Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Lina Maria Lissia
Summary: This article shows the similarity between the Lottery Paradox and the Sorites, and argues that our perception of the Paradox should be modified. The Cut-off Point Problem is highlighted as a key aspect in the debate on Kyburg's puzzle. The consequences of different approaches to resolving the Lottery Paradox in relation to the Cut-off Point Problem are explored, with the heap variant of the Paradox being particularly relevant in evaluating solutions. The debate on the validity of modus ponens is also shown to be important in discussions on the Lottery Paradox.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Machoene Derrick Sekgala, Maretha Opperman, Buhle Mpahleni, Zandile June-Rose Mchiza
Summary: This study aimed to determine the best anthropometric indices for detecting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in male South African taxi drivers. The results showed that %BF and CUN-BAE were the most effective predictors, followed by BMI and WHtR.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ezgi Turkay, Seray Kabaran
Summary: This study aimed to determine the cut-off points for neck circumference in children living in Northern Cyprus to detect overweight and obesity. The cut-off points were found to be 26.9cm for girls and 27.9cm for boys. These cut-off points can be used to define overweight and obesity in children in epidemiological studies. Additionally, a strong positive correlation was found between neck circumference and body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Di Renzo, Leila Itani, Paola Gualtieri, Massimo Pellegrini, Marwan El Ghoch, Antonino De Lorenzo
Summary: This study examined the validity of using BMI≥30 kg/m(2) as an indicator for obesity and identified a new BMI cut-off point for predicting obesity in middle-aged and older adults (BMI=27.27 kg/m(2)). The findings highlight the need for revising obesity guidelines in Italy.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eduardo Rossato de Victo, Irina Kovalskys, Mauro Fisberg, Georgina Gomez, Attilio Rigotti, Lilia Yadira Cortes, Martha Yepez Garcia, Rossina G. Pareja, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Dirceu Sole, Clemens Drenowatz, Adilson Marques, Gerson Ferrari
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between prolonged sitting time and excess weight in Latin American adults. Using data from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health, researchers found that sitting for more than 8 hours/day was associated with an increased risk of excess weight.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marie-Theres Huemer, Alexander Kluttig, Beate Fischer, Wolfgang Ahrens, Stefanie Castell, Nina Ebert, Sylvia Gastell, Karl-Heinz Joeckel, Rudolf Kaaks, Andre Karch, Thomas Keil, Yvonne Kemmling, Lilian Krist, Michael Leitzmann, Wolfgang Lieb, Claudia Meinke-Franze, Karin B. Michels, Rafael Mikolajczyk, Ilais Moreno Velasquez, Tobias Pischon, Sabine Schipf, Boerge Schmidt, Ben Schoettker, Matthias B. Schulze, Hannah Stocker, Henning Teismann, Kerstin Wirkner, Michael Drey, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand
Summary: This study compared the cut-off points for low grip strength in assessing sarcopenia between the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and a large German sample. The results showed that the German sample had cut-off points that were 2 kg higher than the EWGSOP2 cut-off points. Using higher cut-off points increased the sensitivity, suggesting intervention for more patients at risk, but also potentially leading to unnecessary diagnostics/treatment for others without immediate need.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Natalie Liu, Jen Birstler, Manasa Venkatesh, Lawrence Hanrahan, Guanhua Chen, Luke Funk
Summary: This study aimed to identify BMI cut points for predicting obesity-related comorbidities. Significant associations between increasing BMIs and the incidence of several comorbidities were found, with cut points identified for hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, hypertension, osteoarthritis, obstructive sleep apnea, and type 2 diabetes occurring when patients were overweight or barely met the criteria for class 1 obesity. Further research using national longitudinal data is needed to determine potential revisions to screening guidelines for appropriate comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Magdalena Gornicka, Kacper Szewczyk, Agnieszka Bialkowska, Kristina Jancichova, Marta Habanova, Krzysztof Gornicki, Jadwiga Hamulka
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the comparative classification capabilities of different anthropometric indices and BIA results in determining obesity. The results highlighted the need to change current diagnostic criteria for obesity and suggested that body fat content measurement could be an effective indicator for diagnosis and screening of obesity.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amir Bagheri, Tina Khosravy, Mehdi Moradinazar, Seyed Mostafa Nachvak, Yahya Pasdar, Davood Soleimani, Mehnoosh Samadi
Summary: In a cross-sectional population study of 8411 adults aged 35-65 years, VAI and FMI were found to be weakly associated with T2DM, suggesting that anthropometric measures may not be strong mediators of T2DM compared to historical and other factors.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Thando Ndarana, Tsholanang S. Rammopo, Mary-Jane Bopape, Chris J. C. Reason, Hector Chikoore
Summary: By analyzing 39 years of ECMWF renalysis data, this study has shown that South African cut-off low (COL) pressure systems are preceded by downstream development of a baroclinic wave, with two energy centers evolving in different latitudinal regions. The upstream eddy kinetic energy center grows through baroclinic conversion, while the downstream center receives energy through ageostrophic geopotential fluxes induced by Rossby wave breaking. This downstream energy transfer connects South African COLs to midlatitude processes.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camila Bruneli do Prado, Cleodice Alves Martins, Ana Clara Petersen Cremonini, Julia Rabelo Santos Ferreira, Monica Cattafesta, Juliana Almeida-de-Souza, Eliana Zandonade, Olivia Maria de Paula Alves Bezerra, Luciane Bresciani Salaroli
Summary: The study aimed to establish cut points for the conicity index based on the components of metabolic syndrome and examine its association with characteristic factors in Brazilian rural workers. The results showed high discriminatory power of the conicity index for identifying abdominal obesity in rural workers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paloma Ferrero-Hernandez, Claudio Farias-Valenzuela, Emilio Jofre-Saldia, Adilson Marques, Irina Kovalskys, Georgina Gomez, Attilio Rigotti, Lilia Yadira Cortes, Martha Yepez Garcia, Rossina G. Pareja, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Mauro Fisberg, Danilo R. Silva, Kabir P. Sadarangani, Gerson Ferrari
Summary: This study aims to establish cut-off points for the number of minutes of physical activity intensity and the number of daily steps that identify overweight/obesity in adolescents, adults, and older adults. The results can be used to develop specific recommendations for the prevention of overweight/obesity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pavla Kucova, Lumir Kantor, Katerina Fiserova, Jakub Lasak, Magdalena Roderova, Milan Kolar
Summary: Bacterial infections are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns, with low birth weight and prematurity as main risk factors. This study identified common bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance in a Neonatal Department. A cut-off of 72 hours after birth was found to be more suitable for distinguishing early- from late-onset infections, impacting antibiotic treatment strategy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gie Ken-Dror, Intisar Ajami, Thang S. Han, Taylor Aurelius, Ankita Maheshwari, Hassan Al Hail, Dirk Deleu, Sapna D. Sharma, Sageet Amlani, Gunaratnam Gunathilagan, David L. Cohen, Chakravarthi Rajkumar, Stuart Maguire, Sissi Ispoglou, Ibrahim Balogun, Anthea Parry, Lakshmanan Sekaran, Hafiz Syed, Enas Lawrence, Ravneeta Singh, Ahamad Hassan, Chris Wharton, Khalid Javaid, Neetish Goorah, Peter Carr, Eman Abdus Sami, Musab Ali, Hassan Al Hussein, Hassan Osman Abuzaid, Khalid Sharif, Shri Ram Sharma, P. N. Sylaja, Fahmi Yousef Khan, Kameshwar Prasad, Pankaj Sharma
Summary: South Asian stroke patients living in the UK and Qatar have a nearly 3.5-fold increased risk of diabetes compared to White British stroke patients. This may be partly due to their body composition. These findings have important implications for public health policymakers in countries with large South Asian populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eduardo Rangel-Baltazar, Sonia Rodriguez-Ramirez, Lucia Cuevas-Nasu, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Ignacio Mendez-Gomez-Humaran, Juan A. Rivera
Summary: The optimal waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) cut-off points for predicting cardiovascular risk (CVR) in Mexican adults vary by sex and height, with higher cut-off points for women than for men, and for individuals with short stature.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ash Routen, Sophia Abner, Louis S. Levene, Clare L. L. Gillies, Melanie Davies, Samuel Seidu, G. Andre Ng, Kamlesh Khunti
Summary: This study used published data to describe differences in documented and estimated atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence in general practices in England, and explored predictors of variations in AF prevalence. The results showed that documented AF prevalence was lower than estimated. Practice and population characteristics were found to be associated with variations in AF documentation.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Charlotte Hannah Gaughan, Cameron Razieh, Kamlesh Khunti, Amitava Banerjee, Yogini Chudasama, Melanie J. Davies, Ted Dolby, Clare L. Gillies, Claire Lawson, Evgeny M. Mirkes, Jasper Morgan, Karen Tingay, Francesco Zaccardi, Thomas Yates, Vahe Nafilyan
Summary: Despite high vaccination rates in the UK, certain ethnic minority communities have lower take-up rates. All ethnic groups have lower vaccination rates compared to the white British population, with black communities having the lowest rates.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Meena Bhatta, Melanie Davies, John E. Deanfield, W. Timothy Garvey, Usman Khalid, Robert Kushner, Domenica M. Rubino, Niels Zeuthen, Subodh Verma
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg on cardiometabolic risk factors in people with overweight/obesity without diabetes. The results showed that semaglutide can improve waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid levels, and reduce the use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications. However, these benefits were not maintained after treatment discontinuation.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Karen O. B. Appiah, Kamlesh Khunti, Benjamin M. Kelly, Aidan Q. Innes, Zhining Liao, Michael Dymond, Robert G. Middleton, Thomas W. Wainwright, Thomas Yates, Francesco Zaccardi
Summary: This study aimed to develop risk scores of preoperative patient factors and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) as predictors of patient-rated satisfaction and improvement following hip and knee replacements. Analysis of prospectively collected patient data showed that preoperative PROMs were closely related to surgical outcomes. Prediction models were developed to predict dissatisfaction and lack of improvement following surgery based on easily accessible preoperative patient factors and PROMs.
JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tatiana Plekhanova, Alex Rowlands, Melanie J. Davies, Andrew P. Hall, Tom Yates, Charlotte L. Edwardson
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of an automated sleep detection algorithm applied to data from three accelerometers. The results showed that the sleep estimates obtained from the accelerometers were generally comparable to the results from polysomnography, except for wake after sleep onset.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mary M. Barker, Melanie J. Davies, Francesco Zaccardi, Emer M. Brady, Andrew P. Hall, Joseph J. Henson, Kamlesh Khunti, Amelia Lake, Emma L. Redman, Alex V. Rowlands, Jane Speight, Tom Yates, Jack A. Sargeant, Michelle Hadjiconstantinou
Summary: This study investigated the association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms, diabetes-specific distress, and self-compassion. The results showed that younger age at diagnosis was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and diabetes-specific distress, and lower levels of self-compassion.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ian Litchfield, Timothy Barrett, Julian P. Hamilton-Shield, T. H. M. Moore, Parth Narendran, Sabi Redwood, Aidan Searle, Suma Uday, Jess Wheeler, Sheila Greenfield
Summary: Self-management support programmes have become important in the treatment of chronic diseases, including diabetes. However, the promised impact on glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and self-management behaviours for children and young people with diabetes remains unachieved, calling for an evaluation of current thinking and evidence to develop better targeted programmes for this age group.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Naomi Holman, Kamlesh Khunti, Sarah H. Wild, Naveed Sattar, Peter Knighton, Bob Young, Edward W. Gregg, Chirag Bakhai, Jonathan Valabhji
Summary: This study examines whether people with remission from type 2 diabetes continue to receive recommended care processes and the potential impacts of formal recognition of remission. The results show that individuals with a remission diagnosis were less likely to receive care processes compared to those without such coding, while those with evidence of remission had only a slightly reduced likelihood of receiving care processes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suping Ling, Francesco Zaccardi, Eyad Issa, Melanie J. Davies, Kamlesh Khunti, Karen Brown
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine long-term trends in cancer mortality rates among individuals with type 2 diabetes, based on various demographic and risk factor subgroups. The results showed that while overall mortality rates decreased, cancer mortality rates increased in older individuals with type 2 diabetes, especially for colorectal, pancreatic, liver, and endometrial cancer. This highlights the need for tailored cancer prevention and early detection strategies to address disparities in the older population, individuals of lower socioeconomic status, and smokers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kamlesh Khunti, Nithya Sukumar, Ghazala Waheed, Clare Gillies, Helen Dallosso, Chris Brough, Melanie J. Davies, Claire Fitzpatrick, Laura J. Gray, Patrick Highton, Alex Rowlands, Sally Schreder, Tom Yates, Ponnusamy Saravanan
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a hybrid intervention targeting physical activity in women with prior gestational diabetes. The results showed that the intervention group had higher self-efficacy for exercise, lower anxiety levels, and higher quality of life. However, further research is needed to improve participant engagement with physical activity interventions in multi-ethnic populations with a history of gestational diabetes.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amanda J. Daley, Ryan A. Griffin, Catherine A. Moakes, James P. Sanders, Magdalena Skrybant, Natalie Ives, Ben Maylor, Sheila M. Greenfield, Kajal Gokal, Helen M. Parretti, Stuart J. H. Biddle, Colin Greaves, Ralph Maddison, Nanette Mutrie, Dale W. Esliger, Lauren Sherar, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Tom Yates, Emma Frew, Sarah Tearne, Kate Jolly
Summary: Current physical activity guidelines focus on weekly accumulation of at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), but many people still do not regularly participate in physical activity. Snacktivity (TM) is a concept that encourages the public to be more physically active through small, frequent bursts of MVPA throughout the day. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the Snacktivity (TM) intervention and inform the design of a subsequent phase III randomized trial.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sharmin Shabnam, Sophia Abner, Clare L. Gillies, Melanie J. Davies, Terry Dex, Kamlesh Khunti, David R. Webb, Francesco Zaccardi, Samuel Seidu
Summary: The study found that delayed treatment intensification increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and complications in patients with suboptimal glycaemia, especially in those under the age of 65.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Angels Mollo, Bogdan Vlacho, Monica Gratacos, Manel Mata-Cases, Esther Rubinat, Anna Berenguera Osso, Francesc Xavier Cos, Josep Franch-Nadal, Kamlesh Khunti, Didac Mauricio
Summary: The INTEGRA study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a specially designed multicomponent health care intervention in improving glycaemic control in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients. The intervention group showed a significant reduction in HbA1c values compared to the usual care group at 12 months, and more patients in the intervention group achieved target blood glucose levels.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Yates, G. J. H. Biddle, J. Henson, C. L. Edwardson, F. Arsenyadis, L. M. Goff, D. Papamargaritis, D. R. Webb, K. Khunti, M. J. Davies
Summary: This study investigates the impact of weight cycling on fat mass and fat-free mass in a primary care population at high risk of type 2 diabetes, using 24-month weight change trajectories.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)