HCC risk. No significant association was observed for saturated fat and HCC risk.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xue Yang, Qingping Xue, Ying Wen, Yichao Huang, Yi Wang, Gaga Mahai, Tong Yan, Yanjun Liu, Tao Rong, Yixin Wang, Da Chen, Shuqin Zeng, Chun-Xia Yang, Xiong-Fei Pan
Summary: The present study found associations between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Participants with higher PAH exposure had increased prevalence of MetS and related symptoms. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and diet quality may modify the associations between PAH exposure and MetS.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jie Zhang, Jundi Jia, Runmin Lai, Xinyi Wang, Xuanye Chen, Wende Tian, Qiyu Liu, Jingen Li, Jianqing Ju, Hao Xu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among U.S. adults. The results showed a positive and non-linear association between DII and ASCVD, with the relationship being more pronounced in females.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhengce Wan, Mingyang Wu, Qing Liu, Gaojie Fan, Qing Fang, Xiya Qin, Xukuan Zhang, Yongman Lv, Youjie Wang, Jianing Bi, Lulu Song
Summary: This study investigated the independent and joint associations of metal exposure with arterial stiffness. The results showed that the concentrations of copper and chromium were associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness. These findings provide a target for preventative strategies against cardiovascular aging.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yufan Ma, Chunmei Liang, Zihan Wang, Xing Wang, Liangliang Xie, Shuman Tao, Shuangqin Yan, Xiaoyan Wu, Zhaolian Wei, Juan Tong, Xingyong Tao, Fangbiao Tao
Summary: This study explored the relationship between prenatal exposure to metals and blood pressure in children aged 5-6 years. It found that exposure to arsenic and mercury during pregnancy was associated with altered blood pressure in children. Multiple metals had a significant positive joint effect on children's blood pressure, and there may be an interaction between arsenic and mercury. The third trimester was identified as an important window of opportunity to mitigate the effects of metal exposure on children's blood pressure and long-term health.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lu Zhang, Jiahui Yin, Jinling Li, Haiyang Sun, Yuanxiang Liu, Jiguo Yang
Summary: This study investigated the association between dietary caffeine intake and severe headaches or migraines among American adults. The findings showed that a 100 mg/day increase in dietary caffeine intake was associated with a 5% increase in the prevalence of severe headache or migraine. Moreover, the prevalence of severe headache or migraine was 42% higher with caffeine intake of ≥ 400 mg/day compared to those with caffeine intake of 0 to < 40 mg/day.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui-ru Li, Xi-hang Fu, Ling-ling Song, Man-qiu Cen, Jing Wu
Summary: This study found an association between pyrethroid exposure and the risk of depressive symptoms. The levels of urinary 3-PBA were non-linearly related to the risk of depressive symptoms, and trouble sleeping may mediate this association.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nathaniel Rothman, Roel Vermeulen, Luoping Zhang, Wei Hu, Songnian Yin, Stephen M. Rappaport, Martyn T. Smith, Dean P. Jones, Mohammad Rahman, Qing Lan, Douglas Walker
Summary: The study revealed that exposure to benzene can disrupt fatty acid uptake and energy metabolism, increase oxidative stress, and interfere with mitochondrial pathways. Benzene exposure was also found to impact multiple metabolic pathways, consistent with previous findings in animal models and human studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhaoying Li, Po-Wei Li, Dongfeng Zhang
Summary: This study found that higher levels of dietary diversity, including count, evenness, and quality, might be protective factors against depressive symptoms, especially in females and elders. The recommended scores for assessing dietary diversity are 4, 0.3, and 51 for DDS, HFDI, and HEI, respectively.
Article
Allergy
Qi Yan, Erick Forno, Esther Herrera-Luis, Maria Pino-Yanes, Ge Yang, Sam Oh, Edna Acosta-Perez, Donglei Hu, Celeste Eng, Scott Huntsman, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Michelle M. Cloutier, Glorisa Canino, Esteban G. Burchard, Wei Chen, Juan C. Celedon
Summary: This study identified genetic variants associated with asthma hospitalizations, particularly at the chromosome 6p21.3 locus. Replication cohorts confirmed these findings, and HLA genes were found to mediate the effects of SNPs associated with asthma hospitalizations on gene expression in lung tissue.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Joseph D. Romano, Trang T. Le, William La Cava, John T. Gregg, Daniel J. Goldberg, Praneel Chakraborty, Natasha L. Ray, Daniel Himmelstein, Weixuan Fu, Jason H. Moore
Summary: This article introduces the latest release of PMLB, which provides the largest collection of diverse, public benchmark datasets for evaluating new machine learning and data science methods. Version 1.0 introduces several critical improvements developed following discussions with the open-source community.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Elisabetta Manduchi, Joseph D. Romano, Jason H. Moore
Summary: Parametric statistical methods have traditionally been used in genetic analysis of complex traits, but machine learning methods are better suited for detecting and modeling patterns in complex genetic architectures. The goal of AutoML is to eliminate guesswork by automatically identifying the right algorithms and hyperparameters for optimization. This review discusses the promises and challenges of AutoML in genetic analysis and emphasizes the potential for developing novel AutoML methods and software in the field of genetics and genomics.
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Gregory S. Barsh, Gregory P. Copenhaver, Hua Tang, Scott M. Williams
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott M. Williams, James A. Foster
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
E. Ricky Chan, Rajeev K. Mehlotra, Karim A. Pirani, Arsene C. Ratsimbasoa, Scott M. Williams, Andrea Gaedigk, Peter A. Zimmerman
Summary: This study found high concordance between TaqMan (TM) genotype calls and sequencing base calls in the Malagasy population, and also identified new variants and haplotypes in the same population.
Article
Pediatrics
Timothy H. Ciesielski, Xueyi Zhang, Alessandra Tacconelli, Irja Lutsar, Vincent Meiffredy de Cabre, Emmanuel Roilides, Cinzia Ciccacci, Paola Borgiani, William K. Scott, Scott M. Williams, Giorgio Sirugo
Summary: Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS) is a rare and severe condition with high mortality rates. This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with LOS. The results showed that genetic susceptibility to LOS is sexually dimorphic and NOTCH signaling plays a role in determining risk. There were also sex-specific associations between genes and sepsis, highlighting the importance of sex-specific treatment strategies.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Roland Albert A. Romero, Mariefel Nicole Y. Deypalan, Suchit Mehrotra, John Titus Jungao, Natalie E. Sheils, Elisabetta Manduchi, Jason H. Moore
Summary: This study aims to ascertain and compare the performances of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) tools on large, highly imbalanced healthcare datasets. The results show that the AutoML tools did not differ significantly from each other and all models performed poorly in predicting disease outcomes. The study provides a specific use-case to illustrate the selection of an optimal prediction threshold and highlights the challenges of healthcare datasets for AutoML tools.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Timothy H. Ciesielski, Jacquelaine Bartlett, Sudha K. Iyengar, Scott M. Williams
Summary: Pathogenic variants on the X-chromosome can have more severe consequences for hemizygous males, while heterozygote females can avoid severe consequences due to diploidy and the capacity for nonrandom expression. A study used large-scale genomic data to compare allele proportions between sexes and identified a measure for identifying pathogenicity in non-pseudoautosomal X-chromosome variants: the female-to-male allele proportion ratio.
Article
Pediatrics
Timur Azhibekov, Razaq Durodoye, Anna K. K. Miller, Claire L. L. Simpson, Robert L. L. Davis, Scott M. M. Williams, Leslie A. A. Bruggeman
Summary: In women of African ancestry, polymorphisms in the APOL1 gene are linked to the risk of preeclampsia. High-risk APOL1 genotypes in full-term infants are associated with an increased likelihood of being small for gestational age. In preterm pregnancies, fetal APOL1 genotype is associated with preeclampsia.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Michael L. McHenry, Jason Simmons, Hyejeong Hong, LaShaunda L. Malone, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, William S. Bush, W. Henry Boom, Thomas R. Hawn, Scott M. Williams, Catherine M. Stein
Summary: A genome-wide study identified genes associated with tuberculosis severity, including RGS7BP, which is highly expressed in blood vessels and plays a role in infectious disease pathology. Pathways related to platelet homeostasis and transport of organic anions were also linked to severity. The findings have the potential to improve patient outcomes.
Editorial Material
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Scott M. Williams, Jason H. Moore
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Estee Y. Cramer, Jacquelaine Bartlett, Ernest R. Chan, Andrea Gaedigk, Arsene C. Ratsimbasoa, Rajeev K. Mehlotra, Scott M. Williams, Peter A. Zimmerman
Summary: This study conducted genome-wide genotyping on 55 Malagasy samples and identified 110 coding or splicing variants that may be implicated in the response to antimalarial drug primaquine. The findings provide a basis for future genome-wide association studies on primaquine metabolism and response.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Elyse C. Mead, Carol A. Wang, Jason Phung, Joanna Y. X. Fu, Scott M. Williams, Mario Merialdi, Bo Jacobsson, Stephen Lye, Ramkumar Menon, Craig E. Pennell
Summary: Preterm birth (PTB), defined as the birth of a child before 37 completed weeks gestation, is a major health issue affecting about 11% of live births and is the leading cause of death in children under 5 years old. Genetic studies have identified genes within various pathways that may be involved in PTB, but many of the published data are inconclusive and have limited power to detect associations. On the other hand, some large hypothesis-free approaches have identified multiple novel genetic variants associated with PTB. Attempts to predict PTB using single -omics datasets have mostly been unsuccessful, while integrating data from multiple -omics datasets has shown promising results.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hyunjun Choi, Jay Moran, Nicholas Matsumoto, Miguel E. Hernandez, Jason H. Moore
Summary: Aliro is an open-source software package that automates machine learning analysis through a clean web interface. By leveraging the power of large language models, users can interact with their data and quickly discover new insights. It also includes a pre-trained machine learning recommendation system for automated algorithm and hyperparameter selection, as well as visualization of the evaluated model and data.
Article
Health Policy & Services
Wyatt P. Bensken, Timothy H. Ciesielski, Scott M. Williams, Kurt C. Stange, Martha Sajatovic, Siran M. Koroukian
Summary: This study aims to examine the association between gaps in Medicaid coverage and negative health events for people with epilepsy. The results show that individuals with a gap in coverage are more likely to experience negative health events during the covered periods. Factors such as younger age, female gender, and presence of psychiatric comorbidities increase the odds of having a gap.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED
(2022)
