Review
Oncology
Ramsha Mahmood, Athalia Voisin, Hana Olof, Reihane Khorasaniha, Samuel A. Lawal, Heather K. Armstrong
Summary: This review discusses the role of microbiomes in mediating interactions between dietary factors, inflammation, and different cancers. Dysbiosis, or disruptions in the microbiome, have been associated with various diseases including cancer. Understanding how different microbiomes interact with dietary factors can help improve interventions for cancer patients in the future.
Article
Oncology
Angel Charles, Ryan M. Thomas
Summary: Despite advances in medical and surgical therapy, cancer remains a leading cause of death. Recent research has focused on the relationship between the microbiome and the immune system, leading to a greater understanding of the impact of the host's microbial ecosystem on the immune system's ability to detect and kill cancer cells. This review discusses the influence of the microbiome on innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and highlights the potential impact of this research in the clinical treatment of solid malignancies.
Article
Fisheries
Corinne Audemard, Kimberly S. Reece, Robert J. Latour, Lydia M. Bienlien, Ryan B. Carnegie
Summary: This study investigated the factors influencing the wide range of concentrations of human-pathogenic Vibrio bacteria in oysters. The results suggest that oyster genetics and parasitism may affect the presence of Vibrio bacteria. The study highlights the importance of further investigating the influence of oyster genetic background and the multiple interacting factors driving the dynamics of human-pathogenic Vibrio bacteria in oysters.
Article
Oncology
Clement J. F. Heymann, Jean-Marie Bard, Marie-Francoise Heymann, Dominique Heymann, Christine Bobin-Dubigeon
Summary: Live-pathogenic bacteria have been identified inside tumors for centuries and offer opportunities for metabolic engineering in various clinical fields. However, due to the low microbial biomass nature of tumors, characterizing the tumor microbiome remains a challenge.
Review
Fisheries
YunPeng Zhao, Boru Xue, Chunwei Bi, Xiaozhong Ren, Ying Liu
Summary: Aquaculture intensification, specifically through recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) and biofloc technology systems (BFTs), has the potential to contribute to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals associated with food security. However, the rapid growth of these systems has raised concerns about animal welfare, ecological protection, water treatment effectiveness, and public health. This review explores the influence of macro-infrastructure on the microenvironment in aquaculture tanks and provides insights into improving system performance and environmental management.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jianhao Liang, Ting Li, Jiajia Zhao, Cheng Wang, Haitao Sun
Summary: There is increasing evidence that the human microbiome is closely associated with central nervous system diseases, including glioma. The microbiome may affect the development, progress, and therapy of gliomas through both the intratumoral microbiome and the gut microbiome. The glioma-related microbiome is associated with the tumor microenvironment and tumor immune microenvironment, ultimately influencing tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment responses.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Aleksandar D. Kostic
Summary: This commentary reflects on the author's research journey in the human microbiome field and provides an overview of the field's progress.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahmed Sultan, Muhammad Anwar Qureshi, Frank Christopher Howarth
Summary: Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes, which can lead to cardiovascular complications including electromechanical dysfunction in the heart. This study found that the effects of Isoprenaline, a medication used to treat certain heart conditions, on ventricular myocyte shortening were diminished in obese and diabetic obese rats compared to lean rats. These findings suggest that abnormalities in Ca2+ signaling and SR Ca2+ transport may contribute to the decreased effectiveness of Isoprenaline in obesity and diabesity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mysoon M. Al-Ansari, Reem H. AlMalki, Lina A. Dahabiyeh, Anas M. Abdel Rahman
Summary: This article discusses the important role of metabolomics in breast cancer research, indicating that alterations in the microbiome may affect the development of breast cancer. Breast tumor cells have a unique metabolic profile through the elevation of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism, which are highly sensitive to microbiota activity.
Review
Oncology
Jiayao Ma, Lingjuan Huang, Die Hu, Shan Zeng, Ying Han, Hong Shen
Summary: The tumor microbe microenvironment modulates the tumor immune microenvironment in various ways, acting as an immune activator, inhibitor, or bystander, and involving multiple potential mechanisms. Modulation strategies of the tumor microbe microenvironment may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy and reduce adverse effects of checkpoint inhibitors, but there are still key questions awaiting answers in this field.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jakub Ruszkowski, Agnieszka Daca, Adrian Szewczyk, Alicja Debska-Slizien, Jacek M. Witkowski
Summary: The study found that treatment with biologics may make the microbiota of IMIDs patients more similar to healthy controls. However, there is inconsistent data regarding changes in alpha-diversity, and the conclusions of the study are highly restricted by the limited number and quality of included studies.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Min Ju Cho, Chae-Eun Kim, Yeon Hui Shin, Jun Ki Kim, Chan-Gi Pack
Summary: Label-free optical diffraction tomography allows three-dimensional imaging of cells and organelles, providing valuable physical parameters such as refractive index and volume for quantitative analysis. The impact of various invasive cell manipulations, such as temperature change and chemical fixation, on cellular properties was investigated in this study. It was found that these manipulations can significantly alter the refractive index values of organelles, and the expression of GFP-tagged proteins had a larger effect compared to chemical fluorescence staining.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Carmen Andreo-Lopez, Victoria Contreras-Bolivar, Manuel Munoz-Torres, Beatriz Garcia-Fontana, Cristina Garcia-Fontana
Summary: The global population's life expectancy has increased, leading to challenges in an aging population. Aging is influenced by molecular mechanisms and the gut microbiota, which is affected by factors such as diet. The Mediterranean diet and its components provide evidence of its impact on healthy aging. This review analyzes the influence of the Mediterranean diet on molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with favorable aging patterns, as well as its potential as an anti-aging treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vyara Matson, Carolina Soto Chervin, Thomas F. Gajewski
Summary: The commensal microbiota plays a role in regulating various physiological processes, including affecting cancer immunotherapy either positively or negatively. Studies have shown that different microbes may have distinct impacts on immunotherapy efficacy, leading to clinical trials and microbiome-based therapeutic interventions.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Laura Grieneisen, Ran Blekhman, Elizabeth Archie
Summary: A crucial aspect of microbiome research is understanding how host genetics influence the composition of gut microbiota. However, it is challenging to establish a direct link between host genetics and gut microbiota composition due to the correlation between host genetic similarity and environmental similarity. Longitudinal microbiome data can offer valuable insights into the relative impact of genetic processes on the microbiome by revealing environmentally contingent host genetic effects and comparing genetic effects in different environments. This article explores four areas in which longitudinal data can provide new knowledge on host genetic effects on the microbiome: microbial heritability, microbial plasticity, microbial stability, and host and microbiome population genetics. Methodological considerations for future studies are also discussed.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luise Marino, Simone Paulson, James J. Ashton, Charlotte Weeks, Aneurin Young, John V. P. Pappachan, John R. Swann, Mark J. Johnson, R. Mark Beattie
Summary: This scoping review summarizes the published data on changes in urinary metabolites during metabolic maturation in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) and identifies potential pathways for therapeutic intervention. The review highlights that there are significant gaps in our understanding of metabolic maturation in CHD infants, particularly in relation to growth. The surgical intervention for CHD infants has an impact on the developing biochemical phenotype and can affect pathways involved in immunomodulation, energy, gut microbiota, and lipid metabolism, which may be used to predict neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
CARDIOLOGY IN THE YOUNG
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesca M. Trovato, Rabiya Zia, Florent Artru, Salma Mujib, Ellen Jerome, Anna Cavazza, Muireann Coen, Ian Wilson, Elaine Holmes, Phillip Morgan, Arjuna Singanayagam, Christine Bernsmeier, Salvatore Napoli, William Bernal, Julia Wendon, Rosa Miquel, Krishna Menon, Vishal C. Patel, John Smith, Stephen R. Atkinson, Evangelos Triantafyllou, Mark J. W. McPhail
Summary: A metabolome study found that ALF patients have dysregulated metabolism and immune responses, potentially mediated by the LPC-ATX-LPA pathway.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Helene Ruffieux, Aimee L. Hanson, Samantha Lodge, Nathan G. Lawler, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray, Tui H. Nolan, Laura Bergamaschi, Federica Mescia, Lorinda Turner, Aloka de Sa, Victoria S. Pelly, Prasanti Kotagiri, Nathalie R. Kingston, John Bradley, Elaine Holmes, Julien K. Wist, Jeremy A. Nicholson, Paul Lyons, Kenneth G. C. Smith, Sylvia Richardson, Glenn Bantug, Christoph Hess
Summary: We analyzed detailed longitudinal phenotyping data from 215 individuals with varying disease severities to understand the biology behind individual patient responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings revealed distinct profiles of 'systemic recovery', including the progression and resolution of inflammatory, immune cell, metabolic, and clinical responses. We identified strong correlations between innate immune cell numbers, kynurenine metabolites, and lipid metabolites, which have implications for homeostasis restoration, risk of death, and long COVID.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Munirah Alsaleh, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Narong Khuntikeo, Watcharin Loilome, Puangrat Yongvanit, Thomas Hughes, Thomas O'Connor, Ross H. Andrews, Christopher A. Wadsworth, Roger Williams, Larry Koomson, Isobel Jane Cox, Elaine Holmes, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson
Summary: This study used LC-MS profiling to analyze urinary metabolites in a Thai population and identified metabolic characteristics of Opisthorchis viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Utilizing a larger sample size, this study confirmed the diagnostic potential of certain metabolites.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Monique J. Ryan, Alanah Grant-St James, Nathan G. Lawler, Mark W. Fear, Edward Raby, Fiona M. Wood, Garth L. Maker, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray
Summary: This study presents an optimized comprehensive targeted workflow for plasma and serum lipid quantification, which combines stable isotope internal standard dilution, automated sample preparation, and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with rapid polarity switching. The method is robust to common sources of analytical variation and is suitable for large-scale, multibatch applications in precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Laura Martinez-Gili, Alexandros Pechlivanis, Julie A. K. McDonald, Sofina Begum, Jonathan Badrock, Jessica K. Dyson, Rebecca Jones, Gideon Hirschfield, Stephen D. Ryder, Richard Sandford, Simon Rushbrook, Douglas Thorburn, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson, Mary M. E. Crossey, Julian R. Marchesi, George Mells, Elaine Holmes, David Jones
Summary: A study on patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) showed that there is variation in response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment. Responders exhibited high levels of secondary and tertiary bile acids, while non-responders had lower urinary bile acid levels and higher levels of 12-dehydrocholic acid. Additionally, non-responders showed lower gut microbiota diversity and lower capacity for bile acid deconjugation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sofina Begum, Samantha Lodge, Drew Hall, Blair Z. Johnson, Sze How Bong, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray, Vanessa S. Fear, Mark W. Fear, Elaine Holmes, Fiona M. Wood, Jeremy K. Nicholson
Summary: Burn injury in children has long-term effects on metabolism and physiology, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the metabolic trajectory and specific health outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catriona Ling, Christian J. Versloot, Matilda E. Arvidsson Kvissberg, Guanlan Hu, Nathan Swain, Jose M. Horcas-Nieto, Emily Miraglia, Mehakpreet K. Thind, Amber Farooqui, Albert Gerding, Karen van Eunen, Mirjam H. Koster, Niels J. Kloosterhuis, Lijun Chi, YueYing ChenMi, Miriam Langelaar-Makkinje, Celine Bourdon, Jonathan Swann, Marieke Smit, Alain de Bruin, Sameh A. Youssef, Marjon Feenstra, Theo H. van Dijk, Kathrin Thedieck, Johan W. Jonker, Peter K. Kim, Barbara M. Bakker, Robert H. J. Bandsma
Summary: Severe malnutrition leads to structural and functional changes in the intestine, increasing the risk of infection and mortality. This study reveals the mechanisms underlying malnutrition enteropathy, including dysregulation of autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis, as well as abnormalities in reactive oxygen species. The findings suggest that nicotinamide supplementation and modulation of SIRT1 and mTORC1 pathways may ameliorate malnutrition enteropathy in children with severe malnutrition.
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Joram M. Posma, Isabel Garcia Perez, Ibrahim Karaman, He Gao, Queenie Chan, Martha Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Paul Elliott
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Retraction
Food Science & Technology
Isabel Garcia-Perez, Joram M. Posma, Edward S. Chambers, John C. Mathers, John Draper, Manfred Beckmann, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Elaine Holmes, Gary Frost
Article
Emergency Medicine
Eva Kierath, Monique Ryan, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Mark W. Fear, Fiona M. Wood, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray
Summary: Background: Non-severe paediatric burns can result in poor long-term health outcomes, even in cases with good acute burn-related outcomes. The mechanisms underlying this transition from non-severe burn to sustained negative long-term health impacts remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of plasma lipidome changes in reflecting underlying changes in health status and linking to long-term health after burn trauma in children. Methods: The lipidome was analyzed in children who had previously experienced a non-severe burn, compared to non-injured controls. Results: The analysis revealed significantly higher concentrations of lysophosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylethanolamines, and significantly lower concentrations of myristic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acids in the plasma of burn-injured children compared to controls. Conclusion: Long-term changes in the lipid profile may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying poor long-term health after non-severe burn injury. Further investigation is needed to understand the relationship between long-term pathology and lipidomic changes for clinical intervention to reduce the long-term health burden post-burn trauma.