Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vincent Breton-Provencher, Gabrielle T. Drummond, Jiesi Feng, Yulong Li, Mriganka Sur
Summary: Noradrenaline released from the locus coeruleus (LC) affects arousal, action, and learning. Activation of noradrenaline-expressing neurons in the LC promotes task execution and reinforcement. Different noradrenaline signals are distributed differently in the cortical regions, with some signals facilitating task execution and others improving response sensitivity.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Hana Mir, James Stidham, Michel Pleimling
Summary: This study analyzes a structured heterogeneous system with a species having an advantage to escape predation in a habitat. Contrary to expectations, the predator of the advantaged species becomes the dominant species in the habitat. The species with the advantage initially has lower density until a threshold for the escape rate is exceeded, after which it overtakes its prey. The analysis is extended to a six-species system with spontaneous spiral waves.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Liang, Karthikeyan Balasubramanian, Vasileios Papadourakis, Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos
Summary: This study demonstrates a link between the direction of cortical propagation and specific behavioral features of movement. By recording local field potentials, the researchers found that the exact direction of propagating patterns varied systematically according to initial movement direction, enabling kinematic predictions. The findings suggest that including mesoscopic spatiotemporal characteristics in brain-machine interfaces can enhance predictive capabilities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yabo Zhao, Ruiyang Chen, Peng Zang, Liuqian Huang, Shifa Ma, Shaojian Wang
Summary: This study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in carbon intensity levels related to energy consumption in 208 countries globally from 2000 to 2018. The results reveal a significant decrease in carbon intensity globally, with a heterogeneous spatial distribution. The study also identifies the influencing factors of carbon intensity and their spatial heterogeneity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marcello Costa, Timothy J. Hibberd, Lauren J. Keightley, Lukasz Wiklendt, Melinda A. Kyloh, Phil G. Dinning, Simon J. H. Brookes, Nick J. Spencer
Summary: Soft faecal material is transformed into pellet-shaped faeces at the colonic flexure, with water content decreasing from cecum to rectum. Pellet formation is not solely explained by changes in viscosity, but involves a complex interaction of antegrade proximal colon migrating motor complexes and retrograde myogenic slow phasic contractions at the flexure. Additionally, unidentified extrinsic and/or humoral influences contribute to the processing of faecal content in vivo.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Youngbin Tchoe, Andrew M. Bourhis, Daniel R. Cleary, Brittany Stedelin, Jihwan Lee, Karen J. Tonsfeldt, Erik C. Brown, Dominic A. Siler, Angelique C. Paulk, Jimmy C. Yang, Hongseok Oh, Yun Goo Ro, Keundong Lee, Samantha M. Russman, Mehran Ganji, Ian Galton, Sharona Ben-Haim, Ahmed M. Raslan, Shadi A. Dayeh
Summary: The study developed a reconfigurable thin-film multithousand-channel neurophysiological recording grid, which provides high spatial and temporal resolution. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the grid in both animal and human subjects.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guozhang Chen, Pulin Gong
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that fluctuations in neural activity and behavioral performance during visual spatial attention sampling are significant. Researchers have proposed a mechanism based on neural circuit models to explain these fluctuations, which involves a dynamic activity pattern (attention spotlight) that flexibly samples from different stimulus locations and explains various temporal fluctuations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saeid Niazmardi, Mansoureh Sadrykia, Mahdi Rezazadeh
Summary: This paper introduces a novel method based on the BEAST algorithm to extract the spatiotemporal patterns of household water consumption. The method is evaluated using 5-year consumption data of 566 residential buildings in Shabestar City, Iran. The results show that household water consumption has a linear trend, weak seasonality, and no significant relationship with considered meteorological variables.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Victor Munoz-Martel, Alessandro Santuz, Sebastian Bohm, Adamantios Arampatzis
Summary: This study investigated the effects of perturbations induced by an unstable surface during single-leg landings on leg muscle loading and modular organization. The results showed proactive adjustments in neuromotor control during landings on the unstable surface, leading to an increase in leg muscle loading. Additionally, the maximum joint moments and joint moment development rates were significantly lower in the unstable surface condition, highlighting the importance of considering surface characteristics and task dynamics in perturbation-based interventions.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Asmaa Elnagar, Khalifa El-Dawy, Hussein I. El-Belbasi, Ibrahim F. Rehan, Hamdy Embark, Zeinab Al-Amgad, Obeid Shanab, Elsayed Mickdam, Gaber E. Batiha, Salman Alamery, Samer S. Fouad, Simona Cavalu, Mohammed Youssef
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between FBN1 gene expression and PEPCK enzyme activity, and the ameliorative effect of oxytocin on obesity-induced diabetes. The findings suggest that oxytocin can decrease FBN1 gene expression and PEPCK enzyme activity, thereby improving obesity-induced diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zidong Luo, Dizhou Wang, Yunpeng Nie, Huade Guan, Junjie Dai, Xinping Zhang, Hongsong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the spatiotemporal patterns and seasonal origins of soil water replenishment in a subtropical red soil critical zone using water stable isotopes and in-situ soil water content. The findings highlight the significant contribution of summer precipitation to soil water storage and the overrepresentation of winter precipitation in spring soil water.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bartul Mimica, Tuce Tombaz, Claudia Battistin, Jingyi Guo Fuglstad, Benjamin A. Dunn, Jonathan R. Whitlock
Summary: This study investigates how different cortical systems encode naturalistic 3D behavior by mapping sensory and motor cortical areas. The results show that the cortical population code is influenced by movement but the relationship between these signals and natural behavior in sensory cortices is still unknown. By comparing high-density neural recordings across four cortical regions in rats, the researchers find that momentary actions can be decoded universally, while more elementary and continuous features follow region-specific organization. The findings suggest that ongoing behavior is encoded at multiple levels throughout the dorsal cortex, with different regions utilizing low-level features for locally relevant computations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Kuang Wenhui, Zhang Shuwen, Du Guoming, Yan Changzhen, Wu Shixin, Li Rendong, Lu Dengsheng, Pan Tao, Ning Jing, Guo Changqing, Dong Jinwei, Bao Yuhai, Chi Wenfeng, Dou Yinyin, Hou Yali, Yin Zherui, Chang Liping, Yang Jiuchun, Xie Jiali, Qiu Juan, Zhang Hansong, Zhang Yubo, Yang Shiqi, Sa Rigai, Liu Jiyuan
Summary: High-resolution mapping and monitoring of national land use/cover changes play a significant role in understanding the interaction between human activities and environmental changes. China's Land Use/Cover Dataset (CLUD) provides data for nearly 30 years, using remote sensing big data and knowledge-based interpretation methods to improve the efficiency and accuracy of national land use/cover mapping. From 2015 to 2020, the intensity of land use change in China decreased, with a continued decrease in cropland area and an expansion of built-up land area. The woodland and grassland decreased in natural land, while water body area increased significantly in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. These changes are closely related to development strategies.
JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhi Ding, Hui Zheng, Ying Liu, Sidong Zeng, Pujia Yu, Wei Shi, Xuguang Tang
Summary: Large-scale ecosystem restoration projects in Southwest China, such as afforestation and grass planting, are major contributors to vegetation recovery. Despite covering less than 1% of the total area, these activities have a significant impact on the annual gross primary production (GPP) increase in the region.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ke Wang, Yongsheng Yang, Genserik Reniers, Quanyi Huang
Summary: The study found distinct spatiotemporal patterns of typhoon storm surge disasters in China, particularly in relation to the tropical cyclone track clusters. There was no significant trend in the frequency and damage of disasters from 1983-2018, but overall, the frequency increased annually while direct economic losses and fatalities decreased.
GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK
(2021)