Article
Microbiology
C. N. Jondle, K. E. Johnson, C. Aurubin, P. Sylvester, G. Xin, W. Cui, A. R. Huppler, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: Gammaherpesviruses establish lifelong infections and are associated with B cell lymphomas. This study reveals a novel proviral role of host interleukin 17A (IL-17A) in the establishment of chronic gammaherpesvirus infection and gammaherpesvirus-driven germinal center response. IL-17A signaling promotes viral infection following mucosal route, lytic replication, and reactivation from latency.
Article
Microbiology
P. A. Sylvester, C. N. Jondle, D. L. Schmalzriedt, B. N. Dittel, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: Interferons are crucial for controlling viral infections, and STAT1 plays a critical role in IFN responses. However, T cell-specific STAT1 expression has an unexpected proviral effect during gammaherpesvirus infection.
Article
Microbiology
Tomoki Inagaki, Yoshitaka Sato, Jumpei Ito, Mitsuaki Takaki, Yusuke Okuno, Masahiro Yaguchi, H. M. Abdullah Al Masud, Takahiro Watanabe, Kei Sato, Shingo Iwami, Takayuki Murata, Hiroshi Kimura
Summary: The study reveals that during Epstein-Barr virus infection, cell growth is reprogrammed and a burst of viral lytic gene expression occurs in the early stage of infection. Infectious virions are not produced in the pre-latent phase, indicating an abortive lytic infection, which ultimately converges to latent infection. The BZLF1 protein, a key regulator of reactivation, is found to be dispensable for abortive lytic infection in the pre-latent phase, suggesting divergent regulation of viral gene expressions from productive lytic infection.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
C. N. Jondle, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: This study reveals that T cell-intrinsic IL-17RA signaling plays a crucial role in promoting the MHV68-driven germinal center response by supporting CD4(+) T follicular helper cell expansion. It also contributes to the systemic proviral role of IL-17RA signaling, highlighting the multifaceted function of IL-17RA signaling during MHV68 infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
K. E. Johnson, P. A. Sylvester, C. N. Jondle, C. A. Aurubin, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: This study reveals an unexpected proviral role of the classical innate immune factor, IRF-3, during chronic gammaherpesvirus infection, in contrast to its antiviral activity during acute infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping-Huai Wang, Ming-Fang Wu, Chi-Yu Hsu, Shu-Yung Lin, Ya-Nan Chang, Ho-Shen Lee, Yu-Feng Wei, Chin-Chung Shu
Summary: LTBI is associated with increased CD14+ monocytes and low PD-L2 expression, while the increased expression of immune checkpoints over all immune cells might be due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis related immune exhaustion, which decreased after treatment.
Article
Virology
C. N. Jondle, P. A. Sylvester, D. L. Schmalzriedt, K. Njoya, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: Gammaherpesviruses manipulate B cell differentiation to establish lifelong infection and are associated with B cell lymphomas. This study reveals a novel antagonistic interaction between the gammaherpesvirus protein kinase and a host antiviral and tumor suppressor transcription factor, which plays a critical role in shaping the magnitude of gammaherpesvirus-driven germinal center response.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen Gam Ze Letova, Inna Kalt, Meir Shamay, Ronit Sarid
Summary: KSHV virus can infect host cells in latent and lytic forms, with superinfection enhancing establishment of latent infection. Expressing the major latency protein LANA-1 prior to and during infection promotes efficient latency establishment, indicating that superinfection may support long-term latency maintenance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
P. A. Sylvester, C. N. Jondle, K. P. Stoltz, J. Lanham, B. N. Dittel, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: This study reveals the site-specific antiviral effects of STAT1 in the lungs and peritoneal cavity of chronically infected hosts using a mouse model of myeloid-specific STAT1 deficiency. Interestingly, the expression of a conserved gammaherpesvirus protein kinase is required to counteract the antiviral effects of myeloid-specific STAT1 expression and facilitate latent infection of splenic B cells, demonstrating a cell type-specific virus-host antagonism during the establishment of chronic gammaherpesvirus infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feiquan Ying, Jing Guo, Xuejiao Gao, Lin Huang, Lingling Gao, Jing Cai, Zehua Wang
Summary: By implanting ES2 and ID8 cells in the ovaries of mice and selecting highly metastatic sublines after three cycles, enhanced omental tropism and more extensive metastasis were observed in orthotopic xenografts derived from these sublines. The sublines exhibited increased migration and invasion properties in vitro, and RNA sequencing revealed significant alterations in genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix regulation. The upregulated genes were significantly associated with poorer survival in OC patients. In conclusion, these sublines can be used to establish spontaneous metastatic OC mouse models for anti-metastasis therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasiia Diatlova, Natalia Linkova, Anastasia Lavrova, Yulia Zinchenko, Dmitrii Medvedev, Alexandr Krasichkov, Victoria Polyakova, Piotr Yablonskiy
Summary: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem, and the diagnosis of different stages and early identification of infected individuals have not been resolved. Current tests cannot predict active TB development in individuals with latent infection. This review analyzes the interaction of M. tuberculosis with immune cells and identifies molecular markers for different stages of TB.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Li Pan, Mingzhi Li, Xinyu Zhang, Yu Xia, Assad Moon Mian, Hongxia Wu, Yuan Sun, Hua-Ji Qiu
Summary: Alphaherpesviruses, including the PRV, can cause severe diseases in humans and animals. Researchers have developed a streamlined model to study the latency and reactivation of PRV, and have found that temperature may play a role in the reactivation and disease progression. The study also elucidates the importance of the early gene UL54 in PRV latency and reactivation.
Article
Immunology
Elisa Weiss, Amanda Vlahos, Bowon Kim, Sachintha Wijegunasekara, Dhanya Shanmuganathan, Thomas Aitken, Ji-Hoon E. Joo, Samira Imran, Rebecca Shepherd, Jeffrey M. Craig, Mark Green, Ursula Hiden, Boris Novakovic, Richard Saffery
Summary: Inflammatory memory involves the reprogramming of innate immune cells to provide non-specific protection. This study found specific transcriptional responses in fetal endothelial cells to initial viral exposure, with both cell types capable of establishing memory. While both cell types showed similar abilities, progenitor ECFCs demonstrated a higher capacity for memory establishment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yuri F. van der Heijden, Bin Zhang, Claire A. Chougnet, Moises A. Huaman
Summary: Using US nationally representative data, it was found that cytomegalovirus (CMV) is independently associated with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and both CMV and LTBI are associated with higher levels of C-reactive protein, indicating chronic inflammation.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Brian F. Niemeyer, Bridget Sanford, Joy E. Gibson, Jennifer N. Berger, Lauren M. Oko, Eva Medina, Eric T. Clambey, Linda F. van Dyk
Summary: Research has shown that the viral cyclin plays a critical role in promoting the transition of gammaherpesviruses from latency to active infection by affecting the frequency of LANA gene expression. Disruption of the viral cyclin significantly reduces the expression frequency of the LANA gene, without affecting the distribution of infected cells, but is crucial for reactivation.