Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amy S. Bleakley, Paul V. Licciardi, Michael J. Binks
Summary: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses and its deficiency in children is associated with increased risk of respiratory infections. While some studies have explored the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D during challenge with respiratory pathogens, further research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms and impacts on different immune cell types in response to various pathogens.
Article
Biology
Noa Barak-Gavish, Bareket Dassa, Constanze Kuhlisch, Inbal Nussbaum, Alexander Brandis, Gili Rosenberg, Roi Avraham, Assaf Vardi
Summary: Unicellular algae, known as phytoplankton, have significant impacts on the marine environment by serving as the foundation of marine food webs and playing key roles in biogeochemical cycling. The interactions between phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria affect the fitness of both partners. The molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions, particularly metabolic exchanges, are not well understood.
Article
Microbiology
Adriaan F. G. Antonis, Manon Swanenburg, Henk J. Wisselink, Bregtje Smid, Ed van Klink, Thomas J. Hagenaars
Summary: In the veal industry in The Netherlands, around 1.2 million white veal calves are produced annually. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes serious health issues in these calves, resulting in high usage of antimicrobials. This study aimed to determine associations between pathogens and clinical disease, prevalence of pathogens and BRD outbreaks, and BRD and performance. The findings suggest that specific pathogens such as T. pyogenes, M. bovis, and BVDV were more often found in diseased animals, but there was no clear association between the presence or prevalence of most BRD associated pathogens and clinical issues.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Suborno Jati, Soham Sengupta, Malini Sen
Summary: The study found that the Wnt5A signaling pathway plays different roles in handling pathogenic and non-pathogenic infections, with a potentially crucial role in regulating intracellular actin organization of bacteria.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Shabih Fatima, Juan Carlos Augusto, Ralph Moseley, Povilas Urbonas, Anne Elliott, Nicola Payne
Summary: This research investigates strategies to encourage individuals to adopt a healthy lifestyle using gamification and identifies key factors for user retention. The study focuses on the characteristics of participants of different age groups in the areas of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Behavior Change Techniques (BCT), such as the Purpose component of SDT and the Daily Streak and Active Travel in the Habit Formation category of BCT.
ENTERTAINMENT COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatih A. Bogaards, Thies Gehrmann, Marian Beekman, Erik Ben van den Akker, Ondine van de Rest, Roland W. J. Hangelbroek, Raymond Noordam, Simon P. Mooijaart, Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot, Marcel J. T. Reinders, P. Eline Slagboom
Summary: Lifestyle intervention studies have heterogeneous responses, especially in older adults. This study developed and validated a molecular multivariate biomarker called PLIS that is sensitive to individual effects of lifestyle interventions. The PLIS score demonstrated its ability to track short-term metabolic health gain, with sex-specific differences.
Article
Microbiology
Lixin Hu, Shenyan Zhang, Wenqi Song, Fang Dong, Zhengde Xie, Xiangpeng Chen, Meng Liu, Baoxue Cui, Yunheng Zhang, Rui Zhang, Qingtao Wang
Summary: This study presents and evaluates a novel co-detection method using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry that enables the simultaneous identification of 11 bacterial and 7 viral pathogens in about 7 hours. The method combines multiplex reverse transcription-PCR and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, overcoming the limitations of conventional assays. As a screening method for common respiratory pathogens in children, the common respiratory pathogen mass spectrometry assay has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections by providing an accurate etiological diagnosis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Lixin Hu, Shenyan Zhang, Wenqi Song, Fang Dong, Zhengde Xie, Xiangpeng Chen, Meng Liu, Baoxue Cui, Yunheng Zhang, Rui Zhang, Qingtao Wang
Summary: This study presents and evaluates a novel co-detection method that enables the simultaneous identification of 11 bacterial and 7 viral pathogens in about 7 hours using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. The approach combines multiplex reverse transcription-PCR and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, overcoming the limitations of conventional assays. As a screening method for common respiratory pathogens in children, the common respiratory pathogen mass spectrometry assay has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections by providing an accurate etiological diagnosis. It is expected to be a critical tool for the diagnosis of respiratory infections in children, offering a more efficient, cost-effective, and accurate approach for the detection of common respiratory pathogens.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rohit Loomba, Lei Ling, Duy M. Dinh, Alex M. DePaoli, Hsiao D. Lieu, Stephen A. Harrison, Arun J. Sanyal
Summary: This study investigated the impact of aldafermin on the gut microbiota in patients with NASH. The results showed that aldafermin had a significant effect on the stability of the gut microbial community, leading to an enrichment in the rare genus Veillonella, which may be influenced by aldafermin-mediated suppression of bile acid synthesis.
Article
Virology
Elandri Fourie, Eva S. Bording, Sjoerd M. Euser, Paul Badoux, Mildred E. Haverkort, Marlies A. van Houten
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the ability and bearability of a rhinorrhea swab (RS) compared to the combined nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab (NP/OP) for detecting respiratory pathogens. The results showed that the RS had a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 100% in detecting respiratory pathogens, and it was significantly more bearable than the combined NP/OP swab.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Huijia Kang, Tianyi Fan, Jiabing Wu, Yan Zhu, Wen-Hui Shen
Summary: Plants, as sessile organisms, are constantly exposed to diverse stresses, including pathogen invasion. Recent studies have found that pathogen infections can induce epigenetic changes in plants, leading to the reprogramming of plant defense genes. These mechanisms could be used in the design of stress-resistant plant varieties.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ivana Rendulic Jelusic, Branka Sakic Bobic, Zoran Grgic, Sasa Zikovic, Mirela Osrecak, Ivana Puhelek, Marina Anic, Marko Karoglan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the application of grape quality zoning and selective harvesting in small vineyards. By comparing the predictive performance of different vegetation indices, it was found that NDVI and NDRE are useful for grape quality zoning and selective harvesting.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Qin, Lara K. Mahal
Summary: Recent discoveries have shed light on the roles of glycans in infectious diseases, particularly in the host glycome response to infection. While the functions and dynamics of host glycans during infection are still not fully understood, new findings have provided insights into the mechanisms and implications of these interactions in host immunity.
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antti Pemmari, Tiina Leppanen, Mari Hamalainen, Teemu Moilanen, Eeva Moilanen
Summary: Chronic low-grade inflammation is central in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, and cytokines such as IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-4 and IL-17 are associated with phenotypic changes in chondrocytes. The gene expression in OA chondrocytes is significantly altered by these cytokines, with distinct profiles observed for different cytokines, indicating potential phenotypic plasticity in arthritis pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yu Kyung Kim, Jong Ho Lee, Sae Yoon Kim, Ji Young Ahn, Kwang Hae Choi, Young Hwan Lee, Kyung Mi Jang, Yong Sauk Hau, Jae Min Lee
Summary: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) is increasingly used for diagnosing respiratory pathogens in pediatric inpatient facilities, with the adapted FilmArray Respiratory Panel (FA-RP) offering faster and more accurate detection of multiple viruses, leading to reduced antibiotic use and hospital stays in pediatric patients.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jose A. Gutierrez-Barranquero, F. Jerry Reen, Maria L. Parages, Ronan McCarthy, Alan D. W. Dobson, Fergal O'Gara
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
F. Jerry Reen, Jose A. Gutierrez-Barranquero, Ronan R. McCarthy, David F. Woods, Sara Scarciglia, Claire Adams, Kristian Fog Nielsen, Lone Gram, Fergal O'Gara
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Stephanie Flynn, F. Jerry Reen, Fergal O'Gara
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Ana F. Ramos, David F. Woods, Rachel Shanahan, Rafael Cano, Gerard P. McGlacken, Claudia Serra, Fergal O'Gara, F. Jerry Reen
Article
Microbiology
David F. Woods, Iwona M. Kozak, Fergal O'Gara
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jose A. Caparros-Martin, Stephanie Flynn, F. Jerry Reen, David F. Woods, Patricia Agudelo-Romero, Sarath C. Ranganathan, Stephen M. Stick, Fergal O'Gara
Review
Infectious Diseases
David F. Woods, Stephanie Flynn, Jose A. Caparros-Martin, Stephen M. Stick, F. Jerry Reen, Fergal O'Gara
Summary: The imbalance in respiratory microbiota can lead to lung disease pathogenesis, with bile acids playing a key role in CF cases, associated with inflammation and restructuring of lung microbiota towards a pathogen-dominated state.
Article
Microbiology
David F. Woods, Iwona M. Kozak, Fergal O'Gara
Summary: This study investigated a culturable novel strain of Halomonas bacteria in Wiltshire curing, which exhibited unique characteristics such as high salt tolerance and a wide temperature range. The strain showed strong catalase activity and biocontrol properties. This research advances our knowledge of potential mechanisms in complex microbial communities involved in traditional food processes.
Article
Microbiology
Adilah F. Ahmad, Jose A. Caparros-Martin, Silvia Lee, Fergal O'Gara, Bu B. Yeap, Daniel J. Green, Mohammed Ballal, Natalie C. Ward, Girish Dwivedi
Summary: This observational cohort study found that there were no significant differences in gut bacterial diversity between obese patients before and after bariatric surgery compared to a healthy control group. However, there were differences in the abundance of certain bacterial groups between the two cohorts. Additionally, the study observed changes in the levels of specific short chain fatty acids and soluble CD14 and CD163 in obese patients before and after surgery compared to healthy controls.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Maria Schwarz, Edel J. Murphy, Aoife M. Foley, David F. Woods, Ignacio Abreu Castilla, F. Jerry Reen, Stuart G. Collins, Fergal O'Gara, Anita R. Maguire
Summary: The marine transaminase P-ω-TA is capable of transamination from 1-aminotetralins and 1-aminoindanes, resulting in ketone products with up to 93% ee. While it tolerates 4-substituents on the tetralin core, it does not tolerate 3- or 8-substituents, showing capacity for remote diastereoselectivity.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Stephanie Flynn, F. Jerry Reen, Jose A. Caparros-Martin, David F. Woods, Jorg Peplies, Sarath C. Ranganathan, Stephen M. Stick, Fergal O'Gara
Article
Microbiology
Jose A. Gutierrez-Barranquero, Maria L. Parages, Alan D. W. Dobson, F. Jerry Reen, Fergal O'Garaa
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2019)