Review
Clinical Neurology
Natan Feter, Jayne S. Leite, Luisa Silveira da Silva, Julia Cassuriaga, Danilo de Paula, Gabriela Wunsch Lopes, Pedro Rodrigues Curi Hallal, I-Min Lee, Airton Jose Rombaldi
Summary: This review examines the impact of physical inactivity on dementia and finds that the overall impact ranges from 6.6% to 16.6%.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sisitha Jayasinghe, Andrew P. Hills
Summary: Despite the acknowledgement of the benefits of physical activity in preventing and controlling obesity, most children and adolescents are not sufficiently active to reap these benefits. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary patterns during key development stages have a negative impact on young people. Unhealthy behaviors during the growth years predispose them to chronic conditions, such as obesity. Clear and consistent strategies are urgently needed to improve eating and activity behaviors of children and adolescents. Based on existing evidence, a set of non-negotiable strategies is presented as a roadmap to prevention and improving their health.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrian E. Bauman, Masamitsu Kamada, Rodrigo S. Reis, Richard P. Troiano, Ding Ding, Karen Milton, Niamh Murphy, Pedro C. Hallal
Summary: Pre-Olympic predictions often include an increase in population-based physical activity, while the post-Olympic effects on physical activity remain largely unsummarized. Most pre-Olympic documents set targets for population physical activity or sports participation; however, analysis of surveillance data shows little change in physical activity prevalence in most cases. Google Trends data demonstrates a sharp increase in searches related to the Olympics during the event, and sustained growth in searches related to exercise throughout the Olympic period.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ignacio Stingl-Zuniga, Claudio Farias-Valenzuela, Paloma Ferrero-Hernandez, Adilson Marques, Leandro F. M. Rezende, Antonio Castillo-Paredes, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Kabir P. Sadarangani, Gerson Ferrari
Summary: By analyzing data from a Chilean National Health Survey, this study found that reducing sitting time and increasing physical activity could prevent a significant number of deaths in Chilean adults. Specifically, reducing sitting time to less than 4 hours per day and maintaining physical activity could prevent approximately 10,477 deaths or 9.5% of all deaths.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leandro F. M. Rezende, Gerson Ferrari, Luciana Ribeiro Bahia, Roger Dos Santos Rosa, Michelle Quarti Machado da Rosa, Romulo Cristovao de Souza, Dong Hoon Lee, Edward Giovannucci, Jose Eluf-Neto
Summary: The study estimated the economic costs of colon and post-menopausal breast cancers attributable to lack of physical activity in the Brazilian Unified Health System. Results showed that lack of physical activity contributes to approximately 50.3 million international dollars annually in direct costs related to these cancers, highlighting the need for population-wide interventions to promote physical activity and reduce the economic burden of cancer.
Article
Oncology
Thomas Gredner, Tobias Niedermaier, Karen Steindorf, Hermann Brenner, Ute Mons
Summary: A substantial number of future cancer cases in the German population could be prevented by reducing excess body weight and physical inactivity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mi Ah Han, Eu Chang Hwang, Jae Hung Jung, Seo-Hee Kim, Sun Mi Park
Summary: This study aims to systematically summarize the PAF estimates of modifiable cancer risk factors in Korea. By analyzing published papers, the study will provide reference for strategies to reduce the burden of cancer in the population.
Article
Oncology
Sooyoung Cho, Aesun Shin
Summary: The study estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of established risk factors for colorectal cancer in the Korean population. It found that changes in modifiable risk factors could prevent half of the colorectal cancer cases, highlighting the importance of cancer prevention policies.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mary N. Woessner, Alexander Tacey, Ariella Levinger-Limor, Alexandra G. Parker, Pazit Levinger, Itamar Levinger
Summary: Throughout history, technological advances have made daily activities more efficient, but have also led to increased sedentary behavior and a rise in chronic conditions related to obesity. Despite longer life expectancy, people are living with poorer physical function and reduced quality of life due to these factors. Discussing how technology influences sedentary behavior, this review proposes utilizing technology to encourage greater engagement in physical activity.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan Myers, Baruch Vainshelboim, Shirit Kamil-Rosenberg, Khin Chan, Peter Kokkinos
Summary: The study found that low cardiorespiratory fitness and physical inactivity are important factors leading to mortality, while increasing cardiorespiratory fitness and promoting physical activity can reduce the risk of death.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Edward F. Coyle, Heath M. Burton, Remzi Satiroglu
Summary: Prolonged sitting hinders the benefits of running exercise on fat oxidation and plasma triglyceride reduction, which can be prevented by walking 8500 steps per day or incorporating hourly cycle sprints. There is an interplay between background physical activity and exercise stimuli in regulating acute and chronic adaptations to exercise.
EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yoon Park, Moran Ki
Summary: The study aimed to determine the proportion of gastric cancer attributable to Helicobactor pylori in the Korean population, with men having a higher incidence rate than women. The estimated prevalence of H. pylori infection was 76.4% in men and 71.9% in women, contributing to 34.5% and 33.2% of gastric cancer cases in men and women respectively.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ross Arena, Nicolaas P. Pronk, Colin Woodard
Summary: This commentary examines the relationship between physical inactivity, obesity, and election results, socioeconomic factors, race, and regional culture in the United States. The study found that counties where the Democratic candidate received more votes had lower levels of physical inactivity and obesity, higher median national incomes, a higher proportion of Black population, and a higher percentage of people with higher education. However, there were variations in this relationship across different cultural regions in the United States.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hyukjin Mun, Eun Sun So
Summary: This study examines changes in physical activity, diet, and sleep patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea and identifies factors influencing adverse changes in these behaviors. The findings show that physical activity decreased, unhealthy diet increased, and sleep time decreased during the pandemic. Adverse changes in health behaviors were significantly related to being female, poor subjective health, absence of hypertension or diabetes, engaging in other unhealthy behaviors, and complying with COVID-19 prevention guidelines.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jinrong Wu, Yang Wang, Xin Xiao, Xianwen Shang, Mingguang He, Lei Zhang
Summary: The study found a significant association between the spatial distribution of T2DM incidence and the geographical prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity rate in New South Wales, Australia. Regional variations in obesity prevalence and physical inactivity rate resembled the geographical variation in the incidence of T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Thomas Behrens, Calvin Ge, Roel Vermeulen, Benjamin Kendzia, Ann Olsson, Joachim Schuez, Hans Kromhout, Beate Pesch, Susan Peters, Luetzen Portengen, Per Gustavsson, Dario Mirabelli, Pascal Guenel, Daniele Luce, Dario Consonni, Neil E. Caporaso, Maria Teresa Landi, John K. Field, Stefan Karrasch, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, Jack Siemiatycki, Marie-Elise Parent, Lorenzo Richiardi, Lorenzo Simonato, Karl-Heinz Joeckel, Wolfgang Ahrens, Hermann Pohlabeln, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, David Zaridze, John R. McLaughlin, Paul A. Demers, Beata Swiatkowska, Jolanta Lissowska, Tamas Pandics, Eleonora Fabianova, Dana Mates, Vladimir Bencko, Lenka Foretova, Vladimir Janout, Paolo Boffetta, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Francesco Forastiere, Kurt Straif, Thomas Bruening
Summary: Limited evidence exists regarding the exposure-effect relationship between lung-cancer risk and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) or nickel. This study found that occupational exposure to Cr(VI) and nickel was associated with lung-cancer risks, particularly in men. In men, the highest quartile of cumulative exposure to CR(VI) and nickel were both significantly associated with increased odds ratios for lung cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla, Maria Timofeeva, Zhishan Chen, Philip Law, Minta Thomas, Stephanie Bien, Virginia Diez-Obrero, Li Li, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Claire Palles, Kitty Sherwood, Sarah Harris, Victoria Svinti, Kevin McDonnell, Susan Farrington, James Studd, Peter Vaughan-Shaw, Xiao-ou Shu, Jirong Long, Qiuyin Cai, Xingyi Guo, Yingchang Lu, Peter Scacheri, James Studd, Jeroen Huyghe, Tabitha Harrison, David Shibata, Christopher Haiman, Mathew Devall, Fredrick Schumacher, Marilena Melas, Gad Rennert, Mireia Obon-Santacana, Vicente Martin-Sanchez, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Jae Hwan Oh, Jeongseon Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Keum Ji Jung, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Dong-Hyun Kim, Isao Oze, Wanqing Wen, Keitaro Matsuo, Koichi Matsuda, Chizu Tanikawa, Zefang Ren, Yu-Tang Gao, Wei-Hua Jia, John Potter, Mark Jenkins, Aung Ko Win, Rish Pai, Jane Figueiredo, Robert Haile, Steven Gallinger, Michael Woods, Polly Newcomb, David Shibata, Jeremy Cheadle, Richard Kaplan, Timothy Maughan, Rachel Kerr, David Kerr, Iva Kirac, Jan Boehm, Lukka-Pekka Mecklin, Pekka Jousilahti, Paul Knekt, Lauri Aaltonen, Harri Rissanen, Eero Pukkala, Johan Eriksson, Tatiana Cajuso, Ulrika Hanninen, Johanna Kondelin, Kimmo Palin, Tomas Tanskanen, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo, Brent Zanke, Satu Mannisto, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie Weinstein, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Julie Palmer, Daniel Buchanan, Elizabeth Platz, Kala Visvanathan, Cornelia Ulrich, Erin Siegel, Stefanie Brezina, Andrea Gsur, Peter Campbell, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner, Martha Slattery, John Potter, Konstantinos Tsilidis, Matthias Schulze, Marc Gunter, Neil Murphy, Antoni Castells, Sergi Castellvi-Bel, Leticia Moreira, Volker Arndt, Anna Shcherbina, Mariana Stern, Bens Pardamean, Timothy Bishop, Graham Giles, Melissa Southey, Gregory Idos, Kevin McDonnell, Zomoroda Abu-Ful, Joel Greenson, Katerina Shulman, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Kenneth Offit, Yu-Ru Su, Robert Steinfelder, Temitope Keku, Bethany van Guelpen, Thomas Hudson, Heather Hampel, Rachel Pearlman, Sonja Berndt, Richard Hayes, Marie Elena Martinez, Sushma Thomas, Douglas Corley, Paul Pharoah, Susanna Larsson, Yun Yen, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Emily White, Li Li, Kimberly Doheny, Elizabeth Pugh, Tameka Shelford, Andrew Chan, Marcia Cruz-Correa, Annika Lindblom, David Shibata, Amit Joshi, Clemens Schafmayer, Peter Scacheri, Anshul Kundaje, Deborah Nickerson, Robert Schoen, Jochen Hampe, Zsofia Stadler, Pavel Vodicka, Ludmila Vodickova, Veronika Vymetalkova, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Chistopher Edlund, William Gauderman, Duncan Thomas, David Shibata, Amanda Toland, Sanford Markowitz, Andre Kim, Stephen Gruber, Franzel van Duijnhoven, Edith Feskens, Lori Sakoda, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Alicja Wolk, Alessio Naccarati, Barbara Pardini, Liesel FitzGerald, Soo Chin Lee, Shuji Ogino, Stephanie Bien, Charles Kooperberg, Christopher Li, Yi Lin, Ross Prentice, Conghui Qu, Stephane Bezieau, Catherine Tangen, Elaine Mardis, Taiki Yamaji, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Christopher Haiman, Loic Le Marchand, Anna Wu, Chenxu Qu, Caroline McNeil, Gerhard Coetzee, Caroline Hayward, Ian Deary, Sarah Harris, Evropi Theodoratou, Stuart Reid, Marion Walker, Li Yin Ooi, Victor Moreno, Graham Casey, Stephen Gruber, Ian Tomlinson, Wei Zheng, Malcolm Dunlop, Richard Houlston, Ulrike Peters
Summary: This study identified 205 independent risk associations for colorectal cancer through a genome-wide association study meta-analysis. Transcriptome and methylome analysis further revealed 53 risk associations. These findings provide insights into the genetic and molecular mechanisms of colorectal oncogenesis and suggest potential targets for new treatment and prevention strategies.
Article
Oncology
Jaesung Choi, JooYong Park, Ji-Eun Kim, Miyoung Lee, Daehee Kang, Aesun Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi
Summary: This study assessed the association between physical activity characteristics and cancer incidence in Koreans, specifically examining the differences in association among overweight individuals. The findings indicate that physical activity has a protective effect against cancer in overweight males, particularly for colorectal cancer. These results suggest the importance of promoting physical activity among overweight Asian males to reduce their cancer risk.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giulia Collatuzzo, Eva Negri, Claudio Pelucchi, Rossella Bonzi, Federica Turati, Charles S. Rabkin, Linda M. Liao, Rashmi Sinha, Domenico Palli, Monica Ferraroni, Lizbeth Lopez-Carrillo, Nuno Lunet, Samantha Morais, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Dominick Parisi, David Zaridze, Dmitry Maximovitch, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos, Jose Juan Jimenez-Moleon, Jesus Vioque, Manoli Garcia de la Hera, Maria Paula Curado, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Raul Ulises Hernandez-Ramirez, Malaquias Lopez-Cervantes, Mary H. Ward, Shoichiro Tsugane, Akihisa Hidaka, Areti Lagiou, Pagona Lagiou, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Antonia Trichopoulou, Anna Karakatsani, Maria Constanza Camargo, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Boffetta
Summary: A meta-analysis of 16 studies found no significant association between yoghurt consumption and gastric cancer risk.
Article
Oncology
Jaesung Choi, Joo-Yong Park, Ji-Eun Kim, Miyoung Lee, Kyuwan Lee, Jong-Koo Lee, Daehee Kang, Aesun Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi
Summary: This study investigated the associations between different types, intensities, durations, and quantities of physical activities and mortality in Korean cancer patients. The results showed that patients who participated in vigorous-intensity activities, walking, climbing, sports, and more than two activities had significantly lower overall mortality, especially for colorectal cancer patients participating in vigorous-intensity activities. Post-diagnosis, only patients who performed more than two activities had significantly lower all-cause mortality.
Article
Oncology
Giulia Collatuzzo, Federica Turati, Matteo Malvezzi, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Boffetta
Summary: This study estimated the number of cancers attributable to occupational carcinogens in Italy. By using a counterfactual scenario of no exposure and considering latency, the study calculated the attributable fraction of cancer. The most prevalent occupational carcinogens were found to be UV radiation, diesel exhaust, wood dust, and silica dust. The study highlighted the substantial burden of occupational cancers in Italy and the importance of surveillance of carcinogens in the workplace.
Article
Oncology
Giulia Collatuzzo, Margherita Ferrante, Antonella Ippolito, Alessia Di Prima, Cristina Colarossi, Salvatore Scarpulla, Paolo Boffetta, Salvatore Sciacca
Summary: This study investigates cancer patterns in migrants in Southern Italy using data from the Eastern Sicily Cancer Registry. Migrants have a higher probability of developing cancer, particularly in migrant women. Cervical and lung cancer are more prevalent in migrants, while colorectal cancer is less common. Interventions should be implemented to improve the access of migrants to cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and care, with a focus on HPV vaccination, cervical cancer screening, and tobacco control.
Article
Oncology
Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Marta Rossi, Maryam Hadji, Hamideh Rashidian, Maryam Marzban, Maria Parpinel, Federica Fiori, Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami, Yusuf A. Hannun, Chiara Luberto, Kazem Zendehdel, Paolo Boffetta
Summary: This study found that dietary betaine, choline, and choline-containing compounds are associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Men who consume phosphocholine and sphingomyelin are more likely to develop CRC, while women who consume betaine have a decreased risk. Therefore, modifying the diet to increase betaine intake and managing the consumption of animal products can help reduce the risk of CRC.
Review
Oncology
Federica Teglia, Giulia Collatuzzo, Paolo Boffetta
Summary: This narrative review provides new insights and reports the current state of knowledge on occupational cancers among women, with a focus on three female working categories: beauticians and hairdressers, farmers, and healthcare workers. The inclusion of women in occupational cancer studies has become more urgent and feasible due to the changing workforce and increasing number of women employed. The review also discusses the difficulties in evaluating occupational causes of female gynecologic tumors and the potential gender differences in outcome responses.
Article
Oncology
Tung Hoang, Sooyoung Cho, Ji-Yeob Choi, Daehee Kang, Aesun Shin
Summary: This study aimed to explore the potential interaction between dietary intake and genetics on the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), and whether adherence to healthy dietary habits could attenuate CRC risk in individuals at high genetic risk.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dong-Wook Lee, Sooyoung Cho, Aesun Shin
Summary: Based on job positions, the study examined the mortality rate of lymphohematopoietic cancer in workers at a semiconductor manufacturing company in South Korea. The findings revealed that female operators had a higher risk of mortality from lymphohematopoietic cancer among the semiconductor manufacturing workers.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hung N. Luu, Chi Thi-Du Tran, Renwei Wang, Mai Vu-Tuyet Nguyen, Mo Thi Tran, Thuy Thi-Van Tuong, Quang Hong Tran, Linh Cu Le, Huong Thi-Thu Pham, Hien Huy Vu, Nam Chi Bui, Hien Thi-Thu Ha, Dung Tuan Trinh, Claire E. Thomas, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Liudmilla Velikokhatnaya, Robert E. Schoen, Guoxiang Xie, Wei Jia, Paolo Boffetta, Jose C. Clemente, Jian-Min Yuan
Summary: The study found that colorectal advanced adenoma is associated with alterations in ileal juice bile acids. The concentrations of hyodeoxycholic acid (HCA) species in ileal juice were significantly higher in advanced adenoma patients compared to controls. The relative abundance of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in total bile acids was significantly reduced in cases than controls.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luigi De Maria, Giuseppe Delvecchio, Stefania Sponselli, Francesco Cafaro, Antonio Caputi, Gianmarco Giannelli, Pasquale Stefanizzi, Francesco Paolo Bianchi, Angela Stufano, Silvio Tafuri, Piero Lovreglio, Paolo Boffetta, Luigi Vimercati
Summary: A observational study at the University Hospital of Bari found a significant prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BIs) among healthcare workers (HCWs) during the first year of mandatory vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. However, there were no hospitalizations or deaths. The study extended the observation period and determined the incidence, characteristics, and clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 BIs among 6213 HCWs. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections can occur despite vaccination, but the clinical course is favorable.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yu Rim Kim, Ji Yoon Baek, Seung Hee Seo, Hyeree Park, Sooyoung Cho, Aesun Shin
Summary: This study aimed to review the operational definitions of liver cancer used in studies based on the NHIS database and suggest the most appropriate one. After screening 90 articles, it was found that most studies did not specify whether the codes for the operational definition were from the main diagnosis or both the main and sub-diagnosis. The most frequently used operational definition was C22, and using C22.0 or C22.9 for men and C22.0 for women as the main diagnosis was suggested based on comparison with KCCR data.
JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seung Hee Seo, Sooyoung Cho, Shin Hye Yoo, Bhumsuk Keam, Aesun Shin
Summary: The first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea led to changes in healthcare service utilization. This study aimed to report the changes in healthcare service utilization among cancer patients during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea.
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)