Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Philipp Diebolder, Cedric Mpoy, Jalen Scott, Truc T. Huynh, Ryan Fields, Dirk Spitzer, Nilantha Bandara, Buck E. Rogers
Summary: Glycoprotein CD44 and its splice variants are overexpressed in many cancers and cancer stem cells, with hyaluronic acid binding to CD44 to activate cell signaling pathways. Developing a CD44-specific antibody fragment for imaging CD44-positive cancers using PET shows potential clinical utility in cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuanli Song, Hui Cai, Zhijun Tan, Nesredin Mussa, Zheng-Jian Li
Summary: This study demonstrates that therapeutic IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies display different sensitivity to the reducing agent TCEP and follow different pathways to form low molecular weight (LMW) species. The findings provide mechanistic insights into LMW formation of IgG1 and IgG4, which have implications for the selection of IgG1 or IgG4 in bispecific antibodies and cysteine-based antibody-drug conjugates.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Elizabeth M. Bailey, Amit Choudhury, Harika Vuppula, Daniel F. Ortiz, John Schaeck, Anthony M. Manning, Carlos J. Bosques, Adam D. Hoppe
Summary: The valency of Fc differentially controls Fc gamma receptor activation and inhibition within distinct subcellular compartments. PentX activates Fc gamma receptors on the plasma membrane while SIF1 inhibits activation by stabilizing a ligated and inactive Fc gamma receptor.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zhaoliang Huang, Xinghua Pang, Tingting Zhong, Tailong Qu, Na Chen, Shun Ma, Xinrong He, Dennis Xia, Max Wang, Michelle Xia, Baiyong Li
Summary: Penpulimab, an IgG1 backbone anti-PD-1 antibody, has demonstrated good stability and reduced host cell protein residue. Fc engineering has eliminated Fc-mediated effector functions, including ADCC and ADCP, and reduced ADCR, contributing to its more favorable safety profile.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Cuiyan Cao, Long Yu, Xiuli Zhang, Xuefang Dong, Jingli Yuan, Xinmiao Liang
Summary: The calibration strategy using a library of glycopeptide standards significantly improved the accuracy and precision of Fc-glycosylation analysis of mAbs, especially when coupled with HILIC separation. Transferability of the calibrated quantitation across different instruments and laboratories was also enhanced, indicating its utility for Fc-glycosylation analysis of IgG1-type mAbs with multiple glycosylation sites.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Christine Baksmeier, Pat Blundell, Julia Steckel, Verena Schultz, Quan Gu, Ana Da Silva Filipe, Alain Kohl, Chris Linnington, Dongli Lu, Anne Dell, Stuart Haslam, Jiabin Wang, Dan Czajkowsky, Norbert Goebels, Richard J. Pleass
Summary: IVIG is an established treatment for autoimmune conditions, but mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study used adapted Fc fragments to dissect IVIG effector mechanisms in an ex vivo model of demyelination. The protective effects of the adapted Fc fragments were dose-dependent and attributed to interference with complement-mediated damage to oligodendrocytes. Overall, findings suggest that recombinant biomimetics may be more effective than IVIG in controlling demyelination.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhiran Zheng, Jiawei Li, Kailun Wei, Ning Tang, Min-Hui Li, Jun Hu
Summary: This study develops an integrated auxetic elastomer (IAE) that can exhibit transverse expansion while being axially stretched. By using high-modulus cross-linked poly(urethane-urea) as a skeleton and low-modulus non-cross-linked poly(urethane-urea) as a complementary-shape matrix, along with the dual dynamic interfacial healing promoted by disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds, the resulting IAE possesses flat, void-free, and sharp soft-to-hard interface-free characteristics. Moreover, the fracture strength and elongation at the break of the IAE are significantly improved compared to those of the corrugated re-entrant skeleton alone, while maintaining the negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) within a certain strain range. Finite element analysis further confirms the advantageous mechanical and auxetic properties of this elastomer.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weijun Yang, Yanlin Zhu, Tianxi Liu, Debora Puglia, Jose M. Kenny, Pengwu Xu, Rui Zhang, Piming Ma
Summary: A novel amorphous and transparent polyurethane/nanocellulose elastomer with excellent self-healing, self-reinforcing and toughening performance is obtained by implementing a dual dynamic crosslinking strategy through multiple hydrogen and disulfide bonds. The elastomer can fully self-heal within 4.0 h at 50 degrees C and exhibits significantly increased tensile strength and toughness after multiple hot-pressing. The self-strength and self-toughening effects are attributed to the reconstruction of dual dynamic networks and the presence of multiple hydrogen bonds.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chandra B. Prabaharan, Sabeena Giri, Kevin J. H. Allen, Katrina E. M. Bato, Therese R. Mercado, Mackenzie E. Malo, Jorge L. C. Carvalho, Ekaterina Dadachova, Maruti Uppalapati
Summary: Novel therapeutic approaches, such as targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) and radioimmunotherapy (RIT), are promising for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Researchers have developed an improved version of a human antibody called IF3 & delta;, which effectively inhibits tumor growth. The study also suggests that both IF3 and IF3 & delta; have potential for RIT of osteosarcoma.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ronit Rosenfeld, Tal Noy-Porat, Adva Mechaly, Efi Makdasi, Yinon Levy, Ron Alcalay, Reut Falach, Moshe Aftalion, Eyal Epstein, David Gur, Theodor Chitlaru, Einat B. Vitner, Sharon Melamed, Boaz Politi, Ayelet Zauberman, Shirley Lazar, Adi Beth-Din, Yentl Evgy, Shmuel Yitzhaki, Shmuel C. Shapira, Tomer Israely, Ohad Mazor
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has severe consequences on human life and economy. Using human monoclonal antibodies like MD65 can effectively prevent and treat infections, showing promising results in saving lives of infected animals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Hong Gao, Yingchun Sun, Miaomiao Wang, Bo Wu, Guoqiang Han, Ling Jin, Kui Zhang, Youyi Xia
Summary: This article introduces a novel acrylate-based elastomer with exchangeable disulfide crosslinks for self-healing and reprocessing capabilities. The use of a base system as a catalyst proves to be highly efficient, enabling the material to quickly restore over 90% of its mechanical properties within 5 hours, showing promising application potential as recoverable adhesives.
Article
Polymer Science
Biqiang Jin, Wenqiang Wu, Haitao Wu
Summary: A core strategy based on dynamic hard domains is proposed to fabricate mechanically robust and self-healing polymeric materials. The synergistic effect of hierarchical hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds effectively solves the contradiction between relaxation dynamics and cohesive energy. The resulting PU elastomer exhibits excellent mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aatir A. Tungekar, Lloyd W. Ruddock
Summary: With increased accessibility and tissue penetration, smaller antibody formats such as Fab and scFv have shown potential as effective and low-cost alternatives to full-length antibodies. Microbial hosts hold promise as production hosts for antibody fragments, but production limitations arise due to low target protein yields and protein folding complexity. This study reports an alternative antibody fragment format, FabH3, designed to overcome these limitations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Duan, Yan Liu, Dongmei Tang, Run Lin, Jinrong Huang, Ming Zhao
Summary: It has been established that atherosclerosis is an autoimmune disease, but the role of FcεRIIA in atherosclerosis is not well understood. This study investigates the relationship between FcεRIIA genotypes and the effectiveness of different IgG subclasses in treating atherosclerosis. The findings suggest that IgG1 is the optimal subtype for treating atherosclerosis, as it can induce monocyte/macrophage polarization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hallie M. Hintz, Kristin M. Snyder, Jianming Wu, Robert Hullsiek, James D. Dahlvang, Geoffrey T. Hart, Bruce Walcheck, Aaron M. LeBeau
Summary: The study engineered NK cells to express CD64 and bind antibodies for tumor targeting in mCRPC, showing enhanced cytotoxicity through ADCC. Targeting prostate tumor antigen TROP2 and fibroblast marker FAP, the combination approach demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to single mAbs and NK cells alone, suggesting a potential immunotherapy for mCRPC.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Astrid Hagelkruys, Gerald Wirnsberger, Johannes Stadlmann, Miriam Wohner, Marion Horrer, Bojan Vilagos, Gustav Jonsson, Melanie Kogler, Luigi Tortola, Maria Novatchkova, Peter Bonelt, David Hoffmann, Rubina Koglgruber, Ulrike Steffen, Georg Schett, Meinrad Busslinger, Andreas Bergthaler, Christoph Klein, Josef M. Penninger
Summary: Loss of Jagn1 leads to alterations in ER and reduced antibody production in B cells, resulting in compromised humoral immune response in mice.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alexandra Castilho, Jennifer Schwestka, Nikolaus F. Kienzl, Ulrike Vavra, Clemens Gruenwald-Gruber, Shiva Izadi, Chaitra Hiremath, Janine Niederhoefer, Elisabeth Laurent, Vanessa Monteil, Ali Mirazimi, Gerald Wirnsberger, Johannes Stadlmann, Eva Stoeger, Lukas Mach, Richard Strasser
Summary: Administration of high concentrations of soluble ACE2 can be utilized as a decoy to block the interaction of the virus with cellular ACE2 receptors. Human ACE2's glycosylation impacts its binding to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and virus infectivity.
BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lindy Abas, Martina Kolb, Johannes Stadlmann, Dorina P. Janacek, Kristina Lukic, Claus Schwechheimer, Leonid A. Sazanov, Lukas Mach, Jiri Friml, Ulrich Z. Hammes
Summary: NPA is a key inhibitor of directional auxin transport in plants, acting by directly inhibiting PINs. Research also shows an effect of NPA on PIN dimerization, offering insights into structural aspects of PINs related to their transport mechanism.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Reka Mocsai, Hanspeter Kaehlig, Markus Blaukopf, Johannes Stadlmann, Paul Kosma, Friedrich Altmann
Summary: Microalgae of the Chlorella clade are extensively studied for their use as environmentally friendly sources of biofuels and nutrients, as well as food additives. A recent study on 80 commercial Chlorella preparations discovered unexpected protein-linked N-glycan patterns with unique structural features. The study revealed novel N-glycan structures with features unrelated to other Chlorella-clade strains.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Hoffmann, Stefan Mereiter, Yoo Jin Oh, Vanessa Monteil, Elizabeth Elder, Rong Zhu, Daniel Canena, Lisa Hain, Elisabeth Laurent, Clemens Gruenwald-Gruber, Miriam Klausberger, Gustav Jonsson, Max J. Kellner, Maria Novatchkova, Melita Ticevic, Antoine Chabloz, Gerald Wirnsberger, Astrid Hagelkruys, Friedrich Altmann, Lukas Mach, Johannes Stadlmann, Chris Oostenbrink, Ali Mirazimi, Peter Hinterdorfer, Josef M. Penninger
Summary: The study found that Clec4g and CD209c lectins can bind to the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, interfering with the virus' attachment to cell surfaces and significantly reducing infections. This provides hope for pan-variant therapeutic interventions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramesh Yelagandula, Aleksandr Bykov, Alexander Vogt, Robert Heinen, Ezgi Oezkan, Marcus Martin Strobl, Juliane Christina Baar, Kristina Uzunova, Bence Hajdusits, Darja Kordic, Erna Suljic, Amina Kurtovic-Kozaric, Sebija Izetbegovic, Justine Schaeffer, Peter Hufnagl, Alexander Zoufaly, Tamara Seitz, Manuela Foedinger, Franz Allerberger, Alexander Stark, Luisa Cochella, Ulrich Elling
Summary: The SARSeq method presented in this study uses a dual indexing strategy in a multiplexed RT-PCR reaction to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 at scale with high sensitivity and robustness. It can also be used for simultaneous detection of other viruses and expanded to detect other pathogens.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Stefan Vogt, Madhusudhan Reddy Bobbili, Gerhard Stadlmayr, Katharina Stadlbauer, Jorgen Kjems, Florian Ruker, Johannes Grillari, Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
Summary: Research has shown that by using the CD81 protein to recognize target antigens, the targeted delivery capability of EVs can be enhanced, and this has been validated in mammalian cells. Mutant sequences are reformatted into full-length CD81 and expressed in EVs produced by HeLa cells, showing improved uptake by specific antigens.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Natale, Gerhard Stadlmayr, Filippo Benedetti, Katharina Stadlbauer, Florian Ruker, Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
Summary: Bispecific antibodies and antibody fragments have increasing importance in clinical applications for enhanced targeting selectivity and modulation of multiple cellular pathways. In this study, symmetrical bispecific parental antibodies were engineered to guide the formation of a controlled trispecific antibody with minimal point mutations. The resulting molecules exhibited good biophysical characteristics and retained the antigen reactivity and biological activity of the parental constructs.
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Claudia Ctortecka, Gabriela Krssakova, Karel Stejskal, Josef M. Penninger, Sasha Mendjan, Karl Mechtler, Johannes Stadlmann
Summary: The combination of single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics has significantly advanced our understanding of basic biology and disease. A novel data analysis pipeline, using DIA and TMT methods, allows for reproducible comparison of protein expression profiles across hundreds of samples.
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Rodak, Gerhard Stadlmayr, Katharina Stadlbauer, Dominic Lichtscheidl, Madhusudhan Reddy Bobbili, Florian Rueker, Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
Summary: The study of IgE is important in the treatment of allergies and asthma, and therapeutic anti-IgE antibodies can intervene in its function by different mechanisms to reduce serum IgE levels. Bispecific antibody fusion proteins have shown promising results in eliciting cytotoxic T-cell-mediated killing through specific activation.
Article
Biology
Filippo Benedetti, Katharina Stadlbauer, Gerhard Stadlmayr, Florian Rueker, Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
Summary: This study constructed a novel antibody by combining two different monoclonal antibodies, leading to a rapid reduction in surface receptor levels of HER2-positive cells and demonstrating a specific anti-proliferative effect in vitro against these cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katharina Stadlbauer, Peter Andorfer, Gerhard Stadlmayr, Florian Ruker, Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
Summary: Inhibition of complement activation by overexpressing complement-regulatory proteins can disguise cancer cells from the immune system, but may also reduce the efficacy of therapeutic antibodies. By selecting CD59-specific Fc fragments, a bispecific antibody was created that can induce higher specific cytotoxicity at a lower concentration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zoe Raglow, Mary Kathryn McKenna, Challice L. Bonifant, Wenjing Wang, Marina Pasca di Magliano, Johannes Stadlmann, Josef M. Penninger, Richard D. Cummings, Malcolm K. Brenner, David M. Markovitz
Summary: This review discusses the challenges of CAR T cell therapy in solid tumors, including the scarcity of tumor-specific antigens and the complex tumor microenvironment. It introduces the importance of glycosylation in cancer and the potential of glycosylated glycoproteins as targets for CAR T cell therapy. It also highlights the development and future landscape of glycan-binding CAR T cell therapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Rodak, Katharina Stadlbauer, Madhusudhan Reddy Bobbili, Oskar Smrzka, Florian Rueker, Gordana Wozniak Knopp
Summary: This study developed an antibody-drug conjugate that showed cytotoxicity for IgE-positive cells. The antibody had fast internalization and strict target specificity, providing a valuable starting point for the development of an anti-IgE cell-depleting agent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Filippo Benedetti, Florian Stracke, Gerhard Stadlmayr, Katharina Stadlbauer, Florian Ruker, Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
Summary: Monoclonal antibodies can be engineered to have high affinity binding to two target antigens by introducing multiple binding sites through C(H)3 domain modifications. The bispecific antibodies with exchanged antigen-binding C(H)3 domains showed expected molecular composition, high expression levels, and retained high thermostability in laboratory conditions. These antibodies offer an alternative solution in positioning and valency of antigen binding sites.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS REPORTS
(2021)