Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Qi Li, Huilei Yu, Muyang Sun, Peng Yang, Xiaoqing Hu, Yingfang Ao, Jin Cheng
Summary: Extracelluar vesicles (EVs) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different tissue origins have varying effects on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, with EVs from adipose-derived MSCs showing the highest efficiency. Proteomics analysis revealed potential mechanisms underlying this difference.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yongzhen Liu, Debby Park, Thomas R. Cafiero, Yaron Bram, Vasuretha Chandar, Anna Tseng, Hans P. Gertje, Nicholas A. Crossland, Lishan Su, Robert E. Schwartz, Alexander Ploss
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in HBV replicative capacity, gene expression, and infective capability across different genotypes. Patient-derived HBV infectious clones were used to analyze the replicative capacity and infectivity of different genotypes. The results showed that there were differences in the replicative capacity, gene expression, and infectivity among different genotypes.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Yi-Bo Huang, Lu-Lu Hu, Dong-Dong Ren, Zhao Han
Summary: The study compared endoscopic myringoplasty using cartilage-perichondrium complex graft with traditional microscopic myringoplasty, finding no significant difference in hearing improvement and eardrum closure rates. Age, location of perforation, and middle ear mucosal status did not significantly affect the outcomes, but a perforation size >= 50% was associated with better air-bone gap improvement.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Philipp Niemeyer, Peter Angele, Robert C. Spiro, Alexandra Kirner, Christoph Gaissmaier
Summary: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (M-ACI) with microfracture (MFx) in patients with knee cartilage defects. The results showed that M-ACI demonstrated superior clinical outcomes compared with MFx, including Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, etc. Therefore, M-ACI may be a more effective treatment method.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vera Grotheer, Nadine Skrynecki, Lisa Oezel, Jan Grassmann, Joachim Windolf, Christoph Suschek
Summary: Our study demonstrated that TGF-beta signaling inhibits osteogenic differentiation in ASC, DSC, and FB during early cell culture passages. DSC showed the best osteogenic differentiation potential, which could be further enhanced with BMP-2 activation of BMP signaling. Cell-based therapies should consider the functional differences in osteogenic differentiation of ASC, DSC, and FB based on their tissue origin and replicative senescence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Nick L. Seiferth, Svea O. Faber, Peter Angele, Heino Kniffler, Ingo Loer, Gunnar Schauf, Gunter Spahn, Wolfgang Zinser, Philipp Niemeyer
Summary: Previously failed cartilage treatment has a negative impact on the prognosis of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), while previous knee surgery unrelated to the defect does not affect the outcome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ruiqing Ma, Dongmei Lu, Bing Wang, Xichao Zhai, Ao Xia, Lubiao An, Guanjun Shi, Ying Cai, Yiyan Lu, Shaojun Pang, Feng Chen, Hongbin Xu
Summary: In patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of appendiceal origin, complete cytoreductive surgery (CCRS) was found to have a better prognosis compared to debulking surgery (DS), with completeness of cytoreduction and histopathologic subtype being identified as two independent prognostic factors for OS.
Article
Orthopedics
Svea Faber, Peter Angele, Johannes Zellner, Gerrit Bode, Alfred Hochrein, Philipp Niemeyer
Summary: The study results suggest that concomitant high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in patients with focal cartilage defects on the medial femoral condyle and varus deformity can significantly improve postoperative joint function scores, reduce pain levels, and lead to higher satisfaction levels.
Article
Ecology
Wenjuan Qin, Daosong Chen, Panpan Guo, Lixing Hu, Xiaodong Zheng, Jin Cheng, Hongquan Chen
Summary: China has rich goat breeding resources and the mtDNA D-loop sequences were used to investigate the genetic structure and maternal origin of native Chinese goats. The study revealed that native Chinese goat breeds mainly divided into three haplogroups (HapA, HapB, and HapC) and goat populations have expanded in the ecological regions.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shogo Tsunemine, Shuichi Ozawa, Minoru Nakao, Hideharu Miura, Akito Saito, Daisuke Kawahara, Yasuhiko Onishi, Takashi Onishi, Taiki Hashiguchi, Yoshihisa Matsumoto, Tsutomu Maruta, Yuji Murakami, Yasushi Nagata
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of different air computed tomography (CT) numbers on the dose calculation of head-and-neck radiotherapy. The results indicate that IVDToutair (MVCT) is more accurate than IVDTinair (MVCT) in recalculating the dose.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hiroyuki Nakajima, Hiroyuki Ishikawa, Takuya Yamamoto, Ayano Chiba, Hajime Fukui, Keisuke Sako, Moe Fukumoto, Kenny Mattonet, Hyouk-Bum Kwon, Subhra P. Hui, Gergana D. Dobreva, Kazu Kikuchi, Christian S. M. Helker, Didier Y. R. Stainier, Naoki Mochizuki
Summary: By using live imaging-based lineage tracing and single-cell transcriptomics in zebrafish embryos, researchers have identified the origin of venous endothelial cells (ECs) that make up the majority of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) niche. They found that cells expressing the gene islet1 (isl1), surprisingly derived from the endoderm, differentiate into ECs and contribute to the HSPC niche. This study demonstrates that the endothelial specialization in the HSPC niche is determined, in part, by the origin of the ECs.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshihiro Yamanaka, Sofiane Hamidi, Kumiko Yoshioka-Kobayashi, Sirajam Munira, Kazunori Sunadome, Yi Zhang, Yuzuru Kurokawa, Rolf Ericsson, Ai Mieda, Jamie L. Thompson, Janet Kerwin, Steven Lisgo, Takuya Yamamoto, Naomi Moris, Alfonso Martinez-Arias, Taro Tsujimura, Cantas Alev
Summary: A pluripotent stem cell-derived 3D model called "axioloid" has been developed to accurately capture the dynamics of segmentation and somitogenesis in humans. This model shows similarities to the human embryo and can be used to study congenital spine diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Ziadoon Al-Akashi, Denise Zujur, Daisuke Kamiya, Tomohisa Kato Jr, Toru Kondo, Makoto Ikeya
Summary: The use of Brequinar can effectively remove undifferentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), improving the purity and effectiveness of induced mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (iMSCs) in regenerative medicine.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sayuri Gyobu-Motani, Yukihiro Yabuta, Ken Mizuta, Yoshitaka Katou, Ikuhiro Okamoto, Masanori Kawasaki, Ayaka Kitamura, Tomoyuki Tsukiyama, Chizuru Iwatani, Hideaki Tsuchiya, Taro Tsujimura, Takuya Yamamoto, Tomonori Nakamura, Mitinori Saitou
Summary: Human in vitro oogenesis is better understood through studying in vitro oogenesis in cynomolgus monkeys. In this model, epigenetic reprogramming, including inactivation of the Xi and activation of the Xa, occurs during differentiation of embryonic stem cells. However, Xa and Xi remain epigenetically asymmetric. This in vitro model closely resembles the human system and can be used to advance research on human in vitro oogenesis.
Article
Biology
Kai Nishikubo, Maho Hasegawa, Yudai Izumi, Kentaro Fujii, Koichi Matsuo, Yoshihisa Matsumoto, Akinari Yokoya
Summary: This study investigated the structural features of wild-type and phospho-mimicking mutated XRCC4 protein, which is involved in DNA double-strand break repair. XRCC4 with a HisTag was expressed and purified using E. coli. Phospho-mimicking mutants were also prepared to reproduce the negative charge resulting from phosphorylation. The results suggest that beta-strand structure stabilizes the multimerization of XRCC4 and is regulated by phosphorylation at the C-terminal site.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rikiya Imamura, Mizuki Saito, Mikio Shimada, Junya Kobayashi, Masamichi Ishiai, Yoshihisa Matsumoto
Summary: APTX, the product of the causative gene for hereditary neurogenerative syndromes, is involved in DNA repair and has enzymatic activity. It physically binds to XRCC1 and XRCC4, suggesting its role in DNA strand break repair. The significance of APTX in double-strand break repair (DSBR) and its interaction with XRCC4 have not been fully understood.
JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rina Hashimoto, Tomokazu Tamura, Yukio Watanabe, Ayaka Sakamoto, Naoko Yasuhara, Hayato Ito, Masahiro Nakano, Hiromitsu Fuse, Akira Ohta, Takeshi Noda, Yasufumi Matsumura, Miki Nagao, Takuya Yamamoto, Kazuo Takayama, Takasuke Fukuhara
Summary: To combat a broad range of coronaviruses, it is important to develop drugs that target viral proteins as well as host proteins/cellular processes. Autophagy has been found to play a significant role in coronavirus infection. In this study, autophagic modulators were screened using airway organoids to identify compounds that could potentially fight against infections by various coronaviruses. Among the tested compounds, cycloheximide and thapsigargin showed dose-dependent reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection efficiency. Cycloheximide treatment not only reduced the infection efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 variants but also other human coronaviruses. However, the use of cycloheximide may have side effects on host cells, such as inhibiting protein synthesis.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Takashi Shinohara, Takuya Yamamoto, Hiroko Morimoto, Yusuke Shiromoto, Mito Kanatsu-Shinohara
Summary: This study found that spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can induce immune tolerance by enhancing the expression of immunosuppressive molecule PD-L1, leading to the successful birth of allogeneic offspring. It was also found that activation of the MAPK14-BCL6B pathway can induce PD-L1 expression and promote self-renewal of SSCs.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chengzhu Zhao, Yoshiko Inada, Kazuya Sekiguchi, Kyosuke Hino, Megumi Nishio, Yasuhiro Yamada, Shuichi Matsuda, Junya Toguchida, Makoto Ikeya
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Takahisa Yoshikawa, Akiko Oguchi, Naoya Toriu, Yuki Sato, Takashi Kobayashi, Osamu Ogawa, Hironori Haga, Satoko Sakurai, Takuya Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Murakawa, Motoko Yanagita
Summary: Ectopic lymphoid structures called tertiary lymphoid tissues (TLTs) develop in kidney diseases and worsen renal prognosis. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and validation experiments reveal that TLTs amplify inflammation in injured kidneys by promoting proinflammatory phenotypes of surrounding cells. These findings shed light on TLT pathology and suggest potential therapeutic targets.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yoshiomi Kobayashi, Michiko Shigyo, Oleksandr Platoshyn, Silvia Marsala, Tomohisa Kato Jr, Naoki Takamura, Kenji Yoshida, Akiyoshi Kishino, Mariana Bravo-Hernandez, Stefan Juhas, Jana Juhasova, Hana Studenovska, Vladimir Proks, Shawn P. Driscoll, Thomas D. Glenn, Samuel L. Pfaff, Joseph D. Ciacci, Martin Marsala
Summary: One challenge in clinical translation of cell-replacement therapies is defining optimal cell generation and storage/recovery protocols for rapid preparation of cell-treatment products. Availability of user-friendly injection devices is also crucial for widespread adoption of spinal cord targeted cell-replacement therapy. In this study, frozen human-induced pluripotent stem cells derived neural precursor cells (NPCs) showed similar survival and differentiation profiles as freshly harvested cells when grafted in immunodeficient rats, and a newly developed injection device for spinal cord showed acceptable safety in immunosuppressed pigs.
CELL TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Michiko Shigyo, Yoshiomi Kobayashi, Oleksandr Platoshyn, Silvia Marsala, Tomohisa Kato Jr, Naoki Takamura, Kenji Yoshida, Akiyoshi Kishino, Mariana Bravo-Hernandez, Stefan Juhas, Jana Juhasova, Hana Studenovska, Vladimir Proks, Joseph D. Ciacci, Martin Marsala
Summary: We developed a manual-selection protocol to generate expandable and stable human neural precursor cells from induced pluripotent stem cells. These cells displayed normal karyotype, expressed neural precursor markers, and were able to differentiate into functional neurons in vitro. When transplanted into immunodeficient rats, the cells matured and expressed human-specific neuronal and glial markers without tumor formation.
CELL TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Satoshi Kozuki, Mio Kabata, Satoko Sakurai, Keiko Iwaisako, Tomomi Nishimura, Masakazu Toi, Takuya Yamamoto, Fumiko Toyoshima
Summary: This study reveals that hepatocyte proliferation in different liver lobular zones is regulated in a spatiotemporal manner during pregnancy in mice. The periportal hepatocyte proliferation in midgestation is critical for maternal glycogen metabolism and fetal size.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sayaka Deguchi, Kaori Kosugi, Rina Hashimoto, Ayaka Sakamoto, Masaki Yamamoto, Rafal P. Krol, Peter Gee, Ryosuke Negoro, Takeshi Noda, Takuya Yamamoto, Yu-suke Torisawa, Miki Nagao, Kazuo Takayama
Summary: This study investigates the liver pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients and demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces hepatic dysfunctions. The combination of anti-viral and immunosuppressive drugs is found to effectively treat hepatic dysfunctions caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.