Article
Ecology
Renata S. Mendonca, Pandora Pinto, Tamao Maeda, Sota Inoue, Monamie Ringhofer, Shinya Yamamoto, Satoshi Hirata
Summary: This article examines the demographic and dynamic changes of a population of Garranos horses in Serra d'Arga over six breeding seasons. The study finds that human interference and predation pressures have led to a drastic decline in the population, compromising their viability and survival. The research highlights the importance of managing populations and fighting against the extinction of horse breeds.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katherine Grillaert
Summary: This study observed the behaviors of male feral ponies before, during, and after erection and masturbation. The findings indicate that these behaviors are not associated with reproductive or aggressive behavior and do not predict changes in behavior intensity or energy. Understanding the natural presentation of these behaviors can help handlers and trainers interpret them in horse-human interactions. Despite being considered unwanted behaviors in training, erection and masturbation are natural behaviors integral to the welfare of male horses.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Aimee L. S. McIntosh, Stuart Bearhop, Geoff M. Hilton, Jessica M. Shaw, Fred A. Johnson
Summary: Arctic-breeding goose populations have increased, causing conflicts with farmers due to the damage they cause. Localized management strategies make it difficult to address the impact of control on the wider population, especially when populations move across international borders.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gabriela Guadalupe Aliaga-Samanez, Nathalia Bulhoes Javarotti, Gisele Orecife, Karla Chavez-Congrains, Alcides Pissinatti, Caue Monticelli, Mara Cristina Marques, Peter Galbusera, Pedro Manoel Galetti, Patricia Domingues de Freitas
Summary: This study evaluated the genetic diversity and structure of the two main captive populations of the Golden-headed Lion Tamarin in Brazil, revealing a moderate differentiation between the populations. The management has been efficient in avoiding an increase in homozygosity, but simulations suggest a significant loss of genetic diversity in the next 100 years, especially in one of the populations.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Antti Piironen, Juho Piironen, Toni Laaksonen
Summary: Understanding the spatio-temporal distributions of populations is crucial for the conservation and management of migratory animals. In this study, we used Gaussian process (GP) models and birdwatcher observation data to analyze the differences in distribution between two subspecies of bean goose in Finland during migration. The results showed that the taiga bean goose migrates throughout the country, while the tundra bean goose occurs only in a small area in southeastern Finland and migrates later than the taiga bean goose. By targeting the abundant tundra bean goose through hunting restrictions in southeastern Finland and at the end of the migration period, effective conservation and management can be achieved.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jessica Olivares-Aguila, Waguih ElMaraghy
Summary: Disruptions in the downstream levels of a supply chain have a greater impact on performance and should be given higher priority, while expediting after disruptions does not benefit long-term supply chain performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Elisa Somenzi, Gabriele Senczuk, Roberta Ciampolini, Matteo Cortellari, Elia Vajana, Gwenola Tosser-Klopp, Fabio Pilla, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan, Paola Crepaldi, Licia Colli
Summary: This study investigated the evolutionary history and relationships of the Montecristo wild goat population. The results showed low genetic diversity and significant genetic differentiation in the population on the island compared to other Mediterranean breeds. The study also suggested that the Montecristo goats experienced multiple demographic fluctuations and exhibited noticeable differentiation between the two nuclei.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jeroen Jansen, Hugh McGregor, Geoff Axford, Abbey T. Dean, Sebastien Comte, Chris N. Johnson, Katherine E. Moseby, Robert Brandle, David E. Peacock, Menna E. Jones
Summary: Efficient control of invasive animals requires understanding their behavior and movement patterns. This study highlights the importance of considering long-distance movements of feral cats as a normal behavior when planning cat control operations. Adjusting local cat control strategies to improve coverage of areas highly used by cats is essential for increasing the efficiency of control operations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Busta, Ismail Dweikat, Shirley J. Sato, Haolin Qu, Yong Xue, Bangjun Zhou, Lu Gan, Bin Yu, Thomas E. Clemente, Edgar B. Cahoon, Chi Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the phytochemistry and genomics of feral Cannabis populations collected from Nebraska. It found that both male and female flower tissues produced cannabinoids, with cannabidiol being the primary cannabinoid. The expression of genes related to cannabinoid biosynthesis was higher in female flowers, suggesting transcriptional control of cannabinoid abundance. DNA sequencing revealed that the feral Cannabis plants from Nebraska are more similar to hemp-type Cannabis plants than drug-type plants. This research provides foundational knowledge for future studies of feral Nebraska Cannabis.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Caterina Caravita, Luca Ciotti, Silvia Pellegrini
Summary: The study presents a theoretical framework for efficiently solving the Jeans equations for multicomponent axisymmetric stellar systems, focusing on the scaling of all quantities involved. The models can include multiple stellar distributions, a dark matter halo, and a central supermassive black hole, with each component having different properties and characteristics.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jakub Z. Kosicki
Summary: The study found that the density of feral domestic cats has a negative impact on native bird populations, resulting in reduced density of the studied bird species in their preferred habitats, and possibly leading to local extinctions.
ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wenhua Li, Juntao Wang
Summary: This study focuses on localizing the successful experience of the Shanghai Model in second-tier cities by establishing simulated models and analytical frameworks. The strategies proposed include improving transactional context, reducing opportunism, and promoting active participation of residents. Additionally, measures such as unit pricing system are recommended to address the shortcomings and improve waste management practices.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
B. K. Yelikbayev, M. C. Pagano, A. I. Mamedov, K. R. Islam
Summary: The long-term effects of alfalfa integrated with different organic amendments (29 years) on enhancing soil organic carbon storage in degraded loess soils were evaluated. Results showed that under alfalfa-organic amendments, soil organic carbon concentration increased by 5.3-6.2-fold compared to the control, with similar effects observed for humic acid and fulvic acid concentrations. However, the sequestration rates of soil organic carbon decreased with increasing soil depth.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Wendy A. Ruscoe, Peter R. Brown, Steve Henry, Nikki van de Weyer, Freya Robinson, Lyn A. Hinds, Grant R. Singleton
Summary: The adoption of 'conservation agriculture' farming practices over the past 10-15 years may have led to reduced disturbance of mouse burrows, increased cover, and food supply. Comparison of 20-year and 8-year mouse population data sets suggests that mice now reside year-round within crops and stubble, possibly impacting previous recommendations for mouse management in margin habitats.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Vladimir Puentes, Paola A. Mejia-Falla, John G. Ramirez, Luis M. Manjarres-Martinez, Juan M. Rguez-Baron, Luis A. Zapata, Jose Tavera, Fabio Gomez-Delgado, Carlos G. Barreto, Emiliano Zambrano, Angel A. Villa, Andres F. Navia
Summary: This paper discusses the change in management duties for marine Chondrichthyans in Colombia, the implications for various sectors, and proposes alternatives for coexistence of conservation and fisheries. The new policy shifts the management of these species from a fishery resource to a hydrobiological resource, prohibiting their commercial use.
Article
Agronomy
Kristen P. MacMillan, Robert H. Gulden
Article
Agronomy
Allyson Mierau, Moria E. Kurtenbach, Eric N. Johnson, Robert H. Gulden, Jessica D. Weber, William E. May, Christian J. Willenborg
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Harry Yudistira, Barney A. Geddes, Charles M. Geddes, Robert H. Gulden, Ivan J. Oresnik
Summary: The study showed that the population of B. japonicum has not developed yet in response to the recent increase in soybean production. The researchers developed a primer pair to identify and quantify B. japonicum in field soil. Results indicate that both plant density and developmental stage can affect B. japonicum populations.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Leila N. Kamino, Robert H. Gulden
Summary: The study investigated the presence of DNase-producing bacteria (DPB) in leachate samples from soils planted with different crop species. It found that crop species, growth stage, and soil properties influenced the populations of DPB, with soil properties being a more significant factor. Targeting soil indigenous bacteria that produce exDNases may help mitigate unintended effects of genetically modified organisms or other introduced nucleic acid sequences in the environment.
ANNALS OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Paul Gregoire, Jonathan D. Rosset, Robert H. Gulden
Summary: Volunteer B. napus is highly competitive with soybean, with low action (< 9 plants.m(-2)) and economic (<5 plants.m(-2)) thresholds. At these action thresholds, volunteer B. napus seed return to the weed seedbank was on average 14,400 seeds.m(-2) and 10,400 seeds.m(-2) in narrow and wide-row soybean, respectively.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Charles M. Geddes, Mattea M. Pittman, Robert H. Gulden, Tammy Jones, Julia Y. Leeson, Shaun M. Sharpe, Scott W. Shirriff, Hugh J. Beckie
Summary: This study conducted a survey of 315 sites in Manitoba and found a rapid increase in glyphosate-resistant kochia over a five-year period. It also confirmed the first cases of kochia in Manitoba with dicamba resistance alone and in combination with glyphosate resistance.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Dilshan I. Benaragama, William E. May, Robert H. Gulden, Christian J. Willenborg
Summary: This study conducted in Western Canada demonstrates that increasing functional diversity in crop rotations can improve weed management in flax crops. The perennial rotation with alfalfa and rotations with consecutive winter cereal crops were found to be effective strategies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Charles M. Geddes, Robert H. Gulden
Summary: The study found that using spring wheat or cereal rye inter-row living mulches can enhance interference with weeds during early soybean establishment, while not significantly affecting soybean yield. Additionally, terminating the mulch with glyphosate under dry conditions can significantly increase soybean yield.
Article
Agronomy
Dilshan Benaragama, Eric N. Johnson, Robert H. Gulden, Christian J. Willenborg
Summary: Integrating agronomic practices can help increase the yield of no-till flax under different conditions. Combinations of seeding density, row spacing, fertilizer, and fungicide application have significant effects on crop yield. The best combination, considering seed cost, yield advantage, and stability, is low density, narrow row spacing, 130% N, and fungicide application.
Article
Agronomy
K. Rasanie E. Padmathilake, Paula S. Parks, Robert H. Gulden, Jonathan Rosset, Liang Zhao, W. G. Dilantha Fernando
Summary: Pydiflumetofen is a newly developed seed treatment fungicide that effectively controls blackleg. In the experiment, canola plants treated with pydiflumetofen showed lower disease severity compared to other treatments. Pydiflumetofen protects the plants from infection during the critical infection window, making it a potential blackleg management tool for farmers.
Review
Agronomy
Caroline H. Brown, Rob H. Gulden, Steve J. Shirtliffe, Sally L. Vail
Summary: Dormancy in canola is a complex process influenced by various factors including genetics, physiological characteristics, environmental conditions, and farming practices. Seed dormancy may contribute to poor stand establishment of planted canola, as it is closely related to germination. Secondary dormancy in canola seed can be induced under adverse environmental conditions such as low temperature or low light, leading to the persistence of volunteer canola seed in the soil seedbank. Genetics, plant hormones, seed composition, and maternal environmental conditions all play a role in influencing dormancy levels in canola. Farming practices, such as harvest timing and tillage regimes, can unintentionally affect secondary dormancy of canola seed in the seedbank. Overall, reducing secondary dormancy in canola cultivars is feasible but requires consideration of all interacting factors.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Farnaz Kordbacheh, Don N. Flaten, Robert H. Gulden
Summary: Soil fertility management is crucial for crop productivity and profitability, but the response of weed communities to different nutrient sources is not well understood. This study monitored the effect of five nutrient sources on weed communities and found that liquid pig manure and synthetic fertilizer enhanced crop biomass, resulting in low weed density and diversity. However, solid manures increased weed densities and reduced crop biomass, but resulted in more diverse weed communities. The study suggests that a management practice that increases N accessibility to the crop, such as a mixture of solid manures and synthetic fertilizers, may be ideal for a profitable cropping system with decreased weed densities and improved diversity.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Michael F. Killewald, A. C. Costamagna, Y. Lawley, R. H. Gulden, J. Gibbs
Summary: Floral strips in crop fields attract more ground beetles and bees, but not syrphid flies. There is no difference in insect abundance or diversity between organic and conventional management types, and within-field differences are not detected. Floral strips effectively attract specific insect communities, but their functional diversity needs long-term studies to confirm.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Guoqi Wen, Bao-Luo Ma, Mervin St Luce, Kui Liu, Patrick S. Mooleki, Stephen Crittenden, Robert Gulden, Greg Semach, Paul Tiege, Prabhath Lokuruge
Summary: This study aimed to determine site-specific economic optimum nitrogen rates for hybrid canola production. The results showed that in the Black soil zone, the recommended nitrogen application rate is 146-166 kg N ha-1, in the low-yielding Brown soil zone, it is 85-100 kg N ha-1, and in Ontario, it is 140 kg N ha-1. The use of split-N fertilization strategy is also recommended.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
M. Rivington, R. King, D. Duckett, P. Iannetta, T. G. Benton, P. J. Burgess, C. Hawes, L. Wellesley, J. G. Polhill, M. Aitkenhead, L. -M. Lozada-Ellison, G. Begg, A. G. Williams, A. Newton, A. Lorenzo-Arribas, R. Neilson, C. Watts, J. Harris, K. Loades, D. Stewart, D. Wardell-Johnson, G. Gandossi, E. Udugbezi, J. A. Hannam, C. Keay
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic is a major shock to society impacting health and economy, exacerbating long-term challenges such as climate change and biodiversity loss. The UK COVID-19 Food and Nutrition Security project is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council to assess the ongoing impact of COVID-19 on food and nutrition security pillars and potential cascading risks.
NUTRITION BULLETIN
(2021)