Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yoon Jae Cho, Bokyoung Shin, Sung-Ha Lee, Sangmin Park, Yoon-Keun Kim, Jae-Jin Kim, Eunjoo Kim
Summary: This study analyzed urine microbiome profiles to explore the potential of the urine microbiome as a biomarker for pediatric ADHD. The ADHD group showed decreased alpha diversity and significant beta diversity differences compared to the control group. The genus Afipia exhibited significant correlations with ADHD symptoms, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for ADHD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Che-Sheng Chu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ju-Wei Hsu, Kai-Lin Huang, Chih-Ming Cheng, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Chih-Sung Liang, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: The study found that the progression rate from ADHD to BD is 5.12% among adolescents and young adults. Risk factors for progression include older age, comorbidity with other mental disorders, and alcohol use. Protective factors identified were male sex and certain personality disorders.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy M. Ni, Brittany S. Bowes, Douglas A. Ruff, Marlene R. Cohen
Summary: Most systems neuroscience studies can be categorized into basic science work and translational work. This study combines these two approaches and reveals that orally administered methylphenidate enhances spatially selective visual attention and improves visual performance. Furthermore, it suggests that decreased correlated variability of neurons may be a general mechanism for treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliane S. Sanches, Raquel Boia, Ricardo A. Leitao, Maria H. Madeira, Carlos A. Fontes-Ribeiro, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Rosa Fernandes, Ana Paula Silva
Summary: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children, and it is associated with ophthalmologic abnormalities. The effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on retinal physiology in ADHD are still unclear. This study used animal models to investigate the structural, functional, and cellular alterations in the retina of ADHD, as well as the impact of MPH. The findings revealed deficits in retinal structure, function, and neurons in the ADHD animal model, and MPH had a beneficial effect on reducing inflammation and blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. However, MPH had opposite effects in the control animals, impairing retinal function and promoting inflammation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elke Opper, Olga Kunina-Habenicht, Doris Oriwol, Anke Hanssen-Doose, Janina Krell-Roesch, Robert Schlack, Annette Worth, Alexander Woll
Summary: This study examined the development of muscular fitness and coordination in children and adolescents with and without ADHD over an 11-year period. The results showed that participants with ADHD had lower coordinative performance, and this difference persisted throughout the study period.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kelsey K. Wiggs, Rosanna Breaux, Joshua M. Langberg, James L. Peugh, Stephen P. Becker
Summary: This study examines the sleep differences in adolescents with ADHD who use stimulant medication. The findings suggest that stimulant treatment does not significantly affect the sleep of adolescents with ADHD.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Konstantin Mechler, Tobias Banaschewski, Sarah Hohmann, Alexander Hage
Summary: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Treatment options for ADHD include psychoeducation, pharmacological interventions, and non-pharmacological interventions. There is a need for improvement in current pharmacotherapeutic strategies and the development of novel medications.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Luca Katzenmajer-Pump, Daniel Komaromy, Judit Balazs
Summary: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and depression symptoms are strongly correlated with suicidal thoughts and planning among adolescents. This study emphasizes the importance of recognizing worthlessness for suicide prevention in adolescents with ADHD and supports previous findings that depression and anxiety symptoms mediate the relationship between ADHD and suicidal thoughts and planning. The comorbidity of ADHD with depression and GAD and their impact on suicidal thoughts and planning is also highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jelena Stankovic, Per Hove Thomsen, Therese Ovesen
Summary: The study found that adolescents diagnosed with ADHD performed poorly on chemosensory tests compared to their peers, but showed no significant differences in dietary preferences and food neophobia.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mia Schramm, Tatiana Goregliad Fjaellingsdal, Behrem Aslan, Paul Jung, Silke Lux, Marcel Schulze, Alexandra Philipsen
Summary: This study used electroencephalography to identify abnormal crossmodal activation in adult ADHD patients. The results showed an increased P200 amplitude in the visual channel of ADHD patients. Behavioral data analysis revealed poorer performance and higher discrimination thresholds in ADHD patients. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between the P200 component and sensation seeking behavior.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Nader Salari, Hooman Ghasemi, Nasrin Abdoli, Adibeh Rahmani, Mohammad Hossain Shiri, Amir Hossein Hashemian, Hakimeh Akbari, Masoud Mohammadi
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents. The results showed that the prevalence of ADHD was 7.6% (95% confidence interval: 6.1-9.4%) in children aged 3-12 years, and 5.6% (95% confidence interval: 4.8-7%) in teenagers aged 12-18 years. The study also found that the prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents according to the DSM-V criterion is higher than previous diagnostic criteria.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Correction
Psychology, Developmental
Julia M. Geissler, Timo D. Vloet, Nora Strom, Charlotte Jaite, Erika Graf, Viola Kappel, Andreas Warnke, Christian Jacob, Klaus Hennighausen, Barbara Haack-Dees, Katja Schneider-Momm, Swantje Matthies, Michael Roesler, Wolfgang Retz, Susann Haenig, Alexander von Gontard, Esther Sobanski, Barbara Alm, Sarah Hohmann, Luise Poustka, Michael Colla, Laura Gentschow, Christine M. Freitag, Alexander Haege, Martin Holtmann, Katja Becker, Alexandra Philipsen, Thomas Jans
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Martine Hoogman, Daan van Rooij, Marieke Klein, Premika Boedhoe, Iva Ilioska, Ting Li, Yash Patel, Merel C. Postema, Yanli Zhang-James, Evdokia Anagnostou, Celso Arango, Guillaume Auzias, Tobias Banaschewski, Claiton H. D. Bau, Marlene Behrmann, Mark A. Bellgrove, Daniel Brandeis, Silvia Brem, Geraldo F. Busatto, Sara Calderoni, Rosa Calvo, Francisco X. Castellanos, David Coghill, Annette Conzelmann, Eileen Daly, Christine Deruelle, Ilan Dinstein, Sarah Durston, Christine Ecker, Stefan Ehrlich, Jeffery N. Epstein, Damien A. Fair, Jacqueline Fitzgerald, Christine M. Freitag, Thomas Frodl, Louise Gallagher, Eugenio H. Grevet, Jan Haavik, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Joost Janssen, Georgii Karkashadze, Joseph A. King, Kerstin Konrad, Jonna Kuntsi, Luisa Lazaro, Jason P. Lerch, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Mario R. Louza, Beatriz Luna, Paulo Mattos, Jane McGrath, Filippo Muratori, Clodagh Murphy, Joel T. Nigg, Eileen Oberwelland-Weiss, Ruth L. O'Gorman Tuura, Kirsten O'Hearn, Jaap Oosterlaan, Mara Parellada, Paul Pauli, Kerstin J. Plessen, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Andreas Reif, Liesbeth Reneman, Alessandra Retico, Pedro G. P. Rosa, Katya Rubia, Philip Shaw, Tim J. Silk, Leanne Tamm, Oscar Vilarroya, Susanne Walitza, Neda Jahanshad, Stephen Faraone, Clyde Francks, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Tomas Paus, Paul M. Thompson, Jan K. Buitelaar, Barbara Franke
Summary: Neuroimaging has been extensively used to study brain structure and function in individuals with ADHD and ASD. However, there have been limitations in the current literature, such as small sample sizes and heterogeneous methods. To address these limitations, the ENIGMA-ADHD and ENIGMA-ASD working groups were established to collaborate on large-scale neuroimaging projects. The findings so far have shown overlap and unique differences in cortical structures between ASD and ADHD. Ongoing work is exploring other research questions.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Nico Bast, Luke Mason, Christine M. Freitag, Tim Smith, Ana Maria Portugal, Luise Poustka, Tobias Banaschewski, Mark Johnson
Summary: Visual exploration in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by attenuated social attention. The study found that during free viewing of naturalistic videos, ASD participants showed decreased saccade duration and amplitude, independent of human video content. These saccade features were correlated with measures of restricted and repetitive behavior within ASD.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sophia A. C. Wellnitz, Isabella Kaestel, Leonora Vllasaliu, Hannah Cholemkery, Christine M. Freitag, Nico Bast
Summary: The study developed a concise and simplified version of the CCC-2, named CCC-R, which consists of two subscales assessing pragmatic language and grammatical-semantic language impairments in children and adolescents. The CCC-R was found to effectively distinguish between different clinical groups and is proposed as a short and clinically relevant caregiver questionnaire.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jenny van Dongen, Fiona A. Hagenbeek, Matthew Suderman, Peter J. Roetman, Karen Sugden, Andreas G. Chiocchetti, Khadeeja Ismail, Rosa H. Mulder, Jonathan D. Hafferty, Mark J. Adams, Rosie M. Walker, Stewart W. Morris, Jari Lahti, Leanne K. Kupers, Georgia Escaramis, Silvia Alemany, Marc Jan Bonder, Mandy Meijer, Hill F. Ip, Rick Jansen, Bart M. L. Baselmans, Priyanka Parmar, Estelle Lowry, Fabian Streit, Lea Sirignano, Tabea S. Send, Josef Frank, Juulia Jylhava, Yunzhang Wang, Pashupati Prasad Mishra, Olivier F. Colins, David L. Corcoran, Richie Poulton, Jonathan Mill, Eilis Hannon, Louise Arseneault, Tellervo Korhonen, Eero Vuoksimaa, Janine F. Felix, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg, Archie Campbell, Darina Czamara, Elisabeth Binder, Eva Corpeleijn, Juan R. Gonzalez, Regina Grazuleviciene, Kristine B. Gutzkow, Jorunn Evandt, Marina Vafeiadi, Marieke Klein, Dennis van der Meer, Lannie Ligthart, Cornelis Kluft, Gareth E. Davies, Christian Hakulinen, Liisa Keltikangas-Jarvinen, Barbara Franke, Christine M. Freitag, Kerstin Konrad, Amaia Hervas, Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas, Agnes Vetro, Olli Raitakari, Terho Lehtimaki, Robert Vermeiren, Timo Strandberg, Katri Raikkonen, Harold Snieder, Stephanie H. Witt, Michael Deuschle, Nancy L. Pedersen, Sara Hagg, Jordi Sunyer, Lude Franke, Jaakko Kaprio, Miina Ollikainen, Terrie E. Moffitt, Henning Tiemeier, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Caroline Relton, Martine Vrijheid, Sylvain Sebert, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Avshalom Caspi, Kathryn L. Evans, Andrew M. McIntosh, Meike Bartels, Dorret Boomsma
Summary: The study identified DNA methylation sites associated with aggressive behavior and suggested they may be sensitive to chemical exposures. A significant portion of the aggression-methylation association was found to be explained by smoking and BMI. These findings may lead to applications as peripheral biomarkers and reveal causal relationships with aggression and related traits.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Jutta S. Mayer, Anka Bernhard, Nikola Fann, Sara Boxhoorn, Catharina A. Hartman, Andreas Reif, Christine M. Freitag
Summary: This review examines the increased risk of major depressive disorder in young adults with ADHD and explores neurocognitive impairments as possible underlying mechanisms for ADHD-depression comorbidity. Findings suggest that during acute depression, cognitive deficits in children and adults overlap with some of the ADHD-related impairments.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Kaiser, Pascal-M Aggensteiner, Martin Holtmann, Andreas Fallgatter, Marcel Romanos, Karina Abenova, Barbara Alm, Katja Becker, Manfred Dopfner, Thomas Ethofer, Christine M. Freitag, Julia Geissler, Johannes Hebebrand, Michael Huss, Thomas Jans, Lea Teresa Jendreizik, Johanna Ketter, Tanja Legenbauer, Alexandra Philipsen, Luise Poustka, Tobias Renner, Wolfgang Retz, Michael Roesler, Johannes Thome, Henrik Uebel-von Sandersleben, Elena von Wirth, Toivo Zinnow, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Nathalie E. Holz, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis
Summary: The study focused on the percentage of artifact-free EEG segments as a data quality index, analyzing participant-related and methodological influences and replicating landmark EEG effects. The results showed strong relationships between EEG data quality and demographic characteristics, and replicated maturational, task, and ADHD effects. Poor data quality was found to significantly increase spectral power beyond participant characteristics and symptom severity. Overall, the results suggest the feasibility of large-scale trials characterizing neurophysiological mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disorders with careful design and quality control.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kerstin Konrad, Gregor Kohls, Sarah Baumann, Anka Bernhard, Anne Martinelli, Katharina Ackermann, Areti Smaragdi, Karen Gonzalez-Madruga, Amy Wells, Jack C. Rogers, Ruth Pauli, Roberta Clanton, Rosalind Baker, Linda Kersten, Martin Pratzlich, Helena Oldenhof, Lucres Jansen, Anneke Kleeven, Aitana Bigorra, Amaia Hervas, Inaki Kerexeta-Lizeaga, Eva Sesma-Pardo, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Torres, Reka Siklosi, Roberta Dochnal, Zacharias Kalogerakis, Mara Pirlympou, Leonidas Papadakos, Harriet Cornwell, Wolfgang Scharke, Dimitris Dikeos, Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas, Arne Popma, Christina Stadler, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Stephane A. De Brito, Graeme Fairchild, Christine M. Freitag
Summary: This study found significant sex differences in comorbidity patterns and clinical presentation of CD, with girls with CD usually developing the disorder during adolescence. Female CD patients had higher rates of comorbid lifetime mental disorders and more severe CD symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Lisa Kromer, Tomasz A. Jarczok, Heike Althen, Andreas M. Muhlherr, Vanessa Howland, Stefanie M. Jungmann, Christine M. Freitag
Summary: Interpretation bias and dysfunctional social assumptions play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of social phobia. This study investigated implicit assumptions and interpretation bias in youth with severe, chronic social phobia and found that they exhibited interpretation bias, especially in the implicit processing of faces.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Gara Arteaga-Henriquez, Alejandro Arias Vasquez, Phil Asherson, Tobias Banaschewski, Isabell Brikell, Jan Buitelaar, Bru Cormand, Stephen Faraone, Christine M. Freitag, Ylva Ginsberg, Jan Haavik, Catharina A. Hartman, Jonna Kuntsi, Henrik Larsson, Silke Matura, Rhiannon McNeill, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Marcel Romanos, Isabella Vainieri, Barbara Franke, Andreas Reif
Summary: There is a correlation between ADHD and non-mental diseases, possibly due to shared pathologic mechanisms and genetic risk factors. Neglecting these co-occurring conditions may result in missed diagnoses and suboptimal treatment.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sarah Baumann, Anka Bernhard, Anne Martinelli, Katharina Ackermann, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Christine Freitag, Kerstin Konrad, Gregor Kohls
Summary: Due to modern technological innovations, aggressive behaviors have extended to the cyberspace, giving rise to cyberbullying as a new concern. Individuals with conduct disorder are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying, with factors such as gender and callous-unemotional traits playing a role.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Developmental
Stephanie Hope Ameis, Christine M. Freitag, Antonio Hardan
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christina Luckhardt, Andreas M. Muehlherr, Magdalena Schuetz, Tomasz A. Jarczok, Stefanie M. Jungmann, Vanessa Howland, Lisa Veit, Heike Althen, Christine M. Freitag
Summary: This study investigates the neural correlates of reward anticipation and processing in youth with severe social phobia and comorbid depression (SP/MDD). It finds that both SP and MDD symptoms contribute to reduced reward anticipation and processing, with SP symptoms associated with enhanced neural activation and MDD symptoms associated with decreased neural activity.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Lisa Veit, Stefanie Maria Jungmann, Christine Margarete Freitag
Summary: This exploratory study investigates the changes in anxiety-specific implicit assumptions and interpretation bias in youths with social phobia after daycare or inpatient intervention. The results suggest that DC/IN may lead to meaningful improvements in anxiety-specific cognition in individuals with high social phobia symptoms, highlighting the relevance of cognitive behavioral approaches in the treatment of social phobia.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Juliane E. Medda, Janina Kitzerow, Sabine Schlitt, Kerstin Berndt, Christina Schwenck, Lorenz Uhlmann, Christine M. Freitag
Summary: This study found that psychoeducational parent training using FAUT-E was effective in improving children's behavior, with medium pre-post effects observed. The program did not increase parental stress and was easy to implement, aligning with results from other training programs for parents of children with ASD.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE
(2021)
