Review
Immunology
Weihang Luo, Jindong Hu, Weifang Xu, Jingcheng Dong
Summary: The immune response in the asthmatic respiratory tract is driven by CD4(+) T helper cells, especially Th2 cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous and progressive disease, with different stages of the disease course showing different immune responses. The complex immune networks in the inflammatory airway make it challenging to find a universal treatment for all asthmatics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jongdae Lee, Beatriz Lozano-Ruiz, Fengyuan Mandy Yang, Dengxia Denise Fan, Liya Shen, Jose M. Gonzalez-Navajas
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibition has become a key aspect of cancer therapy, with CD4(+) T cells playing a crucial role in modulating immune responses against tumors. Different subsets of helper T cells have varying impacts on the clinical response to immune checkpoint therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Haiyan Bian, Lisheng Wang, Chengwen Gao, Zhihe Liu, Yang Sun, Minghui Hu, Yujing Xiao, Fengyun Hao, Yushuo Ma, Xia Zhao
Summary: This study explores the expression and clinical significance of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and lymphocyte subsets in patients with Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). The results show significant differences in cytokines and lymphocyte subsets between PCNSL patients, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, and healthy controls. These findings provide valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PCNSL.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Constance Renault, Nicolas Veyrenche, Franck Mennechet, Anne-Sophie Bedin, Jean-Pierre Routy, Philippe Van de Perre, Jacques Reynes, Edouard Tuaillon
Summary: Th17 cells play a crucial role in defending against pathogens at mucosal barriers, but they are also vulnerable to HIV-1 infection and depletion from gut mucosal sites. The imbalance caused by the loss of Th17 cells impairs cytokine production and leads to damage in the gut mucosal barrier, promoting HIV-1 disease progression. The expression of specific receptors by Th17 cells contributes to their susceptibility to HIV infection. Moreover, Th17 cells serve as long-lived viral reservoirs in HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Da Young Ha, Jae-Suk Jung, Geum Hee Choi, Suk Ji
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of T-helper cytokines on the activation and polarization of gingival fibroblasts, and found that they can induce gingival fibroblasts to exhibit different functional characteristics.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anna E. Patrick, Kayla Shoaff, Tashawna Esmond, David M. Patrick, David K. Flaherty, T. Brent Graham, Philip S. Crooke, Susan Thompson, Thomas M. Aune
Summary: In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), polarized T1 cells incorrectly produce multiple cell subtypes, including Th1, Th17, and Th1.17. The generation and activation of these cells are important for the pathogenesis of the disease and may serve as potential drug targets and diagnostic markers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Pesce, Carolina H. Ribeiro, Milton Larrondo, Veronica Ramos, Lilian Soto, Diego Catalan, Juan Carlos Aguillon
Summary: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha regulates cytokine production by CD4+ T helper cells, and targeting TNFR2 may be an alternative strategy to normalize key cytokine levels that contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fangzheng Cao, Yiqi Wang, Ruili Wei, Chunrong Li, Yifan Cheng, Yu Zhou, Tianyu Jin, Houwen Zhang, Luting Lin, Bin Xu
Summary: This study compared the levels of helper T cell subsets in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in different phases of the disease. It found higher levels of Th1 and Th17 cells in the attack phase, positively correlated with disease severity, while Treg cell levels were negatively correlated with disease severity in the attack phase. The findings suggest a Th1/Th17 cell-mediated pro-inflammatory immune response in NMOSD.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mi Tian, Wei Wang, Kai Wang, Peng Jin, Cameron Lenahan, Yao Wang, Jiaying Tan, Huimei Wen, Shuixiang Deng, Feng Zhao, Ye Gong
Summary: Clinical studies have demonstrated that dexmedetomidine (DEX) can reduce mortality and inflammation in sepsis patients, as well as improve cognitive decline in postoperative and critical care patients. This study in mice with polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) aimed to illustrate the neuroprotective effects of DEX. DEX was found to alleviate cognitive impairments by reducing blood-brain barrier disruption and neuroinflammation, achieved through regulation of Th1/Th2/Th17 polarization.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Vasu Patel, Arathi Jayaraman, Sundararajan Jayaraman
Summary: This study found that administration of the histone modifier TSA can prevent the onset of diabetes in prediabetic female NOD mice. T lymphocytes isolated from diabetic mice can transfer diabetes to immunodeficient NOD.scid recipients, while those from drug-treated mice have reduced disease-causing ability. Furthermore, drug treatment can repress certain transcription processes mediated by T cell receptors.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shigeki Hirabayashi, Kotaro Shirakawa, Yoshihito Horisawa, Tadahiko Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Matsui, Hiroyuki Yamazaki, Anamaria Daniela Sarca, Yasuhiro Kazuma, Ryosuke Nomura, Yoshinobu Konishi, Suguru Takeuchi, Emani Stanford, Hideya Kawaji, Yasuhiro Murakawa, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
Summary: A3B expression is regulated by cell cycle in both myeloma cells and normal blood cells, preferentially expressed in G2/M phase, and mainly found in plasma cells, CD10 positive B cells, and erythroid cells.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hsin-I. Huang, Mark L. Jewell, Nourhan Youssef, Min-Nung Huang, Elizabeth R. Hauser, Brian E. Fee, Nathan P. Rudemiller, Jamie R. Privratsky, Junyi J. Zhang, Estefany Y. Reyes, Donghai Wang, Gregory A. Taylor, Michael D. Gunn, Dennis C. Ko, Donald N. Cook, Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan, Steven D. Crowley, Gianna Elena Hammer
Summary: Intestinal immunity is regulated by distinct mononuclear phagocyte populations, with colon-specific subsets of macrophages and Th17-inducing dendritic cells identified. These colon-specific cells express CD24 and CD14, and are dependent on the transcription factor IRF4. They play essential roles in Th17 immunity in the colon, demonstrating organ-specific requirements for antigen presenting cells in Th17 immunity in the colon and small intestine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hui Lu, Xunyao Wu, Yu Peng, Ruijie Sun, Yuxue Nie, Jingna Li, Mu Wang, Yaping Luo, Linyi Peng, Yunyun Fei, Jiaxin Zhou, Wen Zhang, Xiaofeng Zeng
Summary: This study found that elevated TSLP in IgG4-RD promoted B cells proliferation and polarized Tfh cells. Anti-TSLP therapy could alleviate the inflammation of the disease.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Robert Krause, Christian M. Warren, Joshua D. Simmons, Peter F. Rebeiro, Fernanda Maruri, Farina Karim, Timothy R. Sterling, John R. Koethe, Al Leslie, Yuri F. van der Heijden
Summary: Patients with stable/increased HbA1c during TB treatment exhibited an increased pro-inflammatory state and elevated T cell activity. These changes were associated with unresolved dysglycemia and may indicate failure to fully resolve infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jimena Ferraris
Summary: The hypothalamic neuroendocrine catecholamine dopamine plays a crucial role in regulating the function of lactotrophs. Prolactin, another physiological regulator, controls prolactin secretion and cellular turnover. The signaling pathways associated with these effects have been extensively studied as potential therapeutic targets. This study explores the value of prolactin and related pathways as alternative approaches to dopamine-related treatments for prolactinoma.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Johannes Schleusener, Silke B. Lohan, Loris Busch, Kamran Ghoreschi, Neysha Lobo Ploch, Stefanie May, Simone Vogel, Jurgen Eberle, Martina C. Meinke
Summary: Fungal infections have been increasing and becoming resistant to common drugs. UVC light at wavelength 254 nm has shown eradication effects on microorganisms but is highly carcinogenic and mutagenic. To avoid harming skin cells, researchers tested the antifungal effects of UVC light at wavelengths 222 nm and 233 nm. They found that microbicidal doses could be achieved at 40 mJ/cm(2) for both wavelengths, resulting in minimal skin damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kerstin Wolk, Dagmar Wilsmann-Theis, Katrin Witte, Theresa-Charlotte Brembach, Christian Kromer, Sascha Gerdes, Kamran Ghoreschi, Kristian Reich, Rotraut Moessner, Robert Sabat
Summary: This study found elevated levels of interleukin-19 (IL-19) in the blood of palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) patients. The results also showed that treatment with apremilast (a PDE4 inhibitor) significantly reduced IL-19 levels and improved the condition of PPP patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Robert Sabat, Deimante Simaite, Johann Eli Gudjonsson, Theresa-Charlotte Brembach, Katrin Witte, Torben Krause, Georgios Kokolakis, Eckart Bartnik, Christos Nikolaou, Natascha Rill, Bema Coulibaly, Clement Levin, Matthias Herrmann, Gabriela Salinas, Thomas Leeuw, Hans-Dieter Volk, Kamran Ghoreschi, Kerstin Wolk
Summary: This study aimed to characterize mediators that support B/plasma cell persistence in Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory disease. The results showed that levels of B/plasma cells, neutrophils, CD81 T cells, and M0 and M1 macrophages were elevated in HS lesions compared to healthy skin. It was found that BAFF, produced by myeloid cells, played a key role in supporting B/plasma cell persistence and function in HS lesions.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Farzan Solimani, Amrei Dilling, Franziska C. Ghoreschi, Alexander Nast, Kamran Ghoreschi, Katharina Meier
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna M. Sigmund, Markus Winkler, Sophia Engelmayer, Daniela Kugelmann, Desalegn T. Egu, Letyfee S. Steinert, Michael Fuchs, Matthias Hiermair, Mariya Y. Radeva, Franziska C. Bayerbach, Elisabeth Butz, Stefan Kotschi, Christoph Hudemann, Michael Hertl, Sunil Yeruva, Enno Schmidt, Amir S. Yazdi, Kamran Ghoreschi, Franziska Vielmuth, Jens Waschke
Summary: Pemphigus vulgaris is a life-threatening blistering skin disease caused by autoantibodies. Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor used in psoriasis, was found to prevent skin blistering in pemphigus vulgaris. It stabilizes keratinocyte adhesion and induces phosphorylation of plakoglobin, leading to the assembly of desmosomal plaques.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgios Kokolakis, Kamran Ghoreschi
Summary: The understanding of immunopathogenesis of psoriasis has led to the development of targeted therapies, including IL-17 antibodies which have been established for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis. This study presents two patients with psoriasis who lost response to previous treatments, but responded well to bimekizumab, a new antibody that neutralizes both IL-17A and IL-17F. The fast response and lack of side effects suggest the important role of IL-17F and the potential benefit of bimekizumab in non-responders to other anti-IL-17 therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Anna Balato, Emanuele Scala, Kilian Eyerich, Nicole Costantino Brembilla, Andrea Chiricozzi, Robert Sabat, Kamran Ghoreschi
Summary: Modern treatments for psoriasis target the immune pathways associated with the disease, but the clinical evidence for increased infection risk is confounded by comorbidities in patients. In an era with a growing infection risk, it is important to stay updated on this risk. This mini-review discusses the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, the risk of infections linked to the disease and systemic therapy, and provides an overview of infection prevention and management.
DERMATOLOGY PRACTICAL & CONCEPTUAL
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Andrew Blauvelt, Diamant Thaci, Kim A. Papp, Vincent Ho, Kamran Ghoreschi, Byung Soo Kim, Megan Miller, Yaung-Kaung Shen, Yin You, Daphne Chan, Jenny Yu, Ya-Wen Yang, Mark G. Lebwohl, Alice B. Gottlieb, Jeffrey Crowley, Peter Foley
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katrin Witte, Sylke Schneider-Burrus, Gabriela Salinas, Rotraut Moessner, Kamran Ghoreschi, Kerstin Wolk, Robert Sabat
Summary: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by painful lesions on intertriginous body areas. Blood T cells from HS patients show specific molecular alterations, but these changes are not characteristic of HS skin lesions. Additionally, the transcriptomic changes in blood Th-mem cells could be useful for studying comorbidities and identifying blood biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Dermatology
Sayedmohammad Hasheminasab, Franziska C. Ghoreschi, Katharina Meier, Alexander Nast, Kamran Ghoreschi, Farzan Solimani
JOURNAL DER DEUTSCHEN DERMATOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Farzan Solimani, Alberto Mesas-Fernandez, Amrei Dilling, Alexander Nast, Franz J. Hilke, Franziska C. Ghoreschi, Margitta Worm, Kamran Ghoreschi, Katharina Meier
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
F. Solimani, A. Mesas-Fernandez, E. Bodner, M. Carevic-Neri, M. Hasheminasab, T. Jakovljevicova, A. Philipp, A. Nast, M. Worm, F. J. Hilke, K. Meier, K. Ghoreschi
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
William G. Stetler-Stevenson
Summary: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are a family of proteins that inhibit matrixin proteinases and demonstrate unique non-protease-mediated functions. Among them, TIMP2 shows potential tumor suppressor activity and can modulate cell signaling pathways, impacting cell proliferation and migration.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Boni E. Elewski, Mark G. Lebwohl, Milan J. Anadkat, Jonathan Barker, Kamran Ghoreschi, Shinichi Imafuku, Ulrich Mrowietz, Ling Li, Manuel Quaresma, Christian Thoma, Herve Bachelez
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of spesolimab, an anti-IL-36 receptor antibody, in treating acute generalized pustular psoriasis. The results showed that a single intravenous dose of 900 mg spesolimab effectively alleviated the symptoms and the effect lasted for up to 12 weeks.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sasha Coates-Park, Carolyn Lazaroff, Sadeechya Gurung, Josh Rich, Alexandra Colladay, Maura O'Neill, Georgina S. Butler, Christopher M. Overall, William G. Stetler-Stevenson, David Peeney
Summary: Extracellular proteolysis and turnover play crucial roles in tissue homeostasis. MMPs, as the main matrix-degrading enzymes, are regulated by TIMPs. The balance between MMP activity and TIMP levels is essential for healthy tissue homeostasis and can be disrupted in pathological conditions.