Article
Neurosciences
Joram Soch, Anni Richter, Hartmut Schuetze, Jasmin M. Kizilirmak, Anne Assmann, Gusalija Behnisch, Hannah Feldhoff, Larissa Fischer, Julius Heil, Lea Knopf, Christian Merkel, Matthias Raschick, Clara-Johanna Schietke, Annika Schult, Constanze Seidenbecher, Renat Yakupov, Gabriel Ziegler, Jens Wiltfang, Emrah Duezel, Bjoern H. Schott
Summary: As older adults, especially those at risk for dementia, show declines in memory performance, fMRI can be used to detect alterations in memory network activity. The FADE and FADE-SAME scores are developed as potential biomarkers for successful aging and are correlated with behavioral measures of cognitive aging.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Spencer, Yu Ryan Yue, David Bolin, Sarah Ryan, Amanda F. Mejia
Summary: The general linear model (GLM) is a popular tool for estimating brain response and identifying activation areas, but it has limitations. The surface-based spatial Bayesian GLM leverages activation patterns and produces more accurate estimates. It is reliable for individual subjects and can detect functional topologies even in small samples.
Article
Neurosciences
Harm J. van Der Horn, Andrew B. Dodd, Tracey V. Wick, Cidney R. Robertson-Benta, Jessica R. Mcquaid, Anne K. Hittson, Josef M. Ling, Vadim Zotev, Sephira G. Ryman, Erik B. Erhardt, John P. Phillips, Richard A. Campbell, Robert E. Sapien, Andrew R. Mayer
Summary: There is an increasing amount of research suggesting that pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) may lead to cerebral pathophysiological processes that extend beyond the usual clinical recovery timeline. This study used fMRI to examine neural processes related to cognitive control in 181 pmTBI patients at sub-acute and early chronic stages post-injury. The results showed alterations in neural functioning during cognitive control up to 4 months post-injury, regardless of clinical recovery.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Baena, Zhuo Fang, Laura B. Ray, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
Summary: Sleep spindles have been identified as electrophysiological neuronal biomarkers of cognitive abilities and aptitudes. This study examines the relationship between cognitive abilities and activation of brain areas during different types of sleep spindles. The results suggest that the coupling status of sleep spindles is important in determining their relationship with cognitive abilities, with coupled spindles showing positive correlation with Reasoning abilities and uncoupled slow waves showing negative correlation.
Article
Biology
Charlie S. Burlingham, Minyoung Ryoo, Zvi N. Roth, Saghar Mirbagheri, David J. Heeger, Elisha P. Merriam
Summary: Early visual cortex exhibits widespread hemodynamic responses in the absence of visual stimulation, which are entrained to the timing of a task and not predicted by local neural activity. These task-related responses (TRRs) covary with reward magnitude and physiological signatures of arousal. Furthermore, TRRs change on a trial-to-trial basis according to behavioral performance and task difficulty, suggesting that they reflect arousal and behavior on the timescale of individual trials.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Patricia Mesa-Gresa, Jose-Antonio Gil-Gomez, Jose Antonio Lozano-Quilis, Konstanze Schoeps, Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
Summary: This study examines the electrophysiological correlates of emotional response in adolescents and young adults using electroencephalography measures. The findings indicate differences in cortical neural activity based on the valence and arousal of the images, highlighting the significant differences in emotional responses between adolescents and young adults.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingzhu Hou, Erin D. Horne, Marianne de Chastelaine, Michael D. Rugg
Summary: Age-related decline in episodic memory is partly due to the reduced general processing resources in older adults. However, the effects of divided attention on associative information retrieval and representation seem to be minimal.
Article
Neurosciences
Ozlem Korucuoglu, Michael P. Harms, Serguei Astafiev, Semyon Golosheykin, James T. Kennedy, M. Deanna, Andrey P. Anokhin
Summary: This study investigated the test-retest reliability (TRR) of response inhibition (RI) and error monitoring (EM)-related brain activations using a stop signal task in young adults. It identified brain regions with good TRR for RI and EM activations, with certain regions showing higher reliability and factors such as task duration and motion affecting the reliability. The study also found that applying a noise removal method improved the reliability of the results.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Francisco Abelardo Robles Aguirre, Oscar Rene Marrufo-Melendez, Roger Carrillo Mezo, Ruben Torres Agustin, Marisol Nunez Soria, Natalia Arias-Trejo, Wendy Fabiola Lara Galindo, Juan Silva-Pereyra, Mario Arturo Rodriguez-Camacho
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of frontal, temporal, parietal, and insular regions in postlexical retrospective semantic matching. The results showed increased activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus for related pairs and pseudowords, and a large cluster of activation in the left fusiform gyrus for unrelated pairs. The right insula was also activated for unrelated pairs and pseudoword conditions. Additionally, all conditions exhibited decreased activity in the left precuneus/parieto-occipital sulcus.
COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sukru Baris Demiral, Christopher Kure Liu, Helene Benveniste, Dardo Tomasi, Nora D. Volkow
Summary: Eye blinking is associated with arousal and attention. Through fMRI scanning, we found that BOLD activations in the ascending arousal network (AAN) nuclei peaked prior to eye blinks, and thalamic nuclei peaked prior to and during the blink, supporting the role of eye blinking in arousal surges. Visual cortex also showed peak activation prior to eye blinks, indicating its involvement in arousal, while cerebellum showed peak activation after eye blinks, possibly reflecting downstream engagement from arousal surges.
Article
Neurosciences
Sofia Isabel Ribeiro Pereira, Maria-Efstratia Tsimpanouli, Isabel Hutchison, Jules Schneider, Ian M. Anderson, Martyn McFarquhar, Rebecca Elliott, Penelope A. Lewis
Summary: The study aimed to examine the impact of targeted memory reactivation (TMR) during slow wave sleep (SWS) on neural processing of emotional memories. The results showed that cueing neutral stimuli increased activity in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), while cueing negative stimuli led to decreased OFC activation. In addition, the effect of cueing on amygdala activation was modulated by time spent in REM sleep.
Article
Psychiatry
Babette Jakobi, Alejandro Arias-Vasquez, Erno Hermans, Priscilla Vlaming, Jan Buitelaar, Barbara Franke, Martine Hoogman, Daan van Rooij
Summary: The study reveals that reactive aggression in ADHD patients is associated with increased activity levels in specific brain regions and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms. Furthermore, the neural activation patterns in processing emotional faces are similar between ADHD and non-ADHD individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
P. Fuentes-Claramonte, L. Lopez-Araquistain, S. Sarro, B. Sans-Sansa, J. Ortiz-Gil, T. Maristany, R. Salvador, P. J. McKenna, E. Pomarol-Clotet
Summary: The study provides functional imaging evidence supporting the view that FTD in schizophrenia may involve impaired executive/frontal function, particularly related to alogia. The correlations were found in areas including the inferior frontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kathrin N. Eckstein, Dirk Wildgruber, Thomas Ethofer, Carolin Brueck, Heike Jacob, Michael Erb, Benjamin Kreifelts
Summary: Human nonverbal social signals are mainly transmitted through vocal and facial cues. It is still unknown whether there are specialized regions during resting state to process these cues. This study analyzed resting state functional connectivity and voice/face preferential activations in 60 healthy individuals using fMRI. The results revealed characteristic network patterns in resting state connectivity and shared neural resources for voice and face processing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesco Neri, Stefano F. Cappa, Lucia Mencarelli, Davide Momi, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Simone Rossi
Summary: This study investigated the recruitment of brain networks during story recollection process using an ecological fMRI free recall task. The results showed that free recall enhanced the activity of brain networks such as language, left executive control, default mode, and precuneus. The recruitment of the anterior angular gyrus may serve as a marker for optimal functioning in the recall process.
Article
Psychiatry
Sandra Miethe, Markus Muehlhan, Sebastian Trautmann
Summary: This study analyzed the association between phobias, other anxiety disorders, stress disorders, depressive disorders, substance use disorders, and repetitive negative thinking (RNT) in 194 treatment-seeking individuals. The results showed that RNT was significantly associated with distress in all diagnostic categories, with high effect sizes, except for phobias. These associations were not attributed to general emotion regulation abilities. The findings suggest that RNT may contribute to distress in various mental disorders, highlighting its potential for transdiagnostic interventions.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Carolin Spindler, Louisa Mallien, Sebastian Trautmann, Nina Alexander, Markus Muehlhan
Summary: White matter (WM) alterations are significant in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and these changes may contribute to motor, cognitive, affective, and perceptual impairments. However, further research is needed to understand the variations of WM alterations over the course of the disorder and their reversibility with prolonged abstinence.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Julius Steding, Franziska Ritschel, Ilka Boehm, Daniel Geisler, Joseph A. King, Veit Roessner, Michael N. Smolka, Florian Daniel Zepf, Stefan Ehrlich
Summary: This study investigated the neural responses related to reward processing in individuals with a history of anorexia nervosa (recAN) during acute tryptophan depletion (ATD). The results suggested a normalization of reward-related neural responses in recAN during ATD.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Sebastian Trautmann, Charlotte Wittgens, Markus Muehlhan, Philipp Kanske
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Marxen, Johanna E. Graff, Philipp Riedel, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: The study demonstrates a novel method called CTMC that allows the extraction of relative timing information of regional brain activity during attention capture. It reveals that early activity in the dorsal anterior insula is predictive of behavioral performance, while signals from the amygdala and ventral anterior insula are not. This finding provides new insights into the brain's salience processing and emphasizes the role of the dorsal anterior insula in this context.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Miriam Sebold, Stefan J. Kiebel, Michael N. Smolka, Andreas Heinz, Lorenz Deserno
Summary: This article reviews the role of reinforcement learning (RL) and economic choice models in explaining the development and maintenance of symptoms in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Findings suggest challenges and important gaps that need to be addressed in applying research findings to clinical practice.
NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Frauke Nees, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L. W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivieres, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Yvonne Grimmer, Andreas Heinz, Rudiger Bruehl, Corinna Isensee, Andreas Becker, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Eric Artiges, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Herve Lemaitre, Argyris Stringaris, Betteke van Noort, Tomas Paus, Jani Penttila, Sabina Millenet, Juliane H. Froehner, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Luise Poustka
Summary: This study examined brain morphology in a group of 14-15-year-old adolescents and found that autistic traits were predicted by volumetric changes in the amygdala, cerebellum, and hippocampus, with effects differing by gender. Cortical thickness in the superior frontal region was negatively correlated with autistic traits.
Article
Substance Abuse
Anja Kraeplin, Kathe Friederike Kupka, Juliane H. Froehner, Klaus-Martin Kroenke, Max Wolff, Michael N. Smolka, Gerhard Buehringer, Thomas Goschke
Summary: This study aims to examine whether personality traits can predict the course of addictive behaviors, and found that higher neuroticism, lower conscientiousness, lower agreeableness, higher extraversion, lower openness, higher reward sensitivity, and lower punishment sensitivity are moderately to highly associated with increased addictive behaviors over time, with stronger predictive associations observed for non-substance related addictive behaviors.
SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Chen, Matthew J. Belanger, Maria Garbusow, Soeren Kuitunen-Paul, Quentin J. M. Huys, Andreas Heinz, Michael A. Rapp, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: Pavlovian cues can affect ongoing instrumental behavior, and susceptibility to interference between Pavlovian and instrumental control can predict drinking trajectories and hazardous alcohol use during young adulthood. The interference PIT effect is characterized by increased error rates and enhanced neural responses in specific brain regions during conflict situations. Stronger neural responses during conflict at age 18 were associated with higher drinking trajectories, while high error rates and enhanced neural responses at age 21 predicted increasing alcohol consumption until age 24. Targeted interventions may be beneficial for individuals at higher risk.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Charlotte Wittgens, Markus Muehlhan, Anja Kraeplin, Max Wolff, Sebastian Trautmann
Summary: Excessive alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders are major public health concerns. This study aims to identify the underlying mechanisms and moderators of the relationship between stress and alcohol consumption, providing valuable targets for future interventions.
Article
Neurosciences
Christian Baeuchl, Franka Gloeckner, Christoph Koch, Johannes Petzold, Nicolas W. Schuck, Michael N. Smolka, Shu-Chen Li
Summary: The aging process leads to changes in spatial navigation behavior, with older adults relying more on proximal location cues instead of environmental boundaries. Deficient dopaminergic modulation may contribute to errors during spatial navigation in older adults. Administering levodopa in young and older adults affected brain responses and memory retrieval differently, with older adults showing upregulation in the medial temporal lobe and brainstem. While L-DOPA had no effect on older adults' overall memory performance, it improved spatial memory and increased boundary processing in some individuals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fanny Weber-Goericke, Markus Muehlhan
Summary: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) to compare functional connectivity patterns between high worriers and low worriers. The results did not reveal any differences in resting-state functional connectivity related to pathological worry. The authors discuss whether these null findings are due to spontaneous fluctuations in momentary worry and the presence of multiple fluctuating brain states that cancel each other out.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Maik Spreer, Xina Graehlert, Ina-Maria Klut, Feras Al Hamdan, Wolfgang H. Sommer, Martin H. Plawecki, Sean O'Connor, Michael Boettcher, Cathrin Sauer, Michael N. Smolka, Ulrich S. Zimmermann
Summary: This registered clinical trial aimed to validate a laboratory test system (TESMA) for screening medications for alcoholism treatment under different contingencies of alcohol reinforcement. The results showed that naltrexone had a slight reduction effect on alcohol consumption, but this difference was not statistically significant.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johannes Petzold, Angela Hentschel, Hao Chen, Soeren Kuitunen-Paul, Edythe D. London, Andreas Heinz, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: This study found that low loss aversion, high delay discounting, and risk-seeking for gains contribute to the development of hazardous alcohol use in young men. Choice preferences and consistency have different relationships with alcohol involvement, suggesting distinct cognitive-behavioral patterns that should be considered in harm reduction interventions.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Maximilian Fascher, Sandra Nowaczynski, Carolin Spindler, Tilo Strobach, Markus Muehlhan
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)