Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Caroline Utermann, Vivien A. Echelmeyer, Ernest Oppong-Danquah, Martina Bluemel, Deniz Tasdemir
Summary: This study investigated the diversity, chemical space, and pharmacological potential of the gut-associated microbiota of C. intestinalis, revealing a rich and diverse gut microbiota dominated by Gammaproteobacteria. In vitro screening of microbial extracts showed antibacterial, anticancer, and/or antifungal potential. Metabolomics analysis detected high chemical diversity, with peptides and polyketides being the predominant classes, including potentially novel compounds.
Review
Immunology
Assunta Liberti, Ojas Natarajan, Celine Grace F. Atkinson, Paolo Sordino, Larry J. Dishaw
Summary: The functional ecology of the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in host physiology, with the immune system, particularly innate immunity, modulating the interaction between host and microbes in the gut. Utilizing diverse model systems, including invertebrates, can provide insights into the basic principles governing gut homeostasis. The use of multi-omics approaches to merge computational sciences, modeling, and experimental biology will be essential for further understanding how host effectors shape the ecology of microbial communities in ways that establish and maintain homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tsuyoshi Kawada, Tomohiro Osugi, Shin Matsubara, Tsubasa Sakai, Akira Shiraishi, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Honoo Satake
Summary: Omics studies, including mass spectrometry-based peptidomic studies, have contributed to the understanding of genomes, gene expressions, and gene functions. In the ascidian Ciona intestinalis Type A, these studies have detected specific neuropeptides and homologs of vertebrate neuropeptides and hypothalamic peptide hormones. Furthermore, through transcriptome analysis and machine learning, candidate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for these peptides have been identified. The comparative transcriptomics and peptide treatment experiments have provided insights into the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of specific peptides in Ciona follicular development and growth.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Anne-Sophie Boucard, Myriam Thomas, Wilfried Lebon, Bruno Polack, Isabelle Florent, Philippe Langella, Luis G. Bermudez-Humaran
Summary: This study monitored naturally Giardia intestinalis-infected puppies for 3 months, revealing that the infection is associated with changes in the gut microbiota structure, immune health markers, and the establishment of chronic low-grade inflammation in the puppies. Further research is needed to determine if these alterations in the canine gut microbiota could lead to the development of dysbiosis-related diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Article
Engineering, Marine
Lucia Manni, Federico Caicci, Chiara Anselmi, Virginia Vanni, Silvia Mercurio, Roberta Pennati
Summary: This study describes the anatomy of the larva of Halocynthia roretzi, a solitary ascidian, using 3D reconstruction and histological/TEM observations. The larva exhibits a higher level of adultation compared to other solitary ascidians. Additionally, the study reveals dynamic changes in the papillae of H. roretzi during settlement.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jie Ma, Shuai Chen, Yuying Li, Xin Wu, Zehe Song
Summary: Arbutin improves gut development, reduces cholesterol levels and enhances the abundance and activity of Lactobacillus intestinalis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daria Wojciechowska, Milena Roszkowska, Lukasz Kaczmarek, Wieslawa Jarmuszkiewicz, Andonis Karachitos, Hanna Kmita
Summary: The activity of AOX in tardigrades can be monitored through observation of animal behavior, measurement of respiration, and inner membrane potential. Tardigrades, especially H. exemplaris, are considered a suitable whole-animal model for studying AOX.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tsuyoshi Kawada, Akira Shiraishi, Shin Matsubara, Akiko Hozumi, Takeo Horie, Yasunori Sasakura, Honoo Satake
Summary: The neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin are found in a wide range of vertebrates and invertebrates. In the ascidian Ciona intestinalis Type A, a vasopressin-related peptide called CiVP was identified, which plays a role in inducing oocyte maturation and ovulation. Through genetic modification of Ciona, it was found that CiVP is highly expressed in the cerebral ganglion and nerve tissues, and mutants lacking CiVP showed altered ovarian follicle growth and gene expression related to ovarian function. This study represents the first report of a vasopressin gene being studied in an invertebrate species, shedding light on its roles in biological processes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomohiro Osugi, Natsuko Miyasaka, Akira Shiraishi, Shin Matsubara, Honoo Satake
Summary: This study reveals the biological role of cionin in regulating ovulation, demonstrating that it induces ovulation by stimulating MMP gene expression via the RTK signaling pathway. This is the first report on the endogenous roles of cionin and the induction of ovulation by cholecystokinin/gastrin family peptides in an organism.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jonny Beyer, You Song, Adam Lillicrap, Simon Rodriguez-Satizabal, Marios Chatzigeorgiou
Summary: In this article, the potential of tunicates, particularly solitary ascidians, as bioindicator organisms for endocrine disrupting pollutants is discussed. The biological characteristics of solitary ascidians, such as rapid development, short lifespan, and ease of cultivation, make them ideal model organisms for studying the effects of contaminants.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vincent Saint-Martin, Pascale Quere, Sascha Trapp, Rodrigo Guabiraba
Summary: Research in mammals has shown the critical role of gut microbiota in animal health and immune system development. Strategies to modulate gut microbiota are considered promising for commercial poultry production, with potential to improve immunity and pathogen resilience. Understanding the gut-lung axis and promoting mucosal immunity in chickens through early-life microbiota transfer and feeding strategies is crucial for the poultry sector.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Chao Li, Xianyong Liu, Geru Tao, Yunzhou Wang, Shaoqiang Wu, Jingxia Suo, Yanli Lv, Fang Yu, Xun Suo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of rabbit intestinal coccidiosis on gut microbiota, revealing that EIP8 infection induced minimal changes in microbial diversity. Additionally, vaccination with EIP8 provided sufficient protection against challenge with WT parasites and led to a significant reduction in oocyst output.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
In-Sook Ahn, Justin Yoon, Graciel Diamante, Peter Cohn, Cholsoon Jang, Xia Yang
Summary: The study found that baseline metabolomic profiles differ and respond differently to fructose between mice with different genetic background and gut microbiota. DBA mice showed a distinct decrease in plasma branched chain fatty acids, while B6 mice had significantly increased plasma cholesterol and total bile acids in response to fructose.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Md Javed Foysal
Summary: The gut microbiota of commercially cultured decapod crustaceans (DC) from freshwater and saltwater habitats was investigated in this meta-analysis. The study revealed selective patterns of diversity and compositional differences among DC species and between the two host habitats. The genera Candidatus Bacilloplasma and Vibrio were identified as the main core genera for most DC species.
Article
Biology
William R. Jeffery, Bo Li, Mandy Ng, Lianwei Li, Spela Goricki, Li Ma
Summary: In Ciona intestinalis, while adult stem cells in the branchial sac vasculature proliferate and progenitor cells migrate to the site of distal injury, regeneration only occurs in the proximal fragments. By analyzing the transcriptome of regenerating animals, we found that the chaperone system genes hsp70, dnaJb4, and bag3 are significantly upregulated in the branchial sac vasculature following distal injury. The upregulation of these heat shock protein genes is crucial for regeneration.
Article
Virology
Brittany Leigh, Charlotte Karrer, John P. Cannon, Mya Breitbart, Larry J. Dishaw
Article
Biology
Assunta Liberti, Ivana Zucchetti, Daniela Melillo, Diana Skapura, Yoshimi Shibata, Rosaria De Santis, Maria Rosaria Pinto, Gary W. Litman, Larry J. Dishaw
Article
Virology
Brittany A. Leigh, Anni Djurhuus, Mya Breitbart, Larry J. Dishaw
Article
Virology
Alexandria Creasy, Karyna Rosario, Brittany A. Leigh, Larry J. Dishaw, Mya Breitbart
Article
Microbiology
Alyson L. Yee, Elizabeth Miller, Larry J. Dishaw, Jessica M. Gordon, Ming Ji, Samia Dutra, Thao T. B. Ho, Jack A. Gilbert, Maureen Groer
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Thao T. B. Ho, Ambuj Kumar, Adetola F. Louis-Jacques, Larry J. Dishaw, Alyson L. Yee, Maureen W. Groer
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Nursing
Maureen W. Groer, Elizabeth M. Miller, Amy D'Agata, Thao T. B. Ho, Samia V. Dutra, Ji Youn Yoo, Alyson L. Yee, Jack A. Gilbert, Larry J. Dishaw
JOGNN-JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC GYNECOLOGIC AND NEONATAL NURSING
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maureen Groer, Elizabeth M. Miller, Anujit Sarkar, Larry J. Dishaw, Samia Dutra, Ji Youn Yoo, Katherine Morgan, Ming Ji, Thao Ho
Article
Nursing
Velda J. Gonzalez-Mercado, Wendy A. Henderson, Anujit Sarkar, Jean Lim, Leorey N. Saligan, Lawrence Berk, Larry Dishaw, Susan McMillan, Maureen Groer, Farrah Sepehri, Gail D'Eramo Melkus
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in severity of fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression symptoms between rectal cancer patients before and after chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as the relationship between gut microbial diversity and symptom occurrence. Results indicated that participants with co-occurring symptoms reported greater fatigue severity and showed differences in specific microbial abundances, with a prediction accuracy of 74% using microbiome data. This suggests a potential association between gut microbiota and co-occurring symptoms, laying the groundwork for a microbiota-based classifier.
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOR NURSING
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Assunta Liberti, Ojas Natarajan, Celine Grace F. Atkinson, Paolo Sordino, Larry J. Dishaw
Summary: The functional ecology of the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in host physiology, with the immune system, particularly innate immunity, modulating the interaction between host and microbes in the gut. Utilizing diverse model systems, including invertebrates, can provide insights into the basic principles governing gut homeostasis. The use of multi-omics approaches to merge computational sciences, modeling, and experimental biology will be essential for further understanding how host effectors shape the ecology of microbial communities in ways that establish and maintain homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Assunta Liberti, Ojas Natarajan, Celine Grace F. Atkinson, Larry J. Dishaw
Summary: The origins of a pass-through gut in early bilaterians played a significant role in the exploration of new habitats, innovation of feeding styles and behaviors, and the evolution of more complex organisms. The evolution of the gastrointestinal tract has led to interactions between nutrients, host immunity, and the environment, including microbes. Animals have expanded their immune repertoires by secreting soluble effectors, such as immunoglobulin (Ig)-like proteins, into luminal spaces like the gut, influencing interactions with microbes. These Ig-like proteins are crucial for the management of gut microbial communities in invertebrates.
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anujit Sarkar, Ji Youn Yoo, Jean Lim, Samia Dutra, Larry Dishaw, Bradley Kane, Maureen Groer Edith Groer, Elizabeth Miller
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anujit Sarkar, Ji Youn Yoo, Jean Lim, Samia Dutra, Larry Dishaw, Bradley Kane, Maureen Groer Edith Groer, Elizabeth Miller
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Assunta Liberti, John P. Cannon, Gary W. Litman, Larry J. Dishaw
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Brittany A. Leigh, Mya Breitbart, Hanna M. Oksanen, Dennis H. Bamford, Larry J. Dishaw
GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2018)