Article
Plant Sciences
Hong Yang, Yongpeng Li, Dongxiao Li, Liantao Liu, Yunzhou Qiao, Hongyong Sun, Wenwen Liu, Wenjun Qiao, Yuzhao Ma, Mengyu Liu, Cundong Li, Baodi Dong
Summary: This study investigated the impact of low light stress on wheat floret fertility and grain number, and explored the mechanism of compensating grain number loss through fertilization with heterologous pollen. The results demonstrated that stressed wheat altered lemma and glume opening angles and increased outcrossing for seed set.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ka-Cheuk Liu, Alethia Villasenor, Maria Bertuzzi, Nicole Schmitner, Niki Radros, Linn Rautio, Kenny Mattonet, Ryota L. Matsuoka, Sven Reischauer, Didier Y. R. Stainier, Olov Andersson
Summary: Research showed that in the zebrafish model, beta-cell regeneration significantly increased in the avascular npas4l mutant, primarily due to ectopic differentiation of beta-cells in the mesenchyme. Through lineage tracing experiments, it was determined that the majority of ectopic beta-cells originated from the mesoderm, demonstrating remarkable cellular plasticity. These findings suggest that cells from different differentiation pathways can form beta-cells under certain conditions, potentially serving as an alternative source for beta-cell regeneration.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sevahn K. Vorperian, Mira N. Moufarrej, Stephen R. Quake
Summary: Cell types affected by diseases can be identified by analyzing cell-free RNA, allowing the determination of their tissue of origin. By utilizing various databases and transcriptomic cell atlases, cell type signature scores can be used to infer cell types contributing to cell-free RNA in different diseases.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Xingui Tian, Ye Fan, Changbing Wang, Zhenwei Liu, Wenkuan Liu, Yun Xu, Chuncong Mo, Aiping You, Xiao Li, Xia Rong, Rong Zhou
Summary: The study investigated the seroprevalence and neutralizing antibody titers against six types of HAdV in 278 healthy populations in Guangzhou. Children showed increasing seropositive rates against HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 with age, while adults had higher NAb titers against HAdV-4 and HAdV-55. Low herd immunity was observed in children, while HAdV-14, HAdV-55, and HAdV-11 were prevalent in adults in Guangzhou City, highlighting the importance of monitoring and developing vaccines against HAdV for both age groups.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yue Huang, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Paola Formenti, Jasper F. Kok
Summary: Accurate conversions between different diameter types of dust aerosols are critical, especially considering the aspherical shape of dust particles. Current optical particle counters underestimate dust geometric diameter at coarse sizes, leading to substantial underestimation of coarse dust emissions by global aerosol models. This highlights the need for improved measurements and models to better understand the emission and impact of dust aerosols.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
He Zhou, Yuqing Sun, Xin Li, Ziyu Zhou, Kexin Ma, Wenxuan Guo, Yuting Liang, Xingyi Xie, Jingxian Zhang, Qian Wang, Yang Liu
Summary: Our study analyzed the differences in transcriptomes of normal and sex-reverse Takifugu rubripes, identifying 13 differentially expressed genes related to sex differentiation. This is the first report on the gonadal transcriptome of pseudo-males in Takifugu rubripes, offering insights into the molecular mechanisms of masculinization induced by low-temperature treatment in cultured fish.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuandi Zhang, Jingguo Xu, Fang Ding, Wanyu Deng, Xi Wang, Yansong Xue, Xiaoxue Chen, Bei-Zhong Han
Summary: This study investigates the shifts and functionality of wheat-origin microbiota during Daqu incubation through advanced sequencing technology, highlighting the key relationships between microbes and metabolites, as well as the important role of these microbes in multiple metabolic pathways in the early stage of incubation.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mohamed Amouch, Noureddine Karim
Summary: This study introduces a new epidemiological mathematical model focusing on the transmissibility of different symptoms of COVID-19, calculating the basic reproduction number and examining the local stability of disease-free equilibrium. Numerical simulations were used to illustrate the findings, as well as analyzing the impact of vaccination in the model.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suniti Bhaumik, Marzena Lazarczyk, Norwin Kubick, Pavel Klimovich, Agata Gurba, Justyna Paszkiewicz, Patrycja Teodorowicz, Tomasz Kocki, Jaroslaw Olav Horbanczuk, Gina Manda, Mariusz Sacharczuk, Michel-Edwar Mickael
Summary: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress conventional T cells to maintain immune system homeostasis. The exact time of Treg emergence and the appearance of Treg-mediated suppression mechanisms are still uncertain. This study used phylogenetic analysis and nonhomology-based methods to investigate the evolutionary history of Treg suppression pathways. The findings suggest that some Treg suppressor mechanisms may be homologs of ancient conserved pathways, while others seem to follow a convergent evolutionary pattern.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhong-Shuai Zhang, Qing-Yin Zeng, Yan-Jing Liu
Summary: The variation of chromosome number and genome size within the Salicaceae family demonstrates frequent ploidy changes and widespread sharing of the salicoid whole genome duplication event among relatives of Populus and Salix. Genome size reduction after whole genome duplication suggests substantial loss of genomic components. The phylogenetic asymmetry in the clade of Populus, Salix, and their close relatives indicates a delayed subsequent radiation post the salicoid whole genome duplication event.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haohao Wang, Tianyu Zhai, Lijun Zhang, Jiachen Li, Zhentao Xue, Jiaxing Wang, Zhongrui Ji, Wanyang Li, Yibao Wang
Summary: Injection of urea-in-water solution significantly increases particle emission concentration, especially during high-speed phase. Injection of urea-in-water solution does not change particle size distribution characteristics, and metallic element content plays a key role in particle emission factor.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Francesco D'Eramo, Nejc Kosnik, Federico Pobbe, Aleks Smolkovic, Olcyr Sumensari
Summary: The study focuses on scenarios with scalar leptoquarks acting as portals between the Standard Model and dark matter, investigating the coupling between dark matter, leptoquarks, and the Higgs boson. The potential Yukawa couplings of the leptoquark to quarks and leptons are considered in addressing anomalies in B meson decays, with a particular emphasis on the interplay between astrophysical, collider, and flavor physics bounds on such models. In the heavy dark matter window, the leptoquark portal emerges as the dominant mechanism to explain dark matter abundance, decoupled from the dark matter phenomenology.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Omar Ruiz-Rivero, Andres Garcia-Lor, Borja Rojas-Panadero, Jose Carlos Franco, Fathiya M. Khamis, Kerstin Kruger, Dina Cifuentes, Pablo Bielza, Alejandro Tena, Alberto Urbaneja, Meritxell Perez-Hedo
Summary: The African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae is a major threat to the citrus industry as a vector of the incurable disease known as huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening. Research suggests that the outbreaks of T. erytreae in the Iberian Peninsula may have originated from the Canary Islands, while populations that invaded Macaronesia and the Iberian Peninsula likely came from southern Africa. The study's results are expected to be crucial for tracking the spread of this invasive pest outside of Africa and optimizing contingency and eradication plans in newly invaded and free areas.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Arpita Roy, Michael A. Dopita, Mark R. Krumholz, Lisa J. Kewley, Ralph S. Sutherland, Alexander Heger
Summary: Understanding the evolution of the N/O ratio in the interstellar medium of galaxies is crucial for a complete picture of chemical evolution at high redshift. The primary nitrogen seen in metal-poor galaxies is likely returned to the ISM via pre-supernova winds from rapidly rotating massive stars, explaining the observed N/O plateau at low O/H. Variations in star-formation efficiency also contribute to the large scatter in N/O at low O/H, suggesting that dwarf galaxies retain little of their SN ejecta, leaving them with abundance patterns typical of winds.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gergely Losonczy, Peter Piko, B. Jeroen Klevering, Zsigmond Kosa, Janos Sandor, Roza Adany
Summary: The study investigated visual acuity and spectacle use among the Roma population in Hungary, finding that they had higher uncorrected visual acuity but lower usage of visual aids compared to the general population. Age, abdominal obesity, and carbohydrate metabolism disturbances negatively impacted visual acuity in both populations, with a stronger effect seen in the Roma population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jules Duruz, Cyrielle Kaltenrieder, Peter Ladurner, Remy Bruggmann, Pedro Martinez, Simon G. Sprecher
Summary: By utilizing whole-body single-cell transcriptomics on the acoel Isodiametra pulchra, researchers identified ten major cell type categories contributing to main biological functions, as well as a large number of clade-specific marker genes, indicating the emergence of clade-specific common molecular machineries functioning in distinct cell types. These results offer novel insights into the evolution of bilaterian cell types.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jose M. Martin-Duran, Bruno C. Vellutini, Ferdinand Marletaz, Viviana Cetrangolo, Nevena Cvetesic, Daniel Thiel, Simon Henriet, Xavier Grau-Bove, Allan M. Carrillo-Baltodano, Wenjia Gu, Alexandra Kerbl, Yamile Marquez, Nicolas Bekkouche, Daniel Chourrout, Jose Luis Gomez-Skarmeta, Manuel Irimia, Boris Lenhard, Katrine Worsaae, Andreas Hejnol
Summary: This study presents the genome of the miniature segmented annelid Dimorphilus gyrociliatus, which shows no significant changes in genome structure and regulation compared to other cases of genome miniaturization. The research highlights a conservative route to genome compaction in annelids and sheds light on the causes and consequences of genome reduction in animals.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Carmen Andrikou, Andreas Hejnol
Summary: The study revealed that FGF signaling is involved in mesoderm development in lophophorates at different stages, and is also associated with gastrulation and axial elongation movements. The findings suggest that the mesoderm-inducing role of FGF extends beyond deuterostomes.
Article
Immunology
Claudia Andrade, Barbara Oliveira, Silvia Guatelli, Pedro Martinez, Beatriz Simoes, Claudia Bispo, Cinzia Ferrario, Francesco Bonasoro, Jose Rino, Michela Sugni, Rui Gardner, Rita Zilhao, Ana Varela Coelho
Summary: In this study, coelomocytes present in the coelomic fluid of Marthasterias glacialis were characterized using a combination of flow cytometry, imaging flow cytometry, and fluorescence plus transmission electron microscopy. Two distinct coelomocyte populations were identified and studied in terms of abundance, morphology, ultrastructure, cell viability, and cell cycle profiles. The integrative experimental workflow allowed for a better understanding of the heterogeneity within these coelomocyte populations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tian Lan, Yuanlong Zhao, Fangchen Zhao, You He, Pedro Martinez, Nicholas J. Strausfeld
Summary: Fossils provide insights into the diversification of organs over geological time, but early diversification may obscure ancestral events. Study on euarthropods and chordates reveals shared genes even before the Cambrian, indicating ancestral segmental organization. The preservation of cerebral tissue in fossils confirms that the most frontal domain of euarthropod brain is a unique module ancestral to the fore-, mid-, and hindbrain.
Article
Biology
Baruch Rinkevich, Loriano Ballarin, Pedro Martinez, Ildiko Somorjai, Oshrat Ben-Hamo, Ilya Borisenko, Eugene Berezikov, Alexander Ereskovsky, Eve Gazave, Denis Khnykin, Lucia Manni, Olga Petukhova, Amalia Rosner, Eric Rottinger, Antonietta Spagnuolo, Michela Sugni, Stefano Tiozzo, Bert Hobmayer
Summary: Adult stem cells in various animals exhibit diverse activities and phenotypes, with some being rare, morphologically undifferentiated, and undergoing asymmetric cell division. They play roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration, potentially making up a substantial portion of animal cells.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biology
P. Martinez, L. Ballarin, A. V. Ereskovsky, E. Gazave, B. Hobmayer, L. Manni, E. Rottinger, S. G. Sprecher, S. Tiozzo, A. Varela-Coelho, B. Rinkevich
Summary: Stem cell niches (SCNs) in vertebrates are well-defined, but little is known about the SCNs in aquatic invertebrates. The variability of niche architecture in aquatic or marine animal groups may be influenced by life strategies such as regeneration or asexual reproduction. Comparative analysis of invertebrate SCNs will contribute to the future understanding of their functional characterization.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Joel Vikberg Wernstrom, Ludwik Gasiorowski, Andreas Hejnol
Summary: Brachiopods and molluscs are lophotrochozoans with hard external shells, and although their shells are structurally analogous, their formation involves a conserved complement of orthologous genes. Some bryozoans and phoronids have lost certain genes related to biomineralisation.
Article
Cell Biology
Periklis Paganos, Paolo Ronchi, Jil Carl, Giulia Mizzon, Pedro Martinez, Giovanna Benvenuto, Maria Ina Arnone
Summary: The identity and function of a cell type relies on the differential expression of gene batteries. This study uses a multidisciplinary approach to identify the molecular and morphological features of an exocrine, pancreas-like cell type within sea urchin larvae. The researchers found that these cells have unique regulatory wiring and distinct morphological features, suggesting homology with mammalian pancreatic acinar cells. This study contributes to understanding the evolution of cell types and organs.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Pedro Martinez, Kirill Ustyantsev, Mikhail Biryukov, Stijn Mouton, Liza Glasenburg, Simon G. Sprecher, Xavier Bailly, Eugene Berezikov
Summary: The genome of the marine organism Symsagittifera roscoffensis was sequenced, revealing a size of 910-940 Mb, using PacBio Hi-Fi technology. The genome consists of 61% repetitive sequences, with 85% being LTR retrotransposons. Transcriptome assembly identified 34,493 genes, with 29,351 coding for proteins. These findings are essential for studying gene families and conducting accurate phylogenomic reconstructions.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Giorgio Matassi, Bud Mishra, Pedro Martinez
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Giorgio Matassi, Pedro Martinez
Summary: In this review essay, the twelve contributions in the Special Issue of Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution on the topic of the brain-computer analogy are summarized and linked to selected concepts through a graphical summary. The authors all recognize the importance of semantics in the debate, but the distinction between metaphor and analogy is missing. The authors also suggest the development of evolutionary theories of the brain and discuss the role of metaphors and analogies in the creative process.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gaelle Botton-Amiot, Pedro Martinez, Simon G. Sprecher
Summary: Sea anemones without centralized nervous systems can still form associative memories, as shown by their conditioned response to light and electric shock. These findings shed light on cnidarian behavior and raise fundamental questions about the origin and evolution of cognition in brainless animals.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Andreas Wanninger, Pedro Martinez, Neva P. Meyer
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ferdinand Marletaz, Arnaud Couloux, Julie Poulain, Karine Labadie, Corinne Da Silva, Sophie Mangenot, Benjamin Noel, Albert J. Poustka, Philippe Dru, Cinta Pegueroles, Marco Borra, Elijah K. Lowe, Guy Lhomond, Lydia Besnardeau, Stephanie Le Gras, Tao Ye, Daria Gavriouchkina, Roberta Russo, Caterina Costa, Francesca Zito, Letizia Anello, Aldo Nicosia, Maria Antonietta Ragusa, Marta Pascual, M. Dolores Molina, Aline Chessel, Marta Di Carlo, Xavier Turon, Richard R. Copley, Jean-Yves Exposito, Pedro Martinez, Vincenzo Cavalieri, Smadar Ben Tabou de Leon, Jenifer Croce, Paola Oliveri, Valeria Matranga, Maria Di Bernardo, Julia Morales, Patrick Cormier, Anne-Marie Genevieve, Jean Marc Aury, Valerie Barbe, Patrick Wincker, Maria Ina Arnone, Christian Gache, Thierry Lepage
Summary: Through the analysis of genome assembly and gene expression in sea urchins, we have identified unique characteristics in their chromosomal structure and gene duplication. Additionally, we have discovered conserved gene-regulatory modules between sea urchins and chordates. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms behind development.