Review
Food Science & Technology
Jianming Ye, Jiaqing Guo, Tairan Li, Jiaxin Tian, Mengxi Yu, Xiaochen Wang, Usman Majeed, Wei Song, Jianbo Xiao, Yane Luo, Tianli Yue
Summary: This article reviews the application of phage-based luminescent detection technologies in food safety. These technologies can rapidly and sensitively detect trace pathogens and toxins by the specific recognition and adherence ability of phages, and differentiate between viable and dead microbes, as well as qualitatively and quantitatively detect toxins.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Waleed A. Hassanain, Julia Spoors, Christopher L. Johnson, Karen Faulds, Neil Keegan, Duncan Graham
Summary: The study introduces a novel testing platform for the rapid and simultaneous detection of two specific biomarkers of Clostridium difficile infection, providing a rapid, selective, sensitive, and cost-effective clinical evaluation method for CDI.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eun Ju Oh, Jang Mook Kim, Jae Kyung Kim
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of climate factors on the incidence and severity of foodborne diseases, finding positive correlations between certain pathogens and variables such as sunshine intensity, wind-chill temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter content. The findings may help predict relationships among climatic factors and inform environmental health policies, but further research involving large-scale data, molecular biology, and epidemiology is needed for effective prevention and management of foodborne bacterial infections.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Carmen Saenz, Qing Fang, Thiyagarajan Gnanasekaran, Samuel Addison Jack Trammell, Jesse Arnold Buijink, Paola Pisano, Michael Wierer, Frederic Moens, Bettina Lengger, Asker Brejnrod, Manimozhiyan Arumugam
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is challenging to treat due to antibiotic resistance. Recent studies have shown that bile acids (BAs) can be a promising approach to treat CDI. This research found that Clostridium scindens and BAs can inhibit the growth and toxin expression of C. difficile.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Kriti Kapil, Shirley Xu, Inseon Lee, Hironobu Murata, Seok-Joon Kwon, Jonathan S. Dordick, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Summary: Well-defined multifunctional copolymers with rhodamine B dye were synthesized by ATRP, enabling efficient and specific bioimaging of Staphylococcus aureus. The combination of multifunctional polymeric dyes and strain-specific Ab or CBD showed enhanced fluorescence and target selectivity, making them potential biosensors for the detection of target DNA, protein, or bacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Carmen Saenz, Qing Fang, Thiyagarajan Gnanasekaran, Samuel Addison Jack Trammell, Jesse Arnold Buijink, Paola Pisano, Michael Wierer, Frederic Moens, Bettina Lengger, Asker Brejnrod, Manimozhiyan Arumugam
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major health concern and a leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea. Conventional treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics often leads to recurrent CDI, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Recent studies have shown that microbiota-based therapeutics, such as bile acids, hold promise in treating CDI.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Min Qing, Sheng Liang Chen, Jiao Zhou, Hong Qun Luo, Nian Bing Li
Summary: An ingenious spatially localized amplification reaction (SLAR) was constructed by colocalizing the entropy-driven reaction (EDR) in a nanometer space, greatly accelerating target conversion for sensitive microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) detection. The SLAR assay exhibited excellent analytical performance with a detection limit of 6 pM and good specificity in distinguishing miRNA-21 from similar miRNAs, showing great promise for sensitive biomarker detection in early diagnosis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jeffrey A. Berinstein, Calen A. Steiner, Katelin J. Roth, Emily Briggs, Krishna Rao, Peter D. R. Higgins
Summary: Living with a cat or dog was not associated with negative CDI testing, but high meat intake and cat allergies may be associated with positive CDI testing.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Julie Gilbert, Jhansi Leslie, Rose Putler, Shayna Weiner, Alexandra Standke, Aline Penkevich, Micah Keidan, Vincent B. Young, Krishna Rao
Summary: This study found that detecting anti-toxin A antibodies in CDI patients was associated with an increased risk of recurrence, while the association was weaker for anti-toxin B antibodies. Adjusting for confounders weakened the relationship between anti-toxin A antibodies and recurrence, and sensitivity analyses confirmed the findings. Future studies are needed to investigate the association between neutralizing antibodies levels and recurrence post-treatment.
Review
Microbiology
Gabriela Muniz Carvalho, Carolina Pantuzza Ramos, Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato, Roberto Mauricio Carvalho Guedes, Paula Roberta Giaretta, Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva
Summary: There is a lack of published guidelines for the diagnosis of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) in animals. The performance of available methods for detecting CDI varies among different animal species. Enzyme immunoassays have shown low performance in detecting toxins A and B in piglet and dog samples, while having high sensitivity for foals. Tests for detecting glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) have been identified as a suitable screening method with high sensitivity in animal samples. Studies evaluating real-time PCR or nucleic acid amplification tests have shown low performance for detecting CDI in animals. Histopathology can be a useful tool for post-mortem diagnosis in animals with CDI.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Guiping Liao, Jin Luo, Tengfei Cui, Jie Zou, Mian Xu, Yuhan Ma, Lingsheng Shi, Jia Jia, Chen Ma, Hui Li, Fujian Xu
Summary: In this study, a label-free, sensitive, and selective fluorescence method using carbon dots as a sensor was developed for the detection of trace selenite in water samples. The sensor showed high sensitivity, wide linear range, and excellent selectivity. The carbon dots were synthesized rapidly and efficiently, and demonstrated favorable performance in real water samples.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yazhen Liao, Yuxing Yang, Yang Qing, Jie Du
Summary: In this study, a fluorescent biosensor based on the cationic comb-type copolymer PLL-g-Dex was designed for the rapid detection of adenosine at room temperature. The experimental results demonstrated that the system achieved signal amplification and short detection time, and exhibited good adaptability to complex environments.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Ranjit De, Kyung Won Jo, Byoung Hun Lee, Surajit Some, Kyong-Tai Kim
Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were synthesized and used for the sensitive detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro. The N-CQDs showed excellent solubility in solvents with a wide range of polarities. Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were used to characterize the functional, morphological, and optical properties of the N-CQDs. The N-CQDs demonstrated reproducible size distribution and showed potential for various applications.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Lin, Yu Chen, Wanqi Mo, Xiaobai Li, Hongwei Ma, Xiaohong Zhao
Summary: Copper-doped carbon dots, with strong photoluminescence and high fluorescence stability, have been synthesized successfully for sensitive ascorbic acid detection. Additionally, a highly specific sensing system based on these dots has been designed. The proposed methods demonstrate significant advantages in ascorbic acid detection.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sunita Mangesh Bhatawadekar, Lata Satish Yadav, Aishwarya Babu, Meera Sujeet Modak
Summary: This study aims to understand the prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidities associated with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in a tertiary care hospital in Western India. The study found that patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease, systemic hypertension, autoimmune diseases, or malignancy were more likely to have CDI. Avoiding antibiotics prone to causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea, implementing an antimicrobial stewardship program, following proper infection control practices, and conducting epidemiological surveillance of CDI are important for reducing the burden of CDI in the country.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Dmitry Malyshev, Catrin F. Williams, Jonathan Lees, Les Baillie, Adrian Porch
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2019)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Calie Dyer, Lee P. Hutt, Robert Burky, Lovleen Tina Joshi
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Physics, Applied
Evans K. Ahortor, Dmitry Malyshev, Catrin F. Williams, Heungjae Choi, Jonathan Lees, Adrian Porch, Les Baillie
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Imogen Anne Jones, Lovleen Tina Joshi
Summary: Biocides are commonly used in healthcare and industry to control infections and microbial contamination. Ineffective disinfection and misuse of biocides can lead to the survival of microorganisms on surfaces, contributing to the transmission of infectious agents. Understanding the modes of action and efficacy of biocides is crucial for their rational use and development, especially in an era where microorganisms are increasingly resistant to chemical antimicrobial agents.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Alexandra Gartshore, Matt Kidd, Lovleen Tina Joshi
Summary: Microwaves are electromagnetic waves widely used in various industries, such as food processing, communications, medical treatments, and biosensor diagnostics. They have thermal and possibly non-thermal interactions with living matter, but there is significant debate on their mechanisms of action and potential benefits and limitations. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the implementation of microwave technologies in the medical industry.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nikita Toropov, Eleanor Osborne, Lovleen Tina Joshi, James Davidson, Caitlin Morgan, Joseph Page, Justin Pepperell, Frank Vollmer
Summary: This review discusses emerging biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection and current biochemical and clinical assays used in hospitals and clinical laboratories. It explores the gap between current testing practices in laboratories and nucleic acid amplification methods, as well as the robustness sought by laboratories. Additionally, it reviews emerging technology and antibody tests to evaluate vaccine effectiveness in individuals.
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Imogen Anne Jones, Katie Silver, Lovleen Tina Joshi
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Keisuke Watanabe, Hsin-Yu Wu, Jolly Xavier, Lovleen Tina Joshi, Frank Vollmer
Summary: On-chip silicon microcavity sensors have advantages in virus and biomolecule detection due to their compactness and enhanced light-matter interaction. This study proposes and demonstrates label-free single virus detection using silicon photonic crystal random cavities. The method does not require pre-fabricated defect cavities or optical couplers.
Review
Dermatology
A. K. Gupta, M. Venkataraman, L. T. Joshi, E. A. Cooper
Summary: Microwave-based treatments show promising results in treating warts, actinic keratosis, hyperhidrosis, and osmidrosis, but have negative outcomes in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Microwave treatment for corns provides pain relief but does not resolve hyperkeratosis. Preliminary in vitro studies suggest that microwave treatment inhibits fungal growth and can successfully treat toenail onychomycosis. However, further research is needed to understand the mechanism of non-ablative microwave treatment.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Shannon Waterfield, Humaira Ahmed, Imogen Anne Jones, Robert Burky, Lovleen Tina Joshi
Summary: This study revealed that single-use hospital surgical gown ties may serve as a reservoir for Clostridioides difficile spores and contribute to their transmission in clinical environments. It emphasizes the importance of healthcare workers' compliance with infection control procedures to prevent spore dissemination and reduce C. difficile infection rates.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Dmitry Malyshev, Imogen Anne Jones, Matthew McKracken, Rasmus Oberg, Glenn M. Harper, Lovleen Tina Joshi, Magnus Andersson
Summary: This study uses TEM imaging and Raman spectroscopy to analyze changes in the physiology of C. difficile spores in response to sodium hypochlorite. Certain strains of C. difficile show high resistance to hypochlorite treatment, and the exposed spores exhibit changes in biochemical composition and structure. These findings have implications for designing effective disinfection protocols and Raman-based detection methods.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Tina L. Joshi
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alia Batool, Asma Yaqoob, Zahid Anwar, Lovleen Tina Joshi, Ramsha Batool, Durreshahwar Lone, Zikria Saleem, Qasim Ahmed, Yousef A. Bin Jardn, Mohammed Bourhia, Muhammad Usman Qamar
Summary: This study investigated the outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), including mortality, antimicrobial resistance, and associated risk factors. The findings revealed that the outbreak of NDM-producing BCC resulted in increased neonatal mortality.
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Orthopedics
Ivan R. Bristow, Lovleen Tina Joshi
Summary: In recent years, new strains of dermatophytes showing resistance to antifungal drugs have emerged in Asia, with their spread being noted globally. Urgent research and changes to current practice are required to effectively contain and manage this transmission, although little is known about the mechanisms or management of this emerging problem.
JOURNAL OF FOOT AND ANKLE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Robert Scott, Lovleen Tina Joshi, Conor McGinn
Summary: This paper reviews the methods and findings of researchers and clinicians in deploying and evaluating the efficacy of UVGI technology for surface disinfection in healthcare settings. It highlights the growth of UVGI deployments since 2010, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The variations in hardware platforms and procedures, as well as the impact of UVGI on reducing healthcare associated infections, are discussed. Future trends focus on automation and safer UVGI technologies. More research is needed to measure the magnitude of effects and establish recommended best practices.
HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
