Article
Microbiology
Elena Charpentier, Catherine Marques, Sandie Menard, Pamela Chauvin, Emilie Guemas, Claire Cottrel, Sophie Cassaing, Judith Fillaux, Alexis Valentin, Nicolas Blanchard, Antoine Berry, Xavier Iriart
Summary: The host lymphocyte response is crucial in Pneumocystis pneumonia pathophysiology. This study found that low B cell count was associated with PCP, while deceased patients had lower Th1 and Tc1 populations, higher Th2 response, and higher effector TCD8. Factors such as Th1/Th2 ratio, CD8 Tc1, effector TCD8, central memory TCD8, NK cells count, and total lymphocyte count were associated with an increased risk of mortality in PCP.
Article
Immunology
Maulik Vyas, Marta Requesens, Thao H. Nguyen, Domitille Peigney, Marjan Azin, Shadmehr Demehri
Summary: Despite advances in cancer treatment, metastatic spread of malignant cells remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Natural killer (NK) cells and T cells play cooperative roles in the surveillance and control of melanoma metastasis. NK cells limit the seeding of melanoma cells in the lungs, while T cells restrict the growth of metastatic foci. The liver is a prominent site where NK cells clear melanoma cells to regulate their seeding in the lungs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Javad Rasouli, Giacomo Casella, Weifeng Zhang, Dan Xiao, Gaurav Kumar, Paolo Fortina, Guang-Xian Zhang, Bogoljub Ciric, Abdolmohamad Rostami
Summary: GM-CSF-producing T helper cells, known as ThGM cells, have been found to play a crucial role in autoimmune diseases. ThGM cells express TNF, IL-2, and IL-3 cytokines, but lack the master transcription factors and signature cytokines of commonly recognized Th cell lineages. ThGM cells are highly encephalitogenic in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, and they can switch their phenotype to Th1 in response to IL-12. This study shows that RUNX3 transcription factor, in addition to T-bet, contributes to the Th1 switch of ThGM cells. ThGM cells are a non-polarized subset of Th cells with lineage characteristics and express transcription factors that inhibit the development of other Th lineages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yuwen Chen, Liping Luo, Yongzhi Zheng, Qiaoyun Zheng, Na Zhang, Donghui Gan, Shimuye Kalayu Yirga, Zhenxing Lin, Qizhen Shi, Lin Fu, Jianda Hu, Yingyu Chen
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the roles of platelet desialylation and circulating TFHs in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and non-ITP thrombocytopenia. The findings suggest that platelet desialylation and circulating TFHs may become potential biomarkers for evaluating the disease process associated with thrombocytopenia in patients with ITP and non-ITP.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yasuhiro Shimojima, Takanori Ichikawa, Dai Kishida, Ryota Takamatsu, Yoshiki Sekijima
Summary: In AOSD, regulatory T cells (T-regs) show reduced proportion and functional activity, and altered cytokine expression levels during acute phase, indicating plastic changes. However, these aberrant findings in T-regs are significantly improved after remission, suggesting a restoration of T-reg stability. IFN-gamma and IL-4 expression levels in T-regs may be associated with disease severity, while down-regulation of FoxP3 may be related to IL-17 expression in T-regs.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shengxia Yin, Jian Wang, Lin Chen, Minxin Mao, Rahma Issa, Yu Geng, Rui Huang, Xin Tong, Yong Liu, Chao Wu, Yuxin Chen, Jie Li
Summary: Failure to cure chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can impair B cell function. This study found that CTLA4 regulates B cell and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation, and that upregulation of CTLA4 in cTfh cells is associated with decreased HBsAg-specific resting memory B cells. Inhibition of CTLA4 restored HBsAb secretion and promoted plasma cell differentiation. These findings suggest that optimizing Tfh cell responses may lead to a functional cure for chronic HBV infection.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Elodie Renaude, Marie Kroemer, Christophe Borg, Paul Peixoto, Eric Hervouet, Romain Loyon, Olivier Adotevi
Summary: The review discusses the role of CD4(+) Th cells in anticancer immunity and emphasizes the importance of epigenetics. Research describes how epigenetic factors regulate the differentiation and recruitment of CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, the potential of using epigenetic drugs to enhance anticancer immunotherapy is explored.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Atefe Ghamar Talepoor, Shahdadk l Khosropanah, Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
Summary: Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell proliferation arrest process triggered by various stimuli, contributing to disease pathogenesis through the release of certain substances. After Dasatinib treatment, the frequency of senescent cTfh cells and the expression levels of genes in atherosclerosis patients were significantly reduced, potentially reducing inflammatory responses and disease progression.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meghashree Sampath, Geetanjali Bade, Randeep Guleria, Anant Mohan, Sudip Sen, Devanjan Dey, Anjana Talwar
Summary: This study found significant changes in immune cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), indicating their potential impact on disease progression.
Article
Immunology
Ye Liu, Huiming Zhang, Tian-Xiang Zhang, Meng Yuan, Chen Du, Pei Zeng, Zhenning Huang, Dongmei Jia, Guili Yang, Fu-Dong Shi, Chao Zhang
Summary: Tocilizumab demonstrated therapeutic efficacy on NMOSD by enhancing B- and T-cell homeostasis through regulating B-cell differentiation and inhibiting lymphocyte activation. In NMOSD patients, the drug led to a shift of B cells to naive B cells from memory B cells after 3 months, as well as downregulating markers associated with T-cell activation on B cells. This study also showed a decrease in total Tfh and Tph cells frequency and an increase in follicular regulatory T cells, while restoring PD-L1 selectively on B-cell subsets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Weihang Luo, Jindong Hu, Weifang Xu, Jingcheng Dong
Summary: The immune response in the asthmatic respiratory tract is driven by CD4(+) T helper cells, especially Th2 cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous and progressive disease, with different stages of the disease course showing different immune responses. The complex immune networks in the inflammatory airway make it challenging to find a universal treatment for all asthmatics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Damian A. Oyong, Jessica R. Loughland, Megan S. F. Soon, Jo-Anne Chan, Dean Andrew, Bruce D. Wines, P. Mark Hogarth, Stuart D. Olver, Alika D. Collinge, Antiopi Varelias, James G. Beeson, Enny Kenangalem, Ric N. Price, Nicholas M. Anstey, Gabriela Minigo, Michelle J. Boyle
Summary: The study found that during acute malaria, adults had higher levels of cTfh cell activation compared to children, with adults showing higher levels of parasite-specific cTfh cells and cTfh cells producing more Th2-Tfh associated cytokine IL-4. This higher Tfh cell activation in adults was associated with higher activation of B cells during infection and higher induction of antibodies after 7 and 28 days compared to children.
Article
Immunology
Jinqiu Jiang, Shi Yan, Xiaoying Zhou, Jinghua Zhou, Xiaoming Bai, Qi Tan, Yunqiu Xia, Hua Wang, Xiaoyan Luo
Summary: The study found that the percentage of IL-10-producing Breg cells is significantly lower in children with extrinsic AD, and it correlates negatively with increased Tfh cell responses and disease activity. Co-culture experiments showed that Breg cells from patients with extrinsic AD cannot effectively inhibit the differentiation of Tfh cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Tingfen Ji, Hequan Li
Summary: Significant progress has been made in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chronic inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. The disease is characterized by reversible airway obstruction and overexpression of type 2 inflammatory pathways and cytokines in Type-2-high asthma. The involvement of various Th cells and cytokines in asthma pathogenesis necessitates precision medicine for better treatment response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tyler D. Gavitt, Alyssa K. Hartmann, Shraddha S. Sawant, Arlind B. Mara, Steven M. Szczepanek, Jessica L. Rouge
Summary: The study demonstrates the use of peptide cross-linked nucleic acid nanocapsules for delivering GATA3-specific DNAzyme to immune cells to modulate transcriptional activity and behavior. The results show potential in decreasing the severity of asthma symptoms in both in vitro and in vivo models, warranting further investigation for clinical application.
Article
Immunology
Patricia Ramos-Ramirez, Carina Malmhall, Omar Tliba, Madeleine Radinger, Apostolos Bossios
Summary: Adiponectin/AdipoR1 axis promotes IL-10 release by Tregs, mainly in Helios(-) Tregs, and the effect was amplified by T2 inflammation in Helios(+) Tregs. This suggests a potential role of adiponectin in regulating Treg function in human inflammatory conditions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Apostolos Bossios
Editorial Material
Allergy
Apostolos Bossios
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Letter
Allergy
Nikolaos Lazarinis, Apostolos Bossios, Theo Gulen
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Guo-Qiang Zhang, Saliha Selin Ozuygur Ermis, Madeleine Radinger, Apostolos Bossios, Hannu Kankaanranta, Bright Nwaru
Summary: There is a gender-related disparity in asthma, with males more affected in childhood and females more affected in adulthood. Adult-onset asthma, especially non-atopic cases, is more severe and has a poorer prognosis in women. Sociocultural, environmental, and biological factors, including sex hormones, have been implicated in explaining this disparity. However, the evidence regarding the role of sex hormones in asthma pathogenesis and clinical outcomes remains inconclusive.
JOURNAL OF ASTHMA AND ALLERGY
(2022)
Review
Respiratory System
Ekaterina Khaleva, Anna Rattu, Chris Brightling, Andrew Bush, Apostolos Bossios, Arnaud Bourdin, Kian Fan Chung, Rekha Chaudhuri, Courtney Coleman, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Ratko Djukanovic, Antoine Deschildre, Louise Fleming, Stephen J. Fowler, Atul Gupta, Eckard Hamelmann, Simone Hashimoto, Gunilla Hedlin, Gerard H. Koppelman, Erik Melen, Clare S. Murray, Charles Pilette, Celeste Porsbjerg, Katharine C. Pike, Franca Rusconi, Clare Williams, Birgit Ahrens, Peter Alter, Freja Anckers, Maarten van den Berge, Katharina Blumchen, Guy Brusselle, Graham W. Clarke, Danen Cunoosamy, Barbro Dahlen, Piers Dixey, Andrew Exley, Urs Frey, Erol A. Gaillard, Lisa Giovannini-Chami, Jonathan Grigg, Diana Hartenstein, Liam G. Heaney, Bulent Karadag, Susanne Kaul, Inger Kull, Amelia Licari, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee, Vera Mahler, Ann-Marie M. Schoos, Prasad Nagakumar, Jenny Negus, Hanna Nielsen, James Paton, Marielle Pijnenburg, Valeria Ramiconi, Sofia Romagosa Vilarnau, Stefania Principe, Niels Rutjes, Sejal Saglani, Paul Seddon, Florian Singer, Heribert Staudinger, Steve Turner, Susanne Vijverberg, Tonya Winders, Valentyna Yasinska, Graham Roberts
Summary: The COMSA Working Group developed two Core Outcome Measures (COM) sets for paediatric and adult severe asthma, including FEV1 as z-scores, frequency of severe exacerbations and oral corticosteroid use. These COM sets will inform future clinical trials, enhance comparability of biological therapies' efficacy and effectiveness, and assess their socioeconomic value.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter Kamstrup, Jannie Marie Bulow Sand, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Julie Janner, Christian Philip Ronn, Sarah Rank Ronnow, Diana Julie Leeming, Sidse Graff Jensen, Torgny Wilcke, Alexander G. Mathioudakis, Marc Miravitlles, Therese Lapperre, Elisabeth Bendstrup, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Daniel D. Murray, Theis Itenov, Apostolos Bossios, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Jorgen Vestbo, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Morten Karsdal, Jens-Ulrik Jensen, Pradeesh Sivapalan
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether biomarkers of clot formation and resolution during COPD exacerbation could predict major cardiovascular events. Analysis of clinical data and biobank plasma samples revealed that one of the biomarkers was associated with future MACE, indicating a need for further research.
Review
Respiratory System
Anna Rattu, Ekaterina Khaleva, Chris Brightling, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Apostolos Bossios, Louise Fleming, Kian Fan Chung, Erik Melen, Ratko Djukanovic, Rekha Chaudhuri, Andrew Exley, Gerard H. Koppelman, Arnaud Bourdin, Franca Rusconi, Celeste Porsbjerg, Courtney Coleman, Clare Williams, Hanna Nielsen, Elizabeth Davin, Phil Taverner, Sofia Romagosa Vilarnau, Graham Roberts
Summary: The recommendations of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on outcome measurement instruments for asthma are widely used in clinical practice and research. However, there is no consensus on which outcome measures are important to patients with severe asthma and are valid for this population. Guidelines recommend the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to evaluate treatment response, but do not provide specific instruments. Additionally, the outcomes that patients consider important, such as quality of life, are not consistently considered by physicians when evaluating treatment response.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Ekaterina Khaleva, Anna Rattu, Chris Brightling, Andrew Bush, Arnaud Bourdin, Apostolos Bossios, Kian Fan Chung, Rekha Chaudhuri, Courtney Coleman, Ratko Djukanovic, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Andrew Exley, Louise Fleming, Stephen J. Fowler, Atul Gupta, Eckard Hamelmann, Gerard H. Koppelman, Erik Melen, Vera Mahler, Paul Seddon, Florian Singer, Celeste Porsbjerg, Valeria Ramiconi, Franca Rusconi, Valentyna Yasinska, Graham Roberts
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the definitions of response to biologics for severe asthma and found that although high-quality definitions are available, most are based on minimal clinically important difference (MCID) or minimal important difference (MID), which may not be sufficient to justify the cost-effectiveness of continuing biologics.
Article
Respiratory System
Susanne Hansen, Anna von Bulow, Patrik Sandin, Olivia Ernstsson, Christer Janson, Lauri Lehtimaki, Hannu Kankaanranta, Charlotte Ulrik, Bernt Bogvald Aarli, Hanna Fues Wahl, Kirk Geale, Sheila Tuyet Tang, Maija Wolf, Tom Larsen, Alan Altraja, Helena Backman, Maritta Kilpelainen, Arja Viinanen, Dora Ludviksdottir, Paula Kauppi, Asger Sverrild, Sverre Lehmann, Vibeke Backer, Valentyna Yasinska, Tina Skjold, Jussi Karjalainen, Apostolos Bossios, Celeste Porsbjerg
Summary: The prevalence of severe asthma is similar in Sweden, Norway, and Finland, but it is rare in children. Additionally, a significant proportion of severe asthma patients are not managed by respiratory specialists, indicating the need for increased awareness of severe asthma in primary care.
Article
Respiratory System
Augusta Beech, Andrea Portacci, Beatrice Herrero-Cortina, Alexander G. Mathioudakis, Carolina Gotera, Lena Uller, Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo, Pavol Pobeha, Robert J. Snelgrove, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Apostolos Bossios, Omar Usmani, Sachin Ananth
Summary: The European Respiratory Society (ERS) held an in-person meeting in Barcelona, Spain, marking the return of face-to-face congresses after two years of virtual events. The ERS Congress 2022 showcased a wide range of sessions and presentations, including thematic poster discussions, oral presentations, and symposia. Assembly 5, focused on airway diseases, asthma, COPD, and chronic cough, presented key recent findings in the field.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Giovanni Camussi, Jan Lotvall
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Anne-Noelle Frix, Liam G. Heaney, Barbro Dahlen, Florin Mihaltan, Svetlana Sergejeva, Sanja Popovic-Grle, Vratislav Sedlak, Lauri Lehtimaki, Arnaud Bourdin, Stephanie Korn, Eleftherios Zervas, Zsuzsanna Csoma, Dora Ludviksdottir, Marcus Butler, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Ineta Grisle, Kristina Bieksiene, Anneke Ten Brinke, Piotr Kuna, Claudia Chaves Loureiro, Natalia M. Nenasheva, Zorica Lazic, Sabina Skrgat, David Ramos-Barbon, Joerg Leuppi, Bilun Gemicioglu, Apostolos Bossios, Celeste M. Porsbjerg, Elisabeth H. Bel, Ratko Djukanovic, Renaud Louis
Summary: Our study revealed significant heterogeneity in the use of asthma biologics across Europe. Further investigation is needed to assess the impact of this heterogeneity on clinical outcomes relevant to patients and healthcare services.
Article
Respiratory System
Katrien Eger, Dora Paroczai, Alison Bacon, Florence Schleich, Svetlana Sergejeva, Arnaud Bourdin, Isabelle Vachier, Eleftherios Zervas, Konstantinos Katsoulis, Dimosthenis Papapetrou, Konstantinos Kostikas, Zsuzsanna Csoma, Enrico Heffler, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Ineta Grisle, Kristina Bieksiene, Jolita Palacionyte, Anneke Ten Brinke, Simone Hashimoto, Frank W. J. M. Smeenk, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Simone van der Sar, Florin Mihaltan, Natalia Nenasheva, Marina Peredelskaya, Biljana Zvezdin, Ivan Cekerevac, Sanja Hromis, Vojislav Cupurdija, Zorica Lazic, Branislava Milenkovic, Sanja Dimic-Janjic, Valentyna Yasinska, Barbro Dahlen, Apostolos Bossios, Nikolaos Lazarinis, David Aronsson, Arne Egesten, Abul Kashem Mohammad Munir, Lars Ahlbeck, Christer Janson, Sabina Skrgat, Natalija Edelbaher, Joerg Leuppi, Fabienne Jaun, Jochen Rudiger, Nikolay Pavlov, Pietro Gianella, Reta Fischer, Florian Charbonnier, Rekha Chaudhuri, Steven James Smith, Simon Doe, Michelle Fawdon, Matthew Masoli, Liam Heaney, Hans Michael Haitchi, Ramesh Kurukulaaratchy, Olivia Fulton, Betty Frankemolle, Toni Gibson, Karen Needham, Peter Howarth, Ratko Djukanovic, Elisabeth Bel, Michael Hyland
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, video/phone consultations and home administration of biologics were common in the care of severe asthma. Most patients were satisfied with these changes, and many doctors expect them to continue in the future care of severe asthma.
