Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Garrett Winkelmaier, Kosar Jabbari, Lung-Chang Chien, Peter Grabham, Bahram Parvin, Janice Pluth
Summary: During space travel, astronauts face the challenge of adapting to microgravity and stressful living conditions. The impact of microgravity on organ development is not well understood, and this study used mouse mammary epithelial cells to investigate its effects. The results suggest that microgravity can cause abnormal changes in mammary epithelial cells and increase the risk of cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Hongwei Zhao, Yuanyuan Shi, Changyu Qiu, Jun Zhao, Yubo Gong, Chuang Nie, Bin Wu, Yanyan Yang, Fei Wang, Ling Luo
Summary: Simulated microgravity conditions lead to alterations in F-actin structure and apoptosis of CVECs. The Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway and PI3K/AKT pathway may be involved in the damage to CVECs caused by simulated microgravity.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Justina Joksiene, Jayashree Sahana, Markus Wehland, Herbert Schulz, Jose Luis Cortes-Sanchez, Judit Prat-Duran, Daniela Grimm, Ulf Simonsen
Summary: A diabetogenic state induced by spaceflight causes stress and health problems in astronauts. Microgravity is a main stressor in space that leads to hyperglycaemia. The molecular pathways and synergistic effects of microgravity and hyperglycaemia are not fully understood.
Article
Immunology
Minjin Kim, Gyeongin Jang, Kyu-Sung Kim, Jinwook Shin
Summary: Microgravity negatively regulates the survival and effector function of mast cells, as well as impairs mast cell degranulation and cytokine secretion.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paolo Degan, Katia Cortese, Alessandra Pulliero, Silvia Bruno, Maria Cristina Gagliani, Matteo Congiu, Alberto Izzotti
Summary: The exposure of A549 cells to microgravity causes the generation of polynucleated cells, cell cycle imbalance, growth inhibition, and morphological abnormalities, especially in damaged mitochondria. Global miRNA analysis reveals miRNAs associated with mu G mainly involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and stress response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher Ludtka, Erika Moore, Josephine B. Allen
Summary: This study examines the effects of simulated microgravity on different phenotypes of macrophages, finding that microgravity leads to changes in the expression of certain cytokines, which may be related to specific signal transduction pathways.
Review
Cell Biology
Feng Li, Ying Ye, Xiaohua Lei, Wensheng Zhang
Summary: With the development of science and technology, mankind's exploration of outer space has increased tremendously. Settling in outer space or on other planets could help solve the Earth's resource crisis, but such settlement will first face the problem of reproduction. There are considerable differences between outer space and the Earth's environment, with the effects of gravity being one of the most significant. Studying the possible effects and underlying mechanisms of microgravity on embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation and embryonic development could help provide solutions to healthy living and reproduction in deep space. This article summarizes recent research progress on the effects of microgravity on ESCs and early embryonic development and proposes hypotheses regarding the potential mechanisms. In addition, we discuss the controversies and key questions in the field and indicate directions for future research.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Angela Masini, Valentina Bonetto, Marcello Manfredi, Anna Pasto, Elettra Barberis, Sara Timo, Virginia Vita Vanella, Elisa Robotti, Francesca Masetto, Francesca Andreoli, Alessandra Fiore, Sara Tavella, Antonio Sica, Massimo Donadelli, Emilio Marengo
Summary: The absence of gravity has significant impact on cancer cells, affecting their morphology, metabolism, and phenotype. Simulated microgravity can activate cellular motility pathways and enhance the migratory capability of tumor cells. Additionally, the absence of gravity can alter metabolic pathways, promoting the survival and proliferation of cancer cells.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mei Wang, Jinxia Li, Shunyu Zhang, Yue You, Xianyu Zhu, Huandong Xiang, Liang Yan, Feng Zhao, Yunhui Li
Summary: With the increasing application of nanomaterials in aerospace technology, the health concerns of astronauts regarding long-term space exposure to nanomaterials under radiation and microgravity conditions have been raised. This study simulated microgravity using a random positioning machine (RPM) and investigated the behaviors of cells under simulated microgravity as well as the potential toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The results showed that simulated microgravity had no significant effect on cell viability, but it could reduce cell migration. The exposure to TiO2 NPs inhibited cell migration under both gravity conditions, but to a milder extent under simulated microgravity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Liqiu Ma, Fuquan Kong, Yihao Gong, Qiaojuan Wang, Jiancheng Liu, Li Sui
Summary: The combination of proton radiation (PR) and simulated microgravity (S mu G) may lead to reductions in cell proliferation and differentiation capacities in a dose-dependent manner. This study provides new insights into bone-related hazards caused by multiple factors, such as PR and microgravity, in the space environment.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Chiyuan Ma, Yue Xiong, Pei Han, Xueying Zhang, Yujing Cao, Baobei Wang, Huashan Zhao, Enkui Duan, Jian V. Zhang, Xiaohua Lei
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time the significant impact of microgravity on hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), and reveals the underlying mechanism for the effect of simulated microgravity on hematopoiesis development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Zhivodernikov, Andrey Ratushnyy, Ludmila Buravkova
Summary: Long-term spaceflights can cause osteopenia, potentially due to changes in ECM composition and remodeling by osteogenic cells. Exposure to simulated microgravity for 10 days resulted in decreased collagen levels and increased protease secretion in MSCs. Transcriptomic changes in ECM were more significant in osteocommitted progeny.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominique Moser, Katharina Biere, Christian Liemersdorf, Marina Tuschen, Ruth Hemmersbach, Alexander Chouker
Summary: Microgravity is a major stressor in space that affects immune cell function. Hypergravity has been shown to have beneficial effects on the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular system. This study investigated whether mild mechanical loading could prevent immune dysregulation caused by microgravity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingjing Dong, Honghui Wang, Gaozhi Li, Ke Wang, Yingjun Tan, Lijun Zhang, Yixuan Wang, Zebing Hu, Xinsheng Cao, Fei Shi, Shu Zhang
Summary: The combination of microgravity and radiation exacerbates the effects on MC3T3-E1 cells and rat femurs, leading to decreased cell activity, increased apoptosis rates, bone loss, and altered gene and protein expressions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yansiwei Cheng, Yuhao Zhou, Wenjun Lv, Qing Luo, Guanbin Song
Summary: Research shows that microgravity inhibits dermal fibroblastic differentiation of BMSCs by suppressing ERK/beta-catenin signaling, indicating a potential intervention target for repairing skin injuries in microgravity conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)