Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xuyang Song, Meng Zhao, Qiaoqiao Cao, Shengxuan Wang, Ranran Li, Xuan Zhang, Letian Zhang, Kerong Shi
Summary: This study investigated whole-genome transcriptome profiles of bovine mammary tissues at different lactation stages, identifying differentially expressed genes and confirming the expression of important genes in the mammary epithelium of dairy cows. The study also revealed internal development regularities underlying the shape of the milk production curve.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wei Xia, Yili Liu, Juan J. Loor, Massimo Bionaz, Mingfeng Jiang
Summary: This study evaluated the transcriptome of mammary tissue in four yaks throughout the lactation cycle. The analysis identified over 6000 differentially expressed genes, with a large number of genes showing differential expression at the onset and end of lactation. The functions affected by transcriptomic adaptation to lactation in yak mammary tissue were similar to those observed in dairy cows, including induction of lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and glycan biosynthesis, as well as suppression of the cell cycle and immune response.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Celeste M. Sheftel, Lihe Liu, Sena L. Field, Samantha R. Weaver, Chad M. Vezina, Francisco Penagaricano, Laura L. Hernandez
Summary: Serotonin is a key regulator of mammary gland homeostasis during lactation, and this study found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) alter gene expression in the mammary gland, affecting milk synthesis and mammary gland function. Folic acid supplementation also has an impact on the mammary gland transcriptome, but it does not reverse the effects caused by SSRI treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
H. Taga, M. P. Dallaire, R. Gervais, F. J. Richard, L. Ma, B. A. Corl, P. Y. Chouinard
Summary: The study aimed to characterize lipid raft microdomains in mammary gland tissue and investigate the effects of dietary fatty acids on lipid raft markers in mammary cells, as well as their relationships with lactation performance in dairy cows. The results indicated a positive relationship between the abundance of GM-1 and lipid raft markers in DRM fraction with milk yield, protein yield, and lactose yield.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yaqi Fei, Yedan Gai, Qingchao Liao, Linxi Zhang, Zheng Li, Bojiang Li, Man Bai, Na Li, Liang Deng
Summary: In this study, mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq were performed to investigate the regulatory profile of miRNAs and mRNAs in lactation in donkeys. The results revealed differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in lactating and nonlactating groups, and identified key miRNAs that target genes involved in immunity and milk component metabolism. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating bioactive milk component metabolism in donkeys and have potential implications for improving milk production.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jinbo Wu, Shiming He, Zhonghua Yu, Daoliang Lan, Xianrong Xiong, Zhu Li
Summary: In this study, RNA-seq was used to analyze the mammary gland transcriptomes of high-yielding and low-yielding yaks during lactation. The results showed that 144 differential genes were identified, which were involved in various biological processes such as carbohydrate metabolism. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of yak mammary gland tissue and potential strategies for improving milk production in yaks.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Min Fu, Yuanpeng Gao, Wenxing Guo, Qi Meng, Qi Jin, Rui Yang, Ying Yang, Yaqi Zhang, Wanqi Zhang
Summary: This research investigates the compensation mechanism of iodine deficiency and excess in the mammary gland during lactation. The study found that milk iodine concentration is positively correlated with iodine intake, and the regulation of glycosylation and degradation of NIS by DPAGT1 and VCP in the mammary gland plays a role in regulating milk iodine level. However, the mammary gland has limited ability to compensate for iodine deficiency and excess.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Li, Changjie Lin, Yifan Zhu, Haojun Xu, Yiya Yin, Chaohao Wang, Xin Tang, Tongxing Song, Aizhen Guo, Yingyu Chen, Changmin Hu
Summary: This study investigated the role and mechanism of RNA m(6)A modification in mastitis treated with E. coli using MeRIP-seq technology, revealing the significant impact of m(6)A in mastitis and elucidating the interplay between gene expression and m(6)A modification, providing important insights for future research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianting Ning, Xueyan Cao, Xiqing Yue, Mei Yang
Summary: This study investigated the phosphorylation of whey proteins in bovine milk and identified a total of 185 phosphorylation sites on 72 phosphoproteins. By focusing on 45 differentially expressed whey phosphoproteins (DEWPPs) in colostrum and mature milk, the study revealed the key roles of blood coagulation, extractive space, and protein binding in bovine milk. The critical pathway of DEWPPs was found to be related to the immune system. These findings expand our knowledge of phosphorylation sites and phosphoproteins in bovine whey and provide new insights into whey protein nutrition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Weihao Chen, Xinyu Gu, Xiaoyang Lv, Xiukai Cao, Zehu Yuan, Shanhe Wang, Wei Sun
Summary: This study used RNA-seq technology to analyze the expression of miRNAs and circRNAs in sheep mammary gland during different lactation periods and identified potential miRNAs and circRNAs related to sheep mammary gland development through bioinformatics analysis.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Lu, Guohao Huang, Xuan Chang, Bingni Wei, Yawang Sun, Zhengguo Yang, Yongju Zhao, Zhongquan Zhao, Guozhong Dong, Juncai Chen
Summary: Serotonin plays a crucial role in mammary gland involution, but the mechanisms of serotonin regulation and its effects on involution still need further investigation. This study showed that a high concentration of serotonin decreased viability and barrier function in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). Transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of 2477 genes in MAC-T cells treated with 200 μg/mL of serotonin, and enrichment of the Notch, p53, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Serotonylation affected cell death, fatty acid synthesis, and tight junction formation and disruption induced by serotonin. Overall, high levels of serotonin can accelerate mammary gland involution, possibly through the regulation of Notch, p53, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Serotonylation is involved in bovine mammary gland involution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenting Dai, Robin White, Jianxin Liu, Hongyun Liu
Summary: The mammary gland undergoes remarkable changes during development and has the ability to remodel and regenerate during lactation. Multiple processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and metabolic changes, under the control of cellular and hormonal signaling pathways, are required for the flexibility of the mammary gland. Understanding the subcellular events within mammary epithelial cells and how they relate to milk production and secretion provides insights into maintaining mammary/breast health.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexis Marceau, Junjian Wang, Victoria Iqbal, Jicai Jiang, George E. Liu, Li Ma
Summary: This study aims to identify and analyze lncRNA transcripts in Bos taurus mammary tissue samples to understand their features and functions, particularly their connection to lactation. The findings reveal that the lncRNAs in mammary tissue have distinct characteristics and functional annotations, and are associated with both mammary tissue development and genes/proteins related to pregnancy.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Shuang-feng Chu, Tian-qi Zhao, Abdelaziz Adam Idriss Arbab, Yi Yang, Zhi Chen, Zhang-ping Yang
Summary: Fat is an essential nutrient and basic metabolite for sustaining life, and milk is rich in fatty acids. MicroRNA (miRNA) and mRNA play a crucial role in regulating milk fat metabolism in mammary gland tissue. This study identified a key gene, TGFA, that regulates milk fat metabolism through transcriptome sequencing. The miR-140/TGFA pathway was found to inhibit milk fat metabolism and improve milk quality by genetic means.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alecia-Jane Twigger, Lisa K. Engelbrecht, Karsten Bach, Isabel Schultz-Pernice, Sara Pensa, Jack Stenning, Stefania Petricca, Christina H. Scheel, Walid T. Khaled
Summary: This study characterizes cells in human milk and identifies epithelial cells similar to luminal progenitors and immune cells. The findings contribute to understanding the remodelling of human mammary tissue during pregnancy and lactation, and provide insights into the interplay between pregnancy, lactation, and breast cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
ThankGod Echezona Ebenezer, Anne W. T. Muigai, Simplice Nouala, Bouabid Badaoui, Mark Blaxter, Alan G. Buddie, Erich D. Jarvis, Jonas Korlach, Josiah O. Kuja, Harris A. Lewin, Roksana Majewska, Ntanganedzeni Mapholi, Suresh Maslamoney, Michele Mbo'o-Tchouawou, Julian O. Osuji, Ole Seehausen, Oluwaseyi Shorinola, Christian Keambou Tiambo, Nicola Mulder, Cathrine Ziyomo, Appolinaire Djikeng
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renxu Chang, Yan Tang, Hongdou Jia, Zhihao Dong, Shuang Gao, Qian Song, Hao Dong, Qiushi Xu, Qianming Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Xudong Sun, Chuang Xu
Summary: Increased metabolic stress during early lactation leads to mitochondrial damage and inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells, which can be worsened by inhibition of mitophagy. PINK1-mediated mitophagy plays a crucial role in removing damaged mitochondria and regulating inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PINK1-mediated mitophagy on mitochondrial damage and inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells stimulated by LPS. The results showed that exogenous LPS activated mitophagy, resulting in decreased protein levels of OXPHOS complexes and oxygen consumption, as well as increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. This was accompanied by increased levels of NLRP3 protein, a key component of the inflammatory response. Inhibition of mitophagy or knockdown of PINK1 exacerbated the detrimental effects of LPS, while overexpression of PINK1 attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress. Overall, these findings suggest that PINK1-mediated mitophagy is an essential anti-inflammatory mechanism that removes damaged mitochondria in bovine mammary epithelial cells subjected to increased inflammation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Menglu Zhang, Tong Fu, Qixue Huang, Zhiyang Xing, Jingna Yang, Wenyan Lu, Mingyue Hu, Li Qiang Han, Juan J. Loor, Teng Yun Gao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on milk fat globules (MFGs) in dairy cows. Results showed that CLA reduced milk fat content and size parameters of MFG, while also influencing the concentration of glycerophospholipids.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Danielle N. Coleman, Qianming Jiang, Matheus G. Lopes, Luciano Ritt, Yusheng Liang, Ahmad Aboragah, Erminio Trevisi, Ilkyu Yoon, Juan J. Loor
Summary: Feeding NutriTek improved health and supported anti-inflammatory functions in cows during a period of feed restriction.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ming Li, Yuxin He, Wei Zhang, Yufeng Yin, Qianming Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Jingjing Wang, Jianan Wen, Wei Yang, Chuang Xu, Bingbing Zhang
Summary: Increased concentrations of FFAs during the periparturient period increase the risk of fatty liver in dairy cows. Taraxasterol, a compound found in medicinal plants, plays a role in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant reactions. It is unknown if Taraxasterol can alleviate fatty liver in ruminants.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carlos Fernandez, Tamara Romero, Ignacio Badiola, Jesus Diaz-Cano, Gregorio Sanzol, Juan J. Loor
Summary: This research evaluated the effects of incorporating a postbiotic yeast fermentation product in diets of lactating goats on energy partitioning, carbon and nitrogen balance, and performance. The results showed that the postbiotic led to greater ruminal propionate concentration and fiber digestibility, and decreased energy partitioning to methane, ultimately increasing milk production. The study suggested that postbiotics can enhance efficiency of nutrient use for milk production.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lei Liu, Baogen Wang, Wei Yang, Qianming Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Lu Ouyang, Huilun Tang, Renxu Chang, Tao Peng, Chuang Xu
Summary: Excessive inflammation in bovine mammary endothelial cells (BMEC) due to mastitis leads to disease progression and eventual culling of cattle. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial deacetylase, downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines in BMEC exposed to high concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids by blunting nuclear factor-KB (NFKB) signaling. The study investigated the effects of SIRT3 and PGC1 alpha on inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells and confirmed the potential benefits of targeting SIRT3 to prevent or alleviate negative effects of mastitis.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bingbing Zhang, Wei Zhang, Yuxin He, Xinru Ma, Ming Li, Qianming Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Xinquan Lv, Wei Yang, Chuang Xu
Summary: Hypocalcemia in dairy cows is associated with a decrease of neutrophil adhesion and phagocytosis, partly driven by changes in the expression of SOCE-related molecules. This study reveals that glycolysis may play a role in providing energy for neutrophils during hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Furthermore, the study suggests that SOCE-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ levels affect glycolysis and regulate neutrophil adhesion and phagocytosis.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Vincenzo Lopreiato, Andrea Minuti, Erminio Trevisi, Giuseppe Piccione, Giulia Ferronato, Juan J. Loor, Domenico Britti, Luigi Liotta, Claudia Giannetto, Francesca Arfuso
Summary: This study investigated the immune-metabolic status and growth performance of Simmental calves born from cows treated with pegbovigrastim before calving. The results showed that the calves in the pegbovigrastim group had lower body weight, heart girth, and average daily gain compared to the control group. They also had lower values of certain blood parameters and vitamins, and higher levels of oxidants and myeloperoxidase. The findings suggest that activation of the cow's immune system by pegbovigrastim could have affected the immune competence, growth performance, and oxidative balance of the newborn calves.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Lin Fu, Liaochuan Wang, Li Liu, Li Zhang, Ziyao Zhou, Yan Zhou, Gaofu Wang, Juan J. Loor, Peng Zhou, Xianwen Dong
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of inoculating lambs with adult goat ruminal fluid during the first 15 days of life. The results showed that ruminal fluid inoculation improved the lambs' growth, health, and overall metabolism by modulating the gut microbial community. This was evidenced by the increased body weight recovery, improved health markers in the serum, and changes in the relative abundance of gut microorganisms and metabolites.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wei Xia, Yili Liu, Juan J. Loor, Massimo Bionaz, Mingfeng Jiang
Summary: This study evaluated the transcriptome of mammary tissue in four yaks throughout the lactation cycle. The analysis identified over 6000 differentially expressed genes, with a large number of genes showing differential expression at the onset and end of lactation. The functions affected by transcriptomic adaptation to lactation in yak mammary tissue were similar to those observed in dairy cows, including induction of lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and glycan biosynthesis, as well as suppression of the cell cycle and immune response.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carlos Fernandez, Juan J. Loor
Summary: Feed costs are the largest expense for dairy producers, so improving milk production efficiency is economically important. This study developed a dynamic model to describe how dietary energy is transferred to milk in dairy goats and quantified methane emissions. The model can be used to simulate scenarios to increase milk fat and protein and evaluate methane emissions without animal trials.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lam Phuoc Thanh, Wisitiporn Suksombat, Juan J. Loor, Tran Thi Thuy Hang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of incorporating PUFA- and RUP-enriched feeds on ruminal fermentation, methane production, milk yield, and milk FA profiles in dairy cows. The results showed that including these feeds reduced ruminal volatile fatty acids and methane production, decreased milk fat content, improved certain milk quality indicators, and had no effect on milk production.
ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Muhammad Khan, Muhammad Afzal Rashid, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf, Saima Naveed, Imran Mohsin, Habib Ur Rehman, Juan J. Loor
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different physical forms of complete diets on the performance, feeding behaviour, digestibility, ruminal health, blood and carcass indices in fattening lambs. The study found that feeding lambs with an unprocessed diet based on whole corn grain and soybean hulls (UP) improved dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed-to-gain ratio, ruminal pH, and reduced the incidence of loose faeces consistency compared to other diets. The UP diet also resulted in higher intake of dry matter and neutral detergent fibre, increased rumination time and chewing activities, and improved digestibility and carcass weight.
ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qianming Jiang, Valentino Palombo, Danielle N. Sherlock, Mario Vailati-Riboni, Mariasilvia D'Andrea, Ilkyu Yoon, Juan J. Loor
Summary: Stressors can impair the intestinal barrier function, known as leaky gut, while feeding SCFP can alter the transcriptome of dairy cows' intestines and reduce immune-related gene transcription.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)