Article
Immunology
Anna-Karin E. Palm, Sandra Kleinau
Summary: Marginal zone (MZ) B cells are a subset of innate-like B cells mainly found in the spleen, participating in quick responses to blood-borne pathogens and secreting natural antibodies. While typically non-pathogenic, they may contribute to breaking immunological tolerance under specific stimuli.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fabienne Burger, Kapka Miteva, Daniela Baptista, Aline Roth, Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva, Catherine Martel, Nikolaos Stergiopulos, Francois Mach, Karim J. Brandt
Summary: The study shows that follicular regulatory helper T cells (T-FR) can control regulatory B cell (B-REG) populations in mice models on a high-cholesterol diet, leading to the suppression of proatherogenic processes. This suggests that T-FR cells may have atheroprotective effects by modulating immune processes related to atherosclerosis.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrea Sabatini, Gisella Guerrera, Marta Corsetti, Gabriella Ruocco, Marco De Bardi, Sonia Renzi, Duccio Cavalieri, Luca Battistini, Daniela Francesca Angelini, Elisabetta Volpe
Summary: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a commensal yeast colonizer of mucosal surfaces and can become an opportunistic pathogen in the mucosa and bloodstream. It has been found that human dendritic cells (DCs) can sense S. cerevisiae and produce inflammatory cytokines and interferon-alpha in response. This finding highlights the role of DCs in regulating the host microbiota-immune system balance and the anti-fungal immune response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Can M. Sungur, Qiankun Wang, Ayse N. Ozanturk, Hongbo Gao, Aaron J. Schmitz, Marina Cella, Wayne M. Yokoyama, Liang Shan
Summary: The role of NK cells in HIV-1 infections was investigated using a humanized mouse model. The study showed that NK cells directly provided anti-HIV-1 responses in nonlymphoid organs, but had limited functionality in lymphoid organs. Antiretroviral therapy and a broadly neutralizing antibody, PGT121, were found to enhance NK cell function and reduce viral load.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xinzou Fan, Panyin Shu, Ying Wang, Ning Ji, Dunfang Zhang
Summary: Neutrophils are the predominant immune cells in human peripheral circulation that play a crucial role in fighting infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This review discusses the physiological roles of Th17 cells and neutrophils, their interactions, and their involvement in pathological processes. The study also provides a summary of drugs targeting IL-17A and their clinical trials.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ivan Ramirez De Oleo, Vera Kim, Yemil Atisha-Fregoso, Andrew J. Shih, Kyungwoo Lee, Betty Diamond, Sun Jung Kim
Summary: Since the discovery of age-associated or autoimmune-associated B cells (ABCs), there has been increasing interest in understanding their role in autoimmunity. ABCs have distinct functional properties compared to follicular B cells and have a unique transcriptomic profile focused on metabolism, cytokine signaling, and antigen uptake and processing. Treatment with metformin can suppress antigen presentation by ABCs and decrease differentiation of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. This study highlights the fundamental connection between metabolism and function in ABCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Artur Kibler, Bettina Budeus, Ralf Kueppers, Marc Seifert
Summary: The composition of human splenic marginal zone (sMZ) B cells changes significantly with age, with a major population of lowly Ig-mutated CD27neg but antigen-experienced B cells early in life.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raphael Jeger-Madiot, Romain Vaineau, Maud Heredia, Nicolas Tchitchek, Lisa Bertrand, Mathias Pereira, Oceane Konza, Bruno Gouritin, Benedicte Hoareau-Coudert, Aurelien Corneau, Catherine Blanc, Eric Savier, Pierre Buffet, Adrien Six, David Klatzmann, Arnaud Moris, Stephanie Graff-Dubois
Summary: CD4(+) T follicular helper cells play a crucial role in B cell maturation and antibody production. This study investigates the dynamics of naive and memory CD4(+) T cells in the generation of Tfh cell response, and reveals that both types of cells can acquire Tfh cell characteristics. The expression of pro-Tfh genes supports the transition of memory and naive CD4(+) T cells into the Tfh cell profile. HIV infection differentially affects these pathways of Tfh cell generation, providing a new framework for understanding Tfh cell responses.
Article
Immunology
Michela Ciocca, Salvatore Zaffina, Ane Fernandez Salinas, Chiara Bocci, Patrizia Palomba, Maria Giulia Conti, Sara Terreri, Giuseppe Frisullo, Ezio Giorda, Marco Scarsella, Rita Brugaletta, Maria Rosaria Vinci, Nicola Magnavita, Rita Carsetti, Eva Piano Mortari
Summary: The decline of the immune system in aging leads to decreased susceptibility to infections and reduced response to vaccination, especially in reacting to new pathogens. Research shows that elderly individuals have a significant reduction in CD27(dull) memory B cells, while having a higher population of specialized antigen-selected CD27(bright) memory B cells. Additionally, B cells from older individuals produce significantly fewer IgM and IgA antibodies compared to younger individuals after in vitro stimulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Balthasar A. Heesters, Kyah van Megesen, Ilhan Tomris, Robert P. de Vries, Giuliana Magri, Hergen Spits
Summary: FDCs play a crucial role in germinal centers by interacting with B cells and maintaining antigen gradients, while their transcriptome is still incompletely defined and some functions are substituted by MRCs and other cells. FDCs also express various genes related to T cell regulation, indicating an intimate connection with T cells.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrea Vecchione, Rachel Madley, Nichole Danzl, Chiara Borsotti, Mohsen Khosravi Marharlooei, Hao-Wei Li, Grace Nauman, Xiaolan Ding, Siu-Hong Ho, Georgia Fousteri, Megan Sykes
Summary: Interactions between B cells and CD4(+) T cells play a central role in the development of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Our study used a personalized immune (PI) mouse model to generate human immune systems de novo from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of patients with T1D or healthy controls (HCs). T1D-derived immune systems showed increased numbers of Tph-like and Tfh cells compared to HC-derived PI mice. Our findings suggest that T1D HSCs are genetically programmed to produce increased proportions of T cells that promote the development of unconventional, possibly autoreactive memory B cells.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Miranda L. Curtiss, Alexander F. Rosenberg, Christopher D. Scharer, Betty Mousseau, Natalia A. Ballesteros Benavides, John E. Bradley, Beatriz Leon, Chad Steele, Troy D. Randall, Frances E. Lund
Summary: CHI3L1 is found to play a significant role in allergic diseases based on data from patient cohorts and mouse models. In this study, Chi3l1 was shown to modulate T(H)2 and IL-4-producing T-FH cells, which are crucial for IgE responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Li-Wen Lo, Chia-Wei Chang, Ming-Feng Chiang, I-Ying Lin, Kuo- Lin
Summary: Recent studies have shown that MZ B cells play a crucial role in regulating neutrophil migration in the spleen during systemic S. aureus infection, contributing to pathogen clearance. The upregulation of IL-6 and CXCL1/CXCL2 in MZ B cells post-infection promotes neutrophil recruitment. Interaction between neutrophils and MZ B cells is pivotal for IgM-secreting cell differentiation and overall immune response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Bedel, J. Boutin, S. Amintas, I Lamrissi-Garcia, B. Rousseau, S. Poglio, P. Brunet de la Grange, I Moranvillier, J. M. Blouin, E. Richard, F. Moreau-Gaudry, S. Dabernat
Summary: The study demonstrates that intra-splenic injection of human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs) leads to high and sustained engraftment in immune-deficient mice, with higher chimerism compared to intravenous or intra-femoral injections. These results suggest that the spleen microenvironment serves as a niche for HSCs amplification and offers a new route for efficient HSC transplantation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Hiroyuki Yoshitomi, Hideki Ueno
Summary: The interactions between CD4(+)T cells and B cells are crucial for antibody responses and autoimmune diseases. Recent studies identified a new subset of CD4(+)B helper T cells called peripheral helper T (Tph) cells, which provide help to B cells in inflamed tissues and share some functions with Tfh cells.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)