Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vanessa Martinez Manfio, Karen Ingrid Tasca, Jessica Leite Garcia, Janaina de Oliveira Gois, Camila Renata Correa, Lenice do Rosario de Souza
Summary: This study evaluated markers of the redox system in HIV-infected pregnant women and found increased oxidative stress in HIV-positive pregnant women, but mechanisms inherent to pregnancy also play a role in this imbalance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Grazyna Gromadzka, Adam Przybylkowski, Tomasz Litwin, Agata Karpinska
Summary: The decreased antioxidant capacity in patients with Wilson's disease is correlated with liver injury.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Razia Sultana Mohammad, Mustafa F. Lokhandwala, Anees A. Banday
Summary: Age is a risk factor for chronic diseases, including kidney diseases. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a pathogenic role in aging kidney disease. Activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway can improve kidney and mitochondrial function in aged rats.
Article
Ophthalmology
Eun Young Choi, Min Kim, Christopher Seungkyu Lee, Suk Ho Byeon, Sung Soo Kim, Minyoung Lee
Summary: This study investigates the association between intermittent fasting and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the older adult population. It finds that intermittent fasting, particularly skipping breakfast, is significantly associated with a reduced risk of AMD in representative older adults, especially in individuals with a younger age, obesity, and urban residence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Laura Atehortua, Mirza Baig, Jamie Morris, Sarah Trentman, W. Sean Davidson, Carl J. Fichtenbaum, Claire A. Chougnet
Summary: Memory regulatory T cells in HIV patients have lower numbers and reduced responsiveness to high density lipoproteins, which may contribute to increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefano Masi, Samuele Ambrosini, Shafeeq A. Mohammed, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Thomas F. Luescher, Francesco Paneni, Sarah Costantino
Summary: The prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic phenotypes is increasing globally, with epigenetic modifications emerging as a key regulator of gene transcription in vascular diseases. Deciphering the vascular epigenome is challenging but crucial for developing targeted therapies for obesity-related conditions.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jan-Baptist Belge, Linda Van Diermen, Bernard Sabbe, Jan Moens, Manuel Morrens, Violette Coppens, Philippe de Timary, Eric Constant, Kristof Vansteelandt, Pascal Sienaert, Didier Schrijvers
Summary: This study found that the improvement in psychomotor functions in depressed patients after ECT is related to the decrease in IL-6 levels. Higher baseline IL-6 levels positively correlated with higher severity of psychomotor retardation in these patients.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Julie O'Neal, Matthew L. Cooper, Julie K. Ritchey, Susan Gladney, Jessica Niswonger, Sofia Gonzalez, L. Sofia Gonzalez, Emily Street, Gabriel J. Haas, Alun Carter, Parmeshwar N. Amayta, Feng Gao, Byung Ha Lee, Donghoon Choi, Melissa Berrien-Elliott, Alice Zhou, Todd A. Fehniger, Mike P. Rettig, John F. Dipersio
Summary: BCMA CAR-iNKTs have shown significant anti-myeloma activity in a mouse model, and the efficacy is further enhanced by rhIL-7-hyFc, suggesting that they may be a safer and more effective alternative to BCMA CAR-Ts.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreas Daiber, Omar Hahad, Ioanna Andreadou, Sebastian Steven, Steffen Daub, Thomas Muenzel
Summary: Global epidemiological studies highlight the significance of chronic non-communicable diseases like atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders in premature mortality and morbidity, with cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease contributing significantly to the global disease burden and socioeconomic health costs. Research demonstrates a link between oxidative stress markers and major cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in conditions like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. In vivo redox biomarkers are discussed for their clinical relevance, while the potential prognostic value and limitations of these markers are critically examined.
Article
Immunology
Ming-Ju Zhou, Hui-Huang Huang, Jin-Wen Song, Bo Tu, Xing Fan, Jing Li, Jie-Hua Jin, Wen-jing Cao, Wei Hu, Tao Yang, Chun-Bao Zhou, Jin-Hong Yuan, Jin Fan, Ji-Yuan Zhang, Yan-Mei Jiao, Ruo-Nan Xu, Cheng Zhen, Ming Shi, Chao Zhang, Fu-Sheng Wang
Summary: This study revealed that long-lived memory CD8(+) T cells are compromised in chronic HIV infection, with immunological nonresponders showing accumulation of memory precursor effector T cells and diminished responsiveness to interleukin 7. These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets to improve immune function in people living with HIV.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sathiyamoorthy Padmanaban, Durgasruthi Pully, Antony V. Samrot, Vijayakumar Gosu, Nanthini Sadasivam, In-Kyu Park, Kamalakannan Radhakrishnan, Don-Kyu Kim
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in various biological systems, acting as both a cause and a consequence in liver-related metabolic disorders such as steatohepatitis. Medications targeting ROS formation and reducing ROS levels have gained interest as a therapeutic approach. Nanotechnology, utilizing nanocomplex systems as efficient nano-antioxidants, offers enhanced antioxidant delivery to the target site and improved accuracy, making it a promising avenue for efficient therapeutic interventions in oxidative stress-related liver disorders.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paolo Tucci, Roberta Lattanzi, Cinzia Severini, Luciano Saso
Summary: In this review, we present the scientific literature supporting the role of nuclear transcription factor-2 (Nrf2) in Huntington's disease (HD) and the potential prophylactic and therapeutic role of this compound.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tong-Tong Fu, Liang Shen
Summary: This article introduces the biological source and in vivo distribution of L-ergothioneine (EGT), as well as its relationships and action mechanisms with various oxidative stress-related diseases. The advantages of EGT over other antioxidants and several future research perspectives for EGT are also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lei Chen, Heng Lu, Dunfa Peng, Long Long Cao, Farah Ballout, Kannappan Srirmajayam, Zheng Chen, Ajaz Bhat, Timothy C. Wang, Anthony Capobianco, Jianwen Que, Oliver Gene McDonald, Alexander Zaika, Shutian Zhang, Wael El-Rifai
Summary: This study investigates the role of acidic bile salts in activating NOTCH signaling in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The researchers found that there is a crosstalk between APE1 redox function, reflux-induced inflammation, and DLL1 upregulation, which promotes cancer cell stem-like properties in EAC. The overexpression of APE1 and DLL1 is associated with poor overall survival in EAC patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhihui Cai, Yutian Zhang, Weijie Zhang, Jinmin Ye, Qinjie Ling, Zhi Xing, Sichun Zhang, Peter R. Hoffmann, Youbin Liu, Weidong Yang, Zhi Huang
Summary: Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a global public health problem. Selenium deficiency is associated with an increased risk of arsenism. This study found that low Se status impairs redox homeostasis, leading to increased As retention in erythrocytes and subsequent phagocytosis by splenic macrophages, resulting in increased inflammatory response.
Article
Microbiology
Emily R. Bowman, Cheryl Cameron, Brian Richardson, Manjusha Kulkarni, Janelle Gabriel, Aaren Kettelhut, Lane Hornsby, Jesse J. Kwiek, Abigail Norris Turner, Carlos Malvestutto, Jose Bazan, Susan L. Koletar, Susanne Doblecki-Lewis, Michael M. Lederman, Mark Cameron, Nichole R. Klatt, Jordan E. Lake, Nicholas T. Funderburg
Summary: The study found that exposure of leukocytes to TDF or FTC in the context of PrEP resulted in decreased mitochondrial function and altered functional and transcriptional profiles. These findings may have important implications for the metabolic and immunologic consequences of PrEP in populations at risk for HIV acquisition.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Scott F. Sieg, Carey L. Shive, Soumya Panigrahi, Michael L. Freeman
Summary: Recent studies have shown that factors such as anti-retroviral therapy, co-infections, immune system alterations, and microbiome perturbations contribute to HIV-associated inflammation, potentially increasing the risk of age-related morbidities in people living with HIV. Understanding the mechanisms that exacerbate inflammaging in people with HIV may lead to improved intervention strategies, ultimately extending both lifespan and healthspan.
CURRENT HIV/AIDS REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Eileen P. Scully, Evgenia Aga, Athe Tsibris, Nancie Archin, Kate Starr, Qing Ma, Gene D. Morse, Kathleen E. Squires, Bonnie J. Howell, Guoxin Wu, Lara Hosey, Scott F. Sieg, Lynsay Ehui, Francoise Giguel, Kendyll Coxen, Curtis Dobrowolski, Monica Gandhi, Steve Deeks, Nicolas Chomont, Elizabeth Connick, Catherine Godfrey, Jonathan Karn, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, Ronald J. Bosch, Rajesh T. Gandhi
Summary: Combination therapy with tamoxifen and vorinostat did not augment HIV latency reversal over vorinostat alone in postmenopausal women. Histone acetylation changes were associated with HIV RNA induction. Enrollment of postmenopausal women in interventional trials of cure strategies is feasible.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Corrilynn O. Hileman, Emily R. Bowman, Janelle Gabriel, Aaren Kettelhut, Danielle Labbato, Cheryl Smith, Ann Avery, Theodore Parran, Nicholas Funderburg, Grace A. McComsey
Summary: Heroin use is associated with heightened microbial translocation, systemic inflammation, and immune activation. However, concurrent HIV infection does not seem to substantially worsen the effects heroin has on these markers.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Soumya Panigrahi, Tamal Goswami, Brian Ferrari, Christopher J. Antonelli, Douglas A. Bazdar, Hannah Gilmore, Michael L. Freeman, Michael M. Lederman, Scott F. Sieg
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to reduced ACE2 expression on cells, potentially causing compromised respiratory function and thrombotic events. Increased levels of molecules like angiotensin II and bradykinin may contribute to inflammation, while spike protein and bradykinin can induce dysfunction in endothelial cells.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jessica Sherman, Christina Dyar, Jodi McDaniel, Nicholas T. Funderburg, Karen M. Rose, Matt Gorr, Ethan Morgan
Summary: Sexual minorities are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, more likely to develop cardiovascular disease at an earlier age, and more likely to use tobacco products.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Marwah M. Albakri, Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang, Hammad N. Tashkandi, Scott F. Sieg
Summary: The study demonstrates that fatty acids derived from tumor cells can mediate the maturation of macrophages into a cell type with limited pro-inflammatory characteristics, as indicated by experiments with supernatants.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Aaren Kettelhut, Emily Bowman, Janelle Gabriel, Brittany Hand, Namal P. M. Liyanage, Manjusha Kulkarni, Frances Avila-Soto, Jordan E. Lake, Nicholas T. Funderburg
Summary: Research suggests that HIV-infected individuals have elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines following exposure to LPS or ssPolyU. Estrogen exposure may enhance innate immune activation in HIV-infected individuals. Plasma markers show higher levels of immune activation in HIV-infected individuals, positively associated with in vitro responsiveness to estrogen and LPS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soumya Panigrahi, Santosh K. Ghosh, Brian Ferrari, Jonathan M. Wyrick, Eugene A. Podrez, Aaron Weinberg, Scott F. Sieg
Summary: This study demonstrates that human platelets and megakaryocytes contain an important antimicrobial peptide called hBD-3, which can be detected on the surface of activated platelets as well as in platelet derived extracellular vesicles (p-EVs). The presence of hBD-3 in p-EVs can contribute to platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction, potentially creating a pro-thrombotic vascular microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kevin D. Evans, Isaiah W. Bloom, Nicole Stigall-Weikle, Tara Weaver, Munaju Gunasena, Nicholas T. Funderburg, Namal P. M. Liyanage
Summary: This pilot study aimed to determine proper diagnostic testing for detecting chronic disease in COVID-19 long-haulers. A convenient sample of nine patients were evaluated based on symptoms, providing sonographic imaging data, blood samples, and completing the EQ-5D questionnaire. The study found that renal sonography, flow cytometry, and dynamic sonographic assessment may hold promise for guiding the treatment and surveillance of these patients.
JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Manish C. Choudhary, Kara W. Chew, Rinki Deo, James P. Flynn, James Regan, Charles R. Crain, Carlee Moser, Michael D. Hughes, Justin Ritz, Ruy M. Ribeiro, Ruian Ke, Joan A. Dragavon, Arzhang Cyrus Javan, Ajay Nirula, Paul Klekotka, Alexander L. Greninger, Courtney Fletcher, Eric S. Daar, David A. Wohl, Joseph J. Eron, Judith S. Currier, Urvi M. Parikh, Scott F. Sieg, Alan S. Perelson, Robert W. Coombs, Davey M. Smith, Jonathan Z. Li
Summary: This article reports the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 escape mutations during bamlanivimab therapy in a phase II clinical trial. The study found that treatment-emergent resistance mutations were more likely to be detected in the low-dose treatment group, and participants with resistance mutations had higher respiratory tract viral loads. The results also showed the rapid replication of the virus after the emergence of resistance mutations.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Al Ozonoff, Joanna Schaenman, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Carly E. Milliren, Carolyn S. Calfee, Charles B. Cairns, Monica Kraft, Lindsey R. Baden, Albert C. Shaw, Florian Krammer, Harm van Bakel, Denise A. Esserman, Shanshan Liu, Ana Fernandez Sesma, Viviana Simon, David A. Hafler, Ruth R. Montgomery, Steven H. Kleinstein, Ofer Levy, Christian Bime, Elias K. Haddad, David J. Erle, Bali Pulendran, Kari C. Nadeau, Mark M. Davis, Catherine L. Hough, William B. Messer, Nelson I. Agudelo Higuita, Jordan P. Metcalf, Mark A. Atkinson, Scott C. Brakenridge, David Corry, Farrah Kheradmand, Lauren I. R. Ehrlich, Esther Melamed, Grace A. McComsey, Rafick Sekaly, Joann Diray-Arce, Bjoern Peters, Alison D. Augustine, Elaine F. Reed, Matthew C. Altman, Patrice M. Becker, Nadine Rouphael, IMPACC Study Grp
Summary: This study aims to better understand the association between characteristics of COVID-19 patients and their outcomes. It found that risk factors such as age, Hispanic ethnicity, elevated baseline creatinine or troponin levels, baseline lymphopenia, presence of infiltrate by chest imaging, and high SARS-CoV2 viral load were associated with prolonged hospitalization or death. Female sex was the only risk factor associated with post-acute sequalae of COVID-19 (PASC). The findings provide important insights for patient management and prognosis improvement.
Article
Immunology
Carlee Moser, Jonathan Z. Li, Joseph J. Eron, Evgenia Aga, Eric S. Daar, David A. Wohl, Robert W. Coombs, Arzhang Cyrus Javan, Rachel A. Bender Ignacio, Prasanna Jagannathan, Justin Ritz, Scott F. Sieg, Urvi M. Parikh, Michael D. Hughes, Judith S. Currier, Davey M. Smith, Kara W. Chew
Summary: This study found that SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding is consistent across different compartments. Age is strongly associated with viral shedding, and men have slower viral clearance, which may explain gender differences in acute COVID-19 outcomes.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sydney I. Ramirez, Alba Grifoni, Daniela Weiskopf, Urvi M. Parikh, Amy Heaps, Farhoud Faraji, Scott F. Sieg, Justin Ritz, Carlee Moser, Joseph J. Eron, Judith S. Currier, Paul Klekotka, Alessandro Sette, David A. Wohl, Eric S. Daar, Michael D. Hughes, Kara W. Chew, Davey M. Smith, Shane Crotty
Summary: This study compared the T cell responses of COVID-19 patients treated with bamlanivimab or placebo and found that bamlanivimab did not affect the quantity and quality of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory. This suggests that patients receiving this treatment can still generate effective immune memory.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nicole Stigall-Weikle, Kevin D. Evans, Isaiah W. Bloom, Emily R. Bowman, Nicholas T. Funderburg
Summary: Combining screening techniques, such as sonographic aortic calcification quantification, measurement of aortic intimal thickness, and monocyte laboratory values, provides improved diagnostic detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared to computed tomography (CT) calcium scoring. The combination of sonography with flow cytometry shows promise as an alternative method for assessing CVD risk.
RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
