Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Susan W. Yeargin, John J. Dickinson, Dawn M. Emerson, Jessica Koller, Toni M. Torres-McGehee, Zachary Y. Kerr
Summary: The study identified intrinsic and extrinsic exertional heat illness risk factors in youth American football, including disproportionate work ratios and environmental conditions as extrinsic factors, and higher body mass index as an intrinsic factor. Certain risk factors may be influenced by event and league type. National youth football organizations need to develop comprehensive guidelines to address EHI risk factors for local leagues to implement.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
I Bartolome, J. Siquier-Coll, M. Perez-Quintero, M. C. Robles-Gil, F. J. Grijota, D. Munoz, M. Maynar-Marino
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of a novel passive heat acclimation program on male football players, with the sauna group showing improvements in various physiological parameters compared to the control group. These favorable adaptations suggest a beneficial effect of extreme heat acclimation on physical performance, highlighting the need for further research to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
David T. Kelly, Cathal J. Cregg, Paul L. O'Connor, Bryan D. Cullen, Niall M. Moyna
Summary: The study showed that both low-volume short-duration sprint interval training (SIT) and traditional endurance training (ET) significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake and intermittent endurance performance after 6 weeks of training. However, SIT was more effective in improving aerobic capacity and intermittent endurance performance, while ET was better at maintaining speed and power indices.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Xiaohu Chen, Rui Zheng, Bo Xiong, Xiaoling Huang, Bingnan Gong
Summary: The study aimed to compare the effects of pressure on the ball on physiological responses and time-motion characteristics during football small-sided games among elite youth male players. The results showed that pressure on the ball led to significantly higher high speed running performance, number of directional changes, ball recovery time, percentage of time spent at 90%-100% of maximum heart rate, mean heart rate, and blood lactate acid concentration. In contrast, free play condition showed significantly higher moderate speed running distance and percentage of time spent at 80%-90% of maximum heart rate.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
K. A. M. Waldock, M. Hayes, P. W. Watt, N. S. Maxwell
Summary: The study aimed to understand the physiological and perceptual responses of the elderly to cold water ingestion or menthol mouth rinse in hot weather. The findings suggest that elderly individuals experience lower physiological strain during activities when consuming cold water, but their perception of the hot environment did not differ significantly from the control group.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mariam Kourani, Fady Mohareb, Faisal I. Rezwan, Maria Anastasiadi, John P. Hammond
Summary: This review discusses the impact of heat stress on the growth and development of Brassica napus, including its reproductive stages. Heat stress leads to impaired growth and reduced seed production in B. napus. The review explores the mechanisms of heat stress adaptation, key regulatory genes, alternative splicing, and epigenetic modifications in response to heat stress. Omics-based studies are also discussed to understand the effects of heat stress on yield and quality traits, and the regulatory networks involved. Knowledge gaps are identified, emphasizing the need for further research on the impact of heat stress on B. napus during its reproductive stages and the regulation of thermotolerance in this crop species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yajun Chen, Zhixin Guo, Lili Dong, Zhenxuan Fu, Qianjiao Zheng, Gaoyun Zhang, Ligang Qin, Xiaoyang Sun, Zhenjie Shi, Shah Fahad, Fuchun Xie, Shah Saud
Summary: This study compared the physiological responses and turf performances of Chinese native Poaceae species and USA Kentucky bluegrass cultivars under seasonal heat stress. While all accessions showed similar performances in early spring and autumn, native P. pratensis performed similarly to 'Midnight', 'Moonlight' or 'BlueChip' in summer.
Article
Agronomy
Fahad Alghabari, Zahid Hussain Shah, Abdalla Ahmed Elfeel, Jaber Hussain Alyami
Summary: The study showed that high temperature stress significantly reduced most traits, except for membrane damage, transpiration rate, proline, and total soluble sugars, which increased notably in the Bayraktar-2000 genotype. Fakhr-e-Bhakkar exhibited high tolerance to high temperature stress. Correlation, PCA, and heat map analyses indicated that various traits are closely interconnected in determining the crop's ability to sustain growth under high temperature stress.
Article
Physiology
Jordan R. Hill, Barrett S. Caldwell
Summary: This study conducted a technical feasibility analysis within a Mars human research analog, identifying the physiological demands and differences in response to tasks during extravehicular activity. The authors concluded that individualized physiologic modeling and monitoring tools are needed for each crew member to support performance on Mars missions.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qianqian Fan, David Jespersen
Summary: This study aimed to assess heat tolerance in different experimental lines and cultivars of cool-season creeping bentgrass, and determine important physiological and biochemical traits for improved tolerance, including the use of OJIP fluorescence. The results showed that OJIP fluorescence could be used as a valuable tool for dissecting photosynthetic processes and identifying critical steps responsible for photosynthetic declines, enabling more targeted heat-stress screening.
Article
Sport Sciences
William R. Conkright, Thomas J. O'Leary, Sophie L. Wardle, Julie P. Greeves, Meaghan E. Beckner, Bradley C. Nindl
Summary: Women in combat roles expend less energy and lose less body mass and fat-free mass, but experience greater physiological strain and have a higher risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms compared with men. Targeted exercise training programmes may be advisable to offset the physical performance gap between sexes and optimize performance prior to inevitable declines caused by intense military operations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Milan Kumar Lal, Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Vijay Gahlaut, Vikas Mangal, Awadhesh Kumar, Madan Pal Singh, Vijay Paul, Sudhir Kumar, Brajesh Singh, Gaurav Zinta
Summary: Increasing temperature affects wheat growth and productivity globally, altering morphological and physiological parameters as well as cellular processes, ultimately impacting grain production and quality.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Musa Bah, Muhammad Afzal Rashid, Khalid Javed, Talat Naseer Pasha, Muhammad Qamer Shahid
Summary: The study found that a sprinkler flow rate of 1.25 L/min was more efficient in cooling water buffaloes compared to 2.0 L/min as it used 37.5% less groundwater while yielding similar physiological, production, and behavioral responses.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Susann Dahl Pettersen, Monica Martinussen, Bjorn Helge Handegard, Lene-Mari Potulski Rasmussen, Roman Koposov, Frode Adolfsen
Summary: Even though there is a clear agreement among researchers that psychological factors are a vital part of a football player's performance, the present study found that perceived mastery climate and extraversion were the only significant predictors of performance for female football players. Other indicators such as mental toughness, self-regulated learning, and grit did not predict performance. These findings suggest that the team climate facilitated by coaches may be more important for predicting match performance than individual psychological factors.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiemeng Xu, Claudia Lowe, Sergio G. Hernandez-Leon, Susanne Dreisigacker, Matthew P. Reynolds, Elisa M. Valenzuela-Soto, Matthew J. Paul, Sigrid Heuer
Summary: Rising temperatures due to climate change have negative impacts on wheat crop productivity. This study shows that heat stress affects anther morphology and pollen fertility, but also induces new tiller development, which contributes to yield. Measurements indicate an initial inhibition of leaf photosynthetic efficiency under heat stress, followed by recovery. These findings provide insights for further research into pollen fertility, tillering dynamics, and leaf senescence in wheat under heat stress.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nicklas Junge, Jean-Benoit Morin, Lars Nybo
Summary: Ballistic actions are crucial for generating power in sports where performance depends on contraction and movement velocities. Force-velocity-power profiling provides information about neuromuscular capabilities and vertical performance but is not well-studied in relation to horizontal movements. This study analyzed the associations between (FvP) over bar profiling and uni- and multidirectional ballistic performance tasks in high-level athletes.
SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Joao P. Vale, Pedro G. Alves, Soraia F. Neves, Lars Nybo, Andreas D. Flouris, Tiago S. Mayor
Summary: The European transportation sector employs 10 million people and accounts for 4.6% of the European Union GDP. Due to climate change, workers in this sector are increasingly affected by high temperatures and rely on air conditioning to minimize heat inside truck cabins, which in turn increases fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions. By making interventions in the glazing and paint optical properties, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption and emissions in heavy-duty trucks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Josh Foster, James W. Smallcombe, Simon Hodder, Ollie Jay, Andreas D. Flouris, Lars Nybo, George Havenith
Summary: This study quantified the impact of SOLAR on human physical work capacity in heat and provided correction equations for heat stress indices. Skin temperature was found to be the primary determinant of PWC in the heat, and the effect of SOLAR on PWC varied across different climate conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Konstantinos Mantzios, Leonidas G. Ioannou, Z. O. E. Panagiotaki, Styliani Ziaka, Julien D. Periard, Sebastien Racinais, Lars Nybo, Andreas D. Flouris
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of weather parameters on peak performance in endurance running events and found that air temperature was the most important parameter. However, wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) had better predictive power. Performance increased under optimal temperature conditions and declined as WBGT deviated from the optimum. Over a quarter of the events took place in moderate to extreme heat conditions.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Maysa de Sousa, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, Peter M. Christensen, Lars Christensen, Morten B. Randers, Magni Mohr, Lars Nybo, Bente Kiens, Andreas M. Fritzen
Summary: Women's football is an intermittent sport with high physical demands, highlighting the importance of nutrition for performance and health. Female elite football players should pay attention to carbohydrate, macronutrient, and micronutrient intake in their diets to meet the demands of training and matches, and avoid negative effects on performance and health.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lydia Tsoutsoubi, Leonidas G. Ioannou, Konstantinos Mantzios, Styliani Ziaka, Lars Nybo, Andreas D. Flouris
Summary: This study compared cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) responses between men and women in different environmental conditions. The results showed that women had higher cardiovascular strain and a higher frequency of CIVD reactions (especially in the toes) during cold-water immersion.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pedro G. Alves, Joao P. Vale, Lars Nybo, Andreas D. Flouris, Tiago S. Mayor
Summary: Heavy-duty trucks emit a significant amount of CO2 despite their low fleet percentage. The use of air-conditioning will further increase their fuel consumption and emissions. Therefore, sustainable solutions are necessary to reduce thermal loads, minimize AC usage, and decrease costs and environmental impact.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Magni Mohr, Georgios Ermidis, Athanasios Z. Jamurtas, Jeppe F. Vigh-larsen, Athanasios Poulios, Dimitrios Draganidis, Konstantinos Papanikolaou, Panagiotis Tsimeas, Dimitrios Batsilas, Georgios Loules, Alexios Batrakoulis, Apostolos Sovatzidis, Jakob L. Nielsen, Theofanis Tzatzakis, Charikleia K. Deli, Lars Nybo, Peter Krustrup, Ioannis G. Fatouros
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of extended match time on physiological responses and fatigue in male soccer players. The results showed that there was a decrease in high-intensity running and intense accelerations and decelerations during extra time compared to normal time. Peak sprint speed, postmatch repeated sprint ability, and countermovement jump performance were also impaired after extra time. Muscle glycogen depletion, reductions in blood glucose levels, and hyperammonemia were identified as contributing factors to the increased fatigue during extended match play.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp, Jacob Feder Piil, Claes Cubel, Lars Nybo, Jorn Toftum
Summary: Wider temperature ranges in buildings can reduce energy use, but the effects on individuals vary due to differences in endogenous heat production. In this study, the authors evaluated individual thermal responses and found that cold sensitivity is related to a measurable difference in resting metabolic rate. They also observed a difference in neutral temperature between sexes, but no difference in thermal perception or skin temperature. These findings suggest that current temperature setpoints may not account for individual differences and could have negative implications for cold sensitive individuals.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Camilla Tvede Schytz, Niels Ortenblad, Thor Andersen Birkholm, Peter Plomgaard, Lars Nybo, Kristoffer Jensen Kolnes, Ole Emil Andersen, Carsten Lundby, Joachim Nielsen, Kasper Degn Gejl
Summary: Manipulating dietary carbohydrates has an impact on muscle glycogen content and body mass, but does not affect short-term exercise performance. Adjusting pre-exercise glycogen levels can be an effective weight management strategy, especially for athletes involved in short-duration sports.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Peter M. Christensen, Jesper Juul Andreasen, Jonas Lyngholm, Ole Sogaard, Jakob Lykkestrup, Morten Hostrup, Lars Nybo, Jens Bangsbo
Summary: Male elite cyclists with average VO2-max of 71 mL/min/kg underwent 7 weeks of high-intensity interval training during the competitive season. The study evaluated the effects of maintaining or reducing total training volume combined with high-intensity interval training. The results showed improvements in time-trial performance for both the reduced and maintained training volume groups, but no significant improvement in preloaded time-trials. This study demonstrates that elite cyclists can benefit from intensified training during the competitive season, regardless of training volume.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leonidas G. Ioannou, Davide J. Testa, Lydia Tsoutsoubi, Konstantinos Mantzios, Giorgos Gkikas, Gerasimos Agaliotis, Lars Nybo, Zahra Babar, Andreas D. Flouris
Summary: This observational study aimed to compare the risk of experiencing high occupational heat strain during agriculture work between migrants and native coworkers. The study monitored 124 individuals from different income countries from 2016 to 2019. Video recordings were used to estimate workers' clothing insulation, body surface area, body posture, walking speed, activities, and unplanned breaks. The results showed that migrant workers from lower-middle- and low-income countries experienced higher physiological heat strain compared to migrant workers from upper-middle-income countries and native workers from high-income countries.
JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicklas Junge, Lars Nybo
Summary: This study found that load centralization through a weighted vest can enhance the force-velocity relationship and improve maximal theoretical force and F-v profile compared to using an Olympic barbell for load application. Therefore, the positioning of external load is important for jumping ability and FVP profiling, favoring the adoption of a centralized loading methodology.
GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Leonidas G. Ioannou, Lydia Tsoutsoubi, Paraskevi Gkiata, Harry A. Brown, Julien D. Periard, Igor B. Mekjavic, Glen P. Kenny, Lars Nybo, Andreas D. Flouris
Summary: This study found no significant differences in performance, physiological heat strain, and perceptual responses among well-trained and national-level endurance athletes wearing different upper-torso sportswear technologies during prolonged running in moderately hot conditions.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Nicklas Junge, Tobias B. B. Jorgensen, Lars Nybo
Summary: Based on the principle of specific adaptations to imposed demands, training induces specific adaptations. However, the literature regarding the performance implications of training appears equivocal.This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available literature regarding the performance implications of vertically and horizontally oriented resistance and plyometric training.
