Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atara Uzan-Yulzari, Olli Turta, Anna Belogolovski, Oren Ziv, Christina Kunz, Sarah Perschbacher, Hadar Neuman, Edoardo Pasolli, Aia Oz, Hila Ben-Amram, Himanshu Kumar, Helena Ollila, Anne Kaljonen, Erika Isolauri, Seppo Salminen, Hanna Lagstrom, Nicola Segata, Itai Sharon, Yoram Louzoun, Regina Ensenauer, Samuli Rautava, Omry Koren
Summary: Exposure to antibiotics in the neonatal period may affect growth development in boys but not girls, while antibiotic use later in childhood is associated with increased body mass index. Additionally, neonatal antibiotic exposure has long-term effects on gut microbiome, leading to growth impairment in boys during the first six years of life.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Joachim Labenz, Daniela-Patricia Borkenstein, Franz Josef Heil, Ahmed Madisch, Ulrich Tappe, Harald Schmidt, Birgit Terjung, Ingeborg Klymiuk, Angela Horvath, Manfred Gross, Vanessa Stadlbauer
Summary: After decades of research, cancer remains a major challenge in medical research, and colorectal cancer is one of the most common types. Although colonoscopy is a life-saving examination for preventing CRC, its unpleasant side effects and impact on gut microbiome have hindered its acceptance. However, a 30-day intervention with a multi-species probiotic formulation was found to significantly reduce the adverse events caused by bowel preparation and improve patient comfort.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xianshu Luo, Qing Kong, Yuming Wang, Xuefeng Duan, Peng Wang, Chenman Li, Yuchen Huan
Summary: Clostridium butyricum mainly colonizes in the colon of rats and can persist in the gut for up to six days. Administration of exogenous C. butyricum significantly enhances gut microbial diversity and promotes the growth of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacterial genera.
Article
Microbiology
Alexandra Proctor, Nancy A. Cornick, Chong Wang, Shankumar Mooyottu, Paulo A. Arruda, Kayce Kobs, Gregory J. Phillips
Summary: The study found that piglets develop natural resistance to Clostridioides difficile as they age, with older piglets over 1 week old showing decreased clinical signs of disease. The diversity and complexity of the intestinal microbiota were identified as factors contributing to this resistance, highlighting the potential for new strategies for prevention and treatment of C. difficile infection.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Y. G. Yip, Olivia G. King, Oleksii Omelchenko, Sanjana Kurkimat, Victoria Horrocks, Phoebe Mostyn, Nathan Danckert, Rohma Ghani, Giovanni Satta, Elita Jauneikaite, Frances J. Davies, Thomas B. Clarke, Benjamin H. Mullish, Julian R. Marchesi, Julie A. K. McDonald
Summary: The intestine serves as a primary colonisation site for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and acts as a reservoir for invasive infections. Antibiotics disrupt the colonisation resistance provided by gut microbiota, which leads to an expansion of CRE within the intestine. This study demonstrates that antibiotic-induced reduction of gut microbial populations results in the enrichment of nutrients and the depletion of inhibitory metabolites, promoting the growth of CRE.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuangshuang Ma, Hongtao Liu
Summary: In this study, a 3D-printed bulking agent with a uniform shape was prepared and its application in swine manure aerobic composting was investigated. The results showed that the addition of 3D-printed bulking agents can improve temperature, extend the thermophilic period, and enhance organic matter degradation, thus positively impacting the safety of compost products.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Edwin T. Moran, Michael R. Bedford
Summary: The large intestinal systems of fowl and swine recover nutrients from indigesta in different ways. Fowl use a short colon and retro-peristalsis to carry small particulates and solutes into ceca, while swine have a progression through the cecum and colon. The microbial community adjusts to fiber complexity and produces volatile fatty acids. Mucin on the mucosal surface captures and releases microbes. Supplementing fibrolytic enzymes can enhance fermentation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrea Polo, Claudia Cappello, Ilaria Carafa, Alessio Da Ros, Francesca Baccilieri, Raffaella Di Cagno, Marco Gobbetti
Summary: The study found that a novel functional herbal tea can act as an effective carrier for the probiotic Bacillus coagulans GanedenBC30, ensuring the survival rate of the probiotic. Through simulating the human intestinal microbial ecosystem, it was discovered that the probiotic quickly colonizes mucosal compartments and remains viable, with the overall viable cell content significantly higher than the probiotic threshold.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Zheng, Pengju Wang, Baoping Cao, Minyao Wu, Xinyi Li, Hongyuan Wang, Lihong Chai
Summary: The study revealed that co-exposure of Cd-Pb had more severe impacts on both Bufo gargarizans tadpoles and their intestinal microbiota, leading to growth retardation, intestinal histological injury, and decreased activities of digestive enzymes. Additionally, exposure to Cd and Pb, especially in mixed form, altered the diversity and richness of microbiota, with Proteobacteria significantly increased in tadpoles under metal exposure. The functional prediction suggested that the disorders of metabolism and immune responses of intestinal microbiota were increased in tadpoles exposed to Cd/Pb, especially the mixture of Cd and Pb.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qilong Shu, Yuanfei Wang, Haoyi Gu, Qingyu Zhu, Wei Liu, Yan Dai, Fanchi Li, Bing Li
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of artificially fed diets on the characteristics of intestinal microbial population in silkworms. It was found that the artificial diet led to a simpler intestinal flora with higher levels of Lactobacillus, resulting in decreased pH in the intestinal fluid. In contrast, the mulberry leaf diet promoted the continuous growth of diversity in the intestinal flora, affecting the activity of digestive enzymes and the growth and development of the larvae.
ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Erin Ostrem Loss, Jaron Thompson, Pak Lun Kevin Cheung, Yili Qian, Ophelia S. S. Venturelli
Summary: Dietary fibre has a significant impact on the growth of human gut microbiota. This study explored the effects of fibres with different chemical complexities and their constituent sugars on microbial interaction networks and responses to perturbations. The results showed that the chemical complexity of fibres limits microbial growth and species diversity. Fibres reduce negative interspecies interactions compared to their constituent sugars. Carbohydrate chemical complexity enhances community assembly reproducibility and resistance to invasion.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Nagham M. El-Refiae, Mohamed S. Ayyat, Hemat K. Mahmoud, Mohammed A. E. Naiel
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Paulownia leaf extract (PLE) on performance, feed utilization, redox status, immunological responses, intestinal microbial content, and disease resistance of Oreochromis niloticus. The results showed that enriched tilapia diets with moderate levels of PLE (0.25 or 0.5 g/kg) significantly improved performance, feed consumption, feed efficiency, and feed utilization parameters. Moreover, high levels of PLE in the diet enhanced redox status, innate immune parameters, and decreased fat levels in fish flesh, while increasing crude protein and ash contents.
AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mingyu Yin, Long Zhang, Shijie Tang, Ryosuke Matsuoka, Yinci Xi, Ningping Tao, Xichang Wang
Summary: The study found that egg yolk phospholipids (EPLs) have a significant effect on improving obesity and intestinal flora disorder caused by high-fructose diet, mainly through regulating the composition of intestinal short-chain fatty acids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Abdullahi Yusuf Muhammad, Malik Amonov, Chandrika Murugaiah, Atif Amin Baig, Marina Yusoff
Summary: Vibrio cholerae is a non-invasive enteric pathogen that causes cholera by easily transmitting from contaminated food and water into the human host. It must overcome multiple colonization resistance mechanisms derived from the host and gut commensals in order to survive, grow, and colonize the intestine, leading to infection.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Saddam Hussein, Yu Xiaoying, Mohammed Hamdy Farouk, Ahmed Abdeen, Abdelaziz Hussein, Jiang Hailong
Summary: This review examines the benefits of dietary fiber on pig intestinal microbes and digestive physiology, highlighting the importance of maintaining intestinal health and increasing productivity through the addition of appropriate amounts of dietary fiber in pig diets.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL RESEARCH
(2021)
