Review
Allergy
Birgit Pfaller, Sarah Bendien, Agnes Ditisheim, Thomas Eiwegger
Summary: Managing allergic diseases during pregnancy presents challenges and potential risks for mother and child, especially with limited safety data on anti-allergic drugs during pregnancy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peter von Philipsborn, Oliver Huizinga, Anna Leibinger, Diana Rubin, Jacob Burns, Karl Emmert-Fees, Sara Pedron, Michael Laxy, Eva Rehfuess
Summary: Germany's national strategy for sugar reduction in soft drinks based on voluntary commitments by industry since 2015 has not achieved the desired results. The mean sales-weighted sugar content of soft drinks in Germany only decreased by 2% between 2015-2021, falling short of the stated targets and the reduction observed in the United Kingdom. While sugar sales from soft drinks in Germany decreased slightly, they still remain high from a public health perspective. Additional policy measures may be necessary to support further sugar reduction in soft drinks in Germany.
ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Longgang Zhao, Xinyuan Zhang, Mace Coday, David O. Garcia, Xinyi Li, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Michelle J. Naughton, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Nazmus Saquib, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Michael S. Simon, Linda G. Snetselaar, Fred K. Tabung, Deirdre K. Tobias, Trang VoPham, Katherine A. McGlynn, Howard D. Sesso, Edward Giovannucci, Joann E. Manson, Frank B. Hu, Lesley F. Tinker, Xuehong Zhang
Summary: This study examined the associations between intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and the incidence of liver cancer and chronic liver disease mortality. The results showed that postmenopausal women who consumed 1 or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages per day had a higher risk of developing liver cancer and dying from chronic liver disease compared to those who consumed 3 or fewer servings per month. There was no significant association between intake of artificially sweetened beverages and liver cancer or chronic liver disease mortality.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
F. L. Nassan, L. Priskorn, A. Salas-Huetos, T. Halldorsson, T. K. Jensen, N. Jorgensen, J. E. Chavarro
Summary: A study found that intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with lower sperm concentration, total sperm count, and a lower ratio of serum inhibin-B/FSH in young men, potentially affecting fertility.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Emma L. L. Reed, Morgan L. L. Worley, Paul J. J. Kueck, Leonard D. D. Pietrafasa, Zachary J. J. Schlader, Blair D. D. Johnson
Summary: The acute consumption of sugar- and artificially-sweetened beverages may lead to alterations in cerebral vascular function, particularly with a more pronounced effect seen with artificially-sweetened beverages.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alfred Jatho, Jansen Marcos Cambia, Seung-Kwon Myung
Summary: The meta-analysis showed that there is no significant association between consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks (ASSD) and the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer overall. However, in certain cases, consumption of ASSD may be associated with an increased risk of liver cancer.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hee-Kyung Joh, Hyuktae Kwon, Ki Young Son, Jae Moon Yun, Su Hwan Cho, Kyungdo Han, Jin-Ho Park, Belong Cho
Summary: This study examines the association between the allergic triad (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) and the risk of dementia. The results indicate that allergic diseases are positively associated with dementia risk, and the severity of allergic diseases has a dose-effect relationship with dementia risk.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Sawako Masuda, Mizuho Nagao, Satoko Usui, Kazutaka Nogami, Yuji Tohda, Takao Fujisawa
Summary: This study prospectively investigated the development process of allergic rhinitis (AR) in high-risk children and found that the prevalence of HDM-related AR-like phenotype significantly increased during infancy and was associated with high-risk recurrent wheeze.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mohammad-Hossein Shams, Reza Jafari, Nahid Eskandari, Mohsen Masjedi, Farnaz Kheirandish, Mazdak Ganjalikhani Hakemi, Ramin Ghasemi, Ali-Mohammad Varzi, Seyyed-Mohsen Sohrabi, Peyman Amanolahi Baharvand, Mozhgan Safari
Summary: Allergic diseases have significantly increased globally in recent decades, influenced by genetic factors, industrialization, improved hygiene, and climate change. Changes in lifestyle and diet habits also play a key role in the prevalence of allergic diseases.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dan Liu, Zhi-Hao Li, Dong Shen, Pei-Dong Zhang, Wei-Qi Song, Wen-Ting Zhang, Qing-Mei Huang, Pei-Liang Chen, Xi-Ru Zhang, Chen Mao
Summary: Moderate consumption of unsweetened and sugar-sweetened coffee is associated with lower risk of death.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
M. Richards, J. Ferber, E. Swor, T. Frescholtz, D-K Li, La Darrow
Summary: In a retrospective cohort study, researchers found a significant increase in the use of intrapartum antibiotics among women over a 20-year period, while the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis remained relatively stable. Adjusted models showed that the association between intrapartum antibiotics and asthma/allergic rhinitis risk was largely inconclusive, with only slightly elevated risk ratios observed.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nina Rogers, Steven Cummins, Hannah J. Forde, Catrin Jones, Oliver Mytton, Harry Rutter, Stephen Sharp, Dolly Theis, Martin White, Jean Adams
Summary: This study examined the changes in obesity prevalence among 4 to 5-year-old and 10 to 11-year-old children in the UK 19 months after the implementation of a two-tier soft drinks industry levy (SDIL) aimed at reducing sugar content in beverages. The results showed that the SDIL was associated with a decrease in obesity prevalence, particularly among girls in the most deprived areas. However, additional strategies are needed to reduce overall obesity prevalence, especially among older boys and younger children.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mingxi Li, Weijun Gong, Shidong Wang, Zhe Li
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intake of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks and diet soft drinks, and serum sodium in a nationally representative sample of adults from the United States. The results showed that serum sodium levels increased with higher consumption of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks, and even moderate intake was associated with elevated serum sodium levels - a risk factor for hypertension.
Review
Pediatrics
Ioannis Goniotakis, Evanthia Perikleous, Sotirios Fouzas, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Emmanouil Paraskakis
Summary: Allergic rhinitis is a globally important disease that affects children and adults, causing significant social and economic effects. It is characterized by identifiable symptoms and accompanying indicators. Diagnosis relies on clinical indicators, historical records, and risk factors, supported by abnormal laboratory findings. Treatment includes allergen exposure prevention, drug therapy, and immunotherapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun-Hsuan Wu, Spencer Moore, Yu Ma, Laurette Dube
Summary: This study examines the sensitivity of weight change in obese women to price discounts on carbonated soft drinks in their food environment. Results suggest that exposure to unhealthy food environments, particularly price discounts on CSDs, may contribute to weight gain in obese women.
Letter
Oncology
Marnar Fridheim Kristiansen, Maria Skaalum Petersen, Marin Strom
Correction
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariel Arvizu, Myriam C. Afeiche, Susanne Hansen, Thorhallur F. Halldorsson, Sjurdur F. Olsen, Jorge E. Chavarro
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jian-Rong He, Jane E. Hirst, Gabriella Tikellis, Gary S. Phillips, Rema Ramakrishnan, Ora Paltiel, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Mark Klebanoff, Jorn Olsen, Michael F. G. Murphy, Siri E. Haberg, Stanley Lemeshow, Sjurdur Olsen, Xiu Qiu, Per Magnus, Jean Golding, Mary H. Ward, Joseph L. Wiemels, Kazem Rahimi, Martha S. Linet, Terence Dwyer
Summary: This study aimed to examine the associations between maternal infections during pregnancy and childhood leukemia using large-scale prospective data. The results showed that maternal urinary tract infection and respiratory tract infection may be associated with childhood leukemia, but the absolute risk is small given the rarity of the outcome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Var Honnudottir, Louise Hansen, Anna Sofia Veyhe, Ingelise Andersen, Pal Weihe, Marin Strom, Magni Mohr
Summary: The study revealed a social gradient in the distribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Faroe Islands, with education level playing a significant role, partly mediated by lifestyle factors. Individuals with lower levels of education had a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes, and lifestyle-related factors explained a portion of this association.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jonathan Groot, Tanja G. Petersen, Pal Suren, Anne Lise Brantsoeter, Peter Uldall, Torben Martinussen, Charlotta Granstrom, Sjurdur F. Olsen, Allen J. Wilcox, Katrine Strandberg-Larsen
Summary: The study found that periconceptional folate supplementation was not associated with cerebral palsy (CP), while supplementation during gestational weeks 9-12 was linked to a reduced risk of CP. Midpregnancy supplementation or dietary folate alone did not show a significant association with CP. Strong inverse associations were observed with low gross motor function impairment, suggesting potential benefits of folate intake during gestational weeks 9-12 for reducing the risk of CP.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jade Chaker, David Mobjerg Kristensen, Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson, Sjurdur Frodi Olsen, Christine Monfort, Cecile Chevrier, Bernard Jegou, Arthur David
Summary: Sample preparation methods have a significant impact on the detection of low-abundant chemicals in biological samples. This study evaluated the performance of 12 sample preparation methods and proposed a combination of protein precipitation and phospholipid and protein removal plates to broaden the visible chemical space.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Signe Schmidt, Christian S. Frandsen, Thomas F. Dejgaard, Dorte Vistisen, Thorhallur Halldorsson, Sjudur F. Olsen, Jens-Erik B. Jensen, Sten Madsbad, Henrik U. Andersen, Kirsten Norgaard
Summary: Liraglutide treatment led to decreased fat and lean body mass, as well as reduced intake of added sugars, while no significant difference in total daily energy intake was observed between liraglutide- and placebo-treated participants.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pandora L. Wander, Stefanie N. Hinkle, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Jing Wu, Sylvia H. Ley, Louise G. Grunnet, Jorge E. Chavarro, Mengying Li, Anne A. Bjerregaard, Aiyi Liu, Peter Damm, Seth Sherman, Shristi Rawal, Yeyi Zhu, Liwei Chen, James L. Mills, Frank B. Hu, Allan Vaag, Sjurdur F. Olsen, Cuilin Zhang
Summary: Lactation is associated with a reduced risk of cardiometabolic disease among women who have given birth, but the mechanisms behind this association are still unknown. The potential protective effects of lactation on cardiometabolic risk markers in high-risk women with gestational diabetes are not yet established.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anders Hviid, Anna Laksafoss, Paula Hedley, Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen, Henrik Hjalgrim, Michael Christiansen, Sjurdur Frodi Olsen
Summary: The association between seasonality and extremely preterm birth was evaluated in this nationwide cohort study. The study found that season during gestation was associated with the rate of extremely preterm birth, suggesting the presence of potential preventable risk factors associated with season. Further research is needed to identify risk factors for extremely preterm birth associated with seasonality.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rohina Noorzae, Thor Gronborg Junker, Anders Peter Hviid, Jan Wohlfahrt, Sjurdur Frodi Olsen
Summary: In this study, a prospective, register-based analysis was conducted to investigate the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent risk of type 1 diabetes in children in Denmark. The results showed no increased risk of first-time diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children 30 days or more after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Agnetha Linn Rostgaard-Hansen, Susanne Rosthoj, Carl Brunius, Sjurdur Frodi Olsen, Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard, Janet Elisabeth Cade, Anne Tjonneland, Rikard Landberg, Jytte Halkjaer
Summary: The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is a commonly used method in nutritional epidemiology to assess an individual's habitual dietary intake. This study evaluated the validity and reproducibility of the FFQ used in the DCH-NG cohort. Results showed that the FFQ provided satisfactory rankings of energy, nutrient, and food group intakes, making it suitable for epidemiological studies investigating diet and disease outcomes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Rodriguez Martin, Liese Gilles, Emilie Helte, Agneta Akesson, Jonas Tagt, Adrian Covaci, Amrit K. Sakhi, An Van Nieuwenhuyse, Andromachi Katsonouri, Anna-Maria Andersson, Arno C. Gutleb, Beata Janasik, Brice Appenzeller, Catherine Gabriel, Cathrine Thomsen, Darja Mazej, Denis Sarigiannis, Elena Anastasi, Fabio Barbone, Hanna Tolonen, Hanne Frederiksen, Jana Klanova, Jani Koponen, Janja Snoj Tratnik, Kim Pack, Koppen Gudrun, Kristin Olafsdottir, Lisbeth E. Knudsen, Loic Rambaud, Loreta Strumylaite, Lubica Palkovicova Murinova, Lucia Fabelova, Margaux Riou, Marika Berglund, Mate Szabados, Medea Imboden, Michelle Laeremans, Milada Estokova, Natasa Janev Holcer, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nicole Vodrazkova, Nina Vogel, Pavel Piler, Phillipp Schmidt, Rosa Lange, Sonia Namorado, Szilvia Kozepesy, Tamas Szigeti, Thorhallur I. Halldorsson, Till Weber, Tina Kold Jensen, Valentina Rosolen, Vladimira Puklova, Wojciech Wasowicz, Ovnair Sepai, Lorraine Stewart, Marike Kolossa-Gehring, Marta Esteban-Lopez, Argelia Castano, Jos Bessems, Greet Schoeters, Eva Govarts
Summary: This study evaluated the exposure levels of children and women in Europe over time. The results showed that exposure levels to chemicals restricted at EU level visually decreased, while the levels for some of their substitutes increased. These findings are important for policy efficacy monitoring and highlight the role of HBM in supporting policies.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Maria Skaalum Petersen, Marnar Fridheim Kristiansen, Katrin Dahl Hanusson, Billa Mouritsardottir Foldbo, Marjun Eivindardottir Danielsen, Bjarni A. Steig, Shahin Gaini, Marin Strom, Pal Weihe
Summary: This longitudinal study from the Faroe Islands found that 39% of nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients reported persistent symptoms after the acute phase, with 8% experiencing severe symptoms. Fatigue, smell dysfunction, and taste dysfunction were the most prevalent symptoms. Daily medication use was associated with a higher risk of long COVID.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Letter
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marin Strom, Marnar Fridheim Kristiansen, Debes Hammershaimb Christiansen, Pal Weihe, Maria Skaalum Petersen
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Marnar F. Kristiansen, Bodil H. Heimustovu, Sanna A. Borg, Trondor Hognason Mohr, Hannes Gislason, Lars Fodgaard Moller, Debes H. Christiansen, Bjarni A. Steig, Maria Skaalum Petersen, Marin Strom, Shahin Gaini
Summary: The Faroe Islands was successful in eliminating the first wave of COVID-19 through early implementation of large-scale testing, strict contact tracing, and lockdown measures. With 11.2% of cases being asymptomatic, transmission was mainly attributed to a small number of infectors.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)