Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luigi Castelli, Matilde Tumino, Luciana Carraro
Summary: This study examines whether people rely on the presence of face masks when encoding information about others. The results show that face masks act as cues for encoding information, leading participants to attribute a sentence to a speaker who is wearing or not wearing a face mask. The study also confirms previous research on the positive evaluation of mask wearers compared to non-wearers and the detrimental impact that face masks may have on the correct identification of social targets.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cristina Baus, Elisa Ruiz-Tada, Carles Escera, Albert Costa
Summary: This study found that language categorization influences face identification. Participants were more likely to confuse faces within the same language category than between different language categories. At the neural level, early vMMN responses were stronger for faces from different language categories, while larger vMMNs were obtained for faces from the same language category at a later stage.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Taishi Ito, Yuki Endo, Yoshihiro Kanamori
Summary: Facial age transformation methods can change facial appearance according to the target age. However, most existing methods do not consider the diversity of age-dependent attributes and the accuracy of age transformation to childhood. To address these issues, this paper proposes an age transformation method based on latent space analysis of StyleGAN. The method obtains diverse age-transformed images by manipulating age-dependent attributes in a latent space, and improves the accuracy of age transformation to childhood using an unsupervised approach.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shifeng Zhang, Cheng Chi, Zhen Lei, Stan Z. Li
Summary: The paper introduces a single-shot refinement face detector named RefineFace, which achieves high-performance face detection through five modules. Experimental results demonstrate that the method achieves state-of-the-art results on multiple datasets.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Husnain Rafiq, Nauman Aslam, Muhammad Aleem, Biju Issac, Rizwan Hamid Randhawa
Summary: Due to the widespread usage of Android smartphones, Android malware has become a significant security concern. Instead of creating new versions, malware authors often repackage existing malicious applications, resulting in a high percentage of repacked malware in benchmark datasets. This research investigates three Android malware datasets and quantifies the presence of repacked malware using package names-based similarity. The findings reveal a substantial amount of repacked malware in the analyzed datasets. Additionally, a new Android malware detector, AndroMalPack, is introduced, which shows impressive detection accuracy and minimal false-positive rates despite being trained on reduced datasets. The publication of cloned app datasets aims to promote research in the analysis of repacked malware.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Simen Hagen, Aliette Lochy, Corentin Jacques, Louis Maillard, Sophie Colnat-Coulbois, Jacques Jonas, Bruno Rossion
Summary: The study compared face-selective and word-selective responses in patients with intracerebral electrodes, finding that the neural circuitry for faces and written words in the human brain is largely dissociated. Spatial dissociations were also observed within core regions of face and word processing, highlighting a separation between the two categories in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jyothi S. Nayak, M. Indiramma
Summary: In facial biometric-based authentication systems, gender classification can be used as a preprocessing stage to improve response time and recognition accuracy by using only facial images that are consistent with the user's gender.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY-COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jian Zhao, Shuicheng Yan, Jiashi Feng
Summary: Despite advances in face recognition, recognizing faces across ages remains a challenge. A deep Age-Invariant Model (AIM) is proposed to jointly perform face synthesis and recognition, achieving remarkable rejuvenation/aging and disentangling age variation. The model outperforms existing techniques on benchmark datasets and demonstrates promising generalization ability in unconstrained face recognition.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Debbie S. Ma, Justin Kantner, Bernd Wittenbrink
Summary: Research focuses on the perception and racial categorization of multiracial individuals, but there is a lack of studies using faces of real multiracial individuals. This study provides a set of high-resolution, standardized images featuring 88 real multiracial individuals for further research.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sripadma Parupalli, Siddi Akhsitha, Diksha Naval, Prathyusha Kasam, Suprajareddy Yavagiri
Summary: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as COVID-19, has caused anxiety in recent years due to its contagious nature. Using face masks is considered the primary containment measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Face mask detection using object detection techniques, such as the YOLOv2 algorithm, provides an effective way to monitor people in public places. The modified YOLO algorithm, with a simplified architecture compared to YOLOv2, shows promising results in terms of accuracy and detection time.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Charles C-F Or, Talia L. Retter, Bruno Rossion
Summary: The study shows that the face-selective neural representation is equally robust for full-front and 3/4 side faces in the human brain, but full-front views provide a slightly earlier processing advantage compared to rotated views.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhizhong Huang, Junping Zhang, Hongming Shan
Summary: To minimize the impact of age variation on face recognition, a unified multi-task framework called MTLFace is proposed to learn age-invariant identity-related representation for face recognition and achieve pleasing face synthesis. The framework decomposes mixed face features into identity- and age-related features and uses an attention-based method and a novel identity conditional module for face synthesis. Experimental results demonstrate that MTLFace outperforms state-of-the-art methods for both age-invariant face recognition and face age synthesis.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Puneeth N. Chakravarthula, Yuliy Tsank, Miguel P. Eckstein
Summary: In a study comparing face categorization tasks between North and South Indian faces, observers did not change their first eye movement strategy from that used in person identification tasks. Fixating away from the preferred point of fixation reduced observer performance in person identification but not ethnicity categorization tasks, indicating that task information for the latter task can be accessed from various points of fixation. This suggests that utilizing the typical person identification first eye movement strategy for ethnicity categorization tasks does not incur significant performance costs.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matt C. Howard
Summary: Despite popular belief, older individuals are only slightly less likely to wear face masks compared to younger individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no significant relationship between age and face mask perceptions, and the mediating effect of face mask perceptions is not consistent, suggesting the need for further exploration of explanatory mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shi Luo, Xiongfei Li, Xiaoli Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a method to improve face detection by replacing misaligned annotations with predicted bounding-boxes. The proposed Bounding-Box Deep Calibration (BDC) method achieves higher precision and recall rates without increasing inference time and memory consumption.
IET COMPUTER VISION
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Alexander Pastukhov, Malin Styrnal, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: Multistability refers to spontaneous switches of perception when viewing a stimulus compatible with multiple percepts, and is characterized by the distribution of dominance durations. This distribution shape is Gamma-like and dependent on perceptual history, resulting from a balance between self-adaptation and noise. Our study confirmed that larger differences in self-adaptation lead to a more normal-like distribution, but also result in less regular dominance phases due to longer recovery times from adaptation, which gives noise more chances to induce spontaneous switches. Furthermore, it is important to note that individual dominance phases are not independently and identically distributed.
Article
Ophthalmology
Alexander Pastukhov, Lisa Kossmann, Claus -Christian Carbon
Summary: This study investigated how the perceptual memory of multistable displays is formed and found that it is a consequence of an earlier evidence accumulation process, reflecting how the visual system treated ambiguity in the past.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Marina A. A. Pavlova, Claus-Christian Carbon, Yann Coello, Arseny A. A. Sokolov, Alice M. M. Proverbio
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: When visiting sculptures in museums, we are often fascinated by the skillful use of materials, the dynamic body language, or the impressiveness of the statues' size, like Michelangelo's David. However, the lifelike quality of the faces is less convincing. Most visitors find them expressionless and lacking vitality. By adding accessories like facemasks or sunglasses, these lifeless sculptures can become more vivid and animated. This effect is demonstrated by applying a facemask and sunglasses to a sculpture in Bamberg, but it can be observed in any available sculpture. This simple method can help bridge the gap between viewers and sculptures, enhancing interaction and engagement.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sandra Utz, Ronja Mueller, Tilo Strobach, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: After observing faces with manipulated complexion, people quickly adapt to these changes and sustain the new representations in memory for at least 5 minutes. This suggests that we optimize our processing through adaptation and pay attention to changes in complexion for deeper analysis.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Niklas Alexander Doebler, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: Exploration of outer space is fascinating and thought-provoking. Exopsychology focuses on how humans and extraterrestrials think, feel, and behave, seeking to enrich the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). Applying an affordance perspective helps understand the psychological configurations required for SETI and the importance of socio-material environment in space exploration.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Niklas Alexander Doebler, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: Technology allows humans to adapt their environment and modify themselves. Human enhancement, through embodied technologies, is a historical and pervasive phenomenon that can potentially change the notion of being human. The debate about human enhancement should focus on its transformative nature and its impact on human practice.
INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Malin Styrnal, Claus-Christian Carbon, Alexander Pastukhov
Summary: Perceptual multistability is a well-known phenomenon in visual perception, where physically stable stimuli produce qualitatively different percepts. This study explores multistability of meaning in linguistics, specifically with homonyms that have multiple assigned meanings. The results suggest that multistability is a general property of the brain's neural architecture, resolving ambiguity in various domains.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Sandra Utz, Ronja Mueller, Tilo Strobach, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: While sunbathing, our skin undergoes noticeable changes in appearance, particularly freckles becoming more intense on the face. Research has shown that observing manipulated faces leads to sustained changes in perception of subsequently presented faces. This study found significant adaptation effects to increased and decreased levels of freckles.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Fatemeh Khozaei, Claus-Christian Carbon, Mi Jeong Kim, Qamar Ul Islam, Wesam Beitelmal, Israr Ul Hassan
Summary: This research investigates the impact of missing visual information on tourists' decision-making processes and visit intention. The study finds that tourists can anticipate their overall experience of a location by inferring the resemblance of unseen areas to the images they have viewed, even without prior exposure or information. The study provides valuable insights into the cognitive processes underlying tourism decision-making and how people form expectations of new and unfamiliar places.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM CITIES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sadia Sadia, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: This practice-based case study investigates the subjective aesthetic and affective responses to a shift from 2D stereo-based modeling to 3D object-based Dolby Atmos in an audio installation artwork. The study focuses on examining the effect of altered spatiality with an infinite number of placements on the psychoacoustic and neuroaesthetic response to the text. The findings suggest that 3D object-based audio is more effective than traditional stereo and 2D formats in expressing and communicating emotion, and the change in spatiality has an impact on the psychoacoustic and neuroaesthetic response to the text. These findings have promising implications for health and well-being.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Sociology
Christina Elisabeth Knossalla, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: Splitting off departments to establish corporate start-ups is strategically important for corporate performance and innovation. This study explores the existence of entrepreneurship in corporate start-ups and its contribution to corporate performance. The findings suggest that positioning leaders with the right mindset and behavior at all levels during the split-off process is crucial. Additionally, entrepreneurship is a continuum and requires a new definition of corporate start-up entrepreneurship. Success in corporate start-ups is dependent on factors such as appropriate legal form, explorative business, variable compensation, and corporate entrepreneurs.
FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Communication
Patricia Ganske, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: Communication is critical in various fields. Successful intra-organizational communication builds trust and empowers leaders to lead effectively, motivating employees and contributing to organizational performance. In the context of cluster management, communication within the cluster, especially between leadership and members, is pivotal for successful development.
FRONTIERS IN COMMUNICATION
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Aurora Berni, Yuri Borgianni, Demis Basso, Claus-Christian Carbon
Summary: This paper provides insights into research on UX design and offers recommendations for design practitioners by identifying common issues. The study shows that while UX plays a significant role in revealing design requirements, its ability to guide design processes is debatable due to the lack of concrete guidelines for practitioners. To address these issues, the authors propose a checklist to enhance the reliability and comparability of UX studies in design.
Article
Neurosciences
Niklas Alexander Doebler, Claus-Christian Carbon, Harald Schaub
Summary: Organizations strive to ensure the reliability, safety, security, usability, and competitiveness of their processes, goods, and services. Enhancing employee skills through technological means, known as Human Enhancement, is a controversial yet historically significant phenomenon. Motivated by internal or external demands, Human Enhancement can take various forms, some illicit and condemned, while others are obligatory and well-established. Organizational culture can incentivize engagement with illicit means of Human Enhancement.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT
(2023)
