Article
Neurosciences
Alan Miranda, Daniele Bertoglio, Sigrid Stroobants, Steven Staelens, Jeroen Verhaeghe
Summary: The linear parametric neurotransmitter positron emission tomography (lp-ntPET) kinetic model can be used to detect transient changes (activation) in endogenous neurotransmitter levels. Preclinical PET scans in awake animals can be performed to investigate neurotransmitter transient changes. Here we use the spatiotemporal kernel reconstruction (Kernel) for noise reduction in dynamic PET, and lp-ntPET kinetic modeling.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Aleksi Kokkonen, Emma A. Honkanen, Daniel T. Corp, Juho Joutsa
Summary: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for various brain disorders, but its mechanisms of action and detailed molecular effects still need further investigation.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alan Miranda, Daniele Bertoglio, Sigrid Stroobants, Steven Staelens, Jeroen Verhaeghe
Summary: Anesthesia is a major limitation in translating preclinical brain PET scans to clinical settings, as it can affect the accuracy of tracer results. Despite advances in motion correction methods, wider adoption of this technique in brain research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ahmadreza Rezaei, Matthew Spangler-Bickell, Georg Schramm, Koen Van Laere, Johan Nuyts, Michel Defrise
Summary: A data-driven method for rigid motion estimation directly from TOF-PET emission data is proposed. The method provides accurate motion estimation using stable eigenvectors, especially for continuous patient motion.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Benjamin Haenisch, Justine Y. Hansen, Boris C. Bernhardt, Simon B. Eickhoff, Juergen Dukart, Bratislav Misic, Sofie Louise Valk
Summary: This study investigates the role of neurotransmitter transporter and receptor molecules in the structure-function relationships in the human brain. Using positron-emission tomography imaging studies of 19 different neurotransmitter transporters and receptors, the researchers discovered three main spatial gradients of chemoarchitectural similarity in the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. The findings show that the organization of the receptome shares similarities with functional and structural brain anatomy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fernando Arias-Valcayo, Pablo Galve, Jose Manuel Udias, Juan Jose Vaquero, Manuel Desco, Joaquin L. Herraiz
Summary: This study investigates the optimal conditions and motion compensation methods for preclinical PET studies using awake rats with attached point sources. Monte Carlo simulations and experimental validations are performed to determine the parameters for maximum detectability without compromising image quality.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hojun Choi, Myung-Yoon Kim, Dae-Hwan Kim, Hanoul Yun, Byung-Koo Oh, Su-Bin Kim, In-Ho Song, Hyun-Soo Park, Sang-Eun Kim, Cheolhyoung Park, Chulhee Choi
Summary: This study assessed the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic exosomes labeled with Zr-89 in mice and rats. The results showed that the exosomes were mainly distributed in the liver and spleen, with substantial uptake by parenchymal cells. They were also moderately distributed in the kidney, lung, stomach, intestine, urinary bladder, brain, and heart. Exosomes were rapidly cleared from circulation, indicating their rapid uptake by cells and tissues.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tasmia Rahman Tumpa, Shelley N. Acuff, Jens Gregor, Sanghyeb Lee, Dongming Hu, Dustin R. Osborne
Summary: A new TOF-PEPT algorithm is introduced in this paper for specific respiratory motion estimation in PET/CT imaging. Results show high correlation between motion signals derived from TOF-PEPT and Anzai band, outperforming COM methods. Gated imaging based on TOF-PEPT improves image quality, with higher max SUVs and sharper images observed in clinical studies compared to Anzai and COM methods.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Daniel C. Schroeder, Erik Popp, Cathrin Rohleder, Stefanie Vus, David de la Puente Bethencourt, Simon R. Finke, Boris D. Zlatopolskiy, Johannes Zischler, Alexander Drzezga, Holger Herff, Thorsten Annecke, Tim Hucho, Bernd Neumaier, Bernd W. Boettiger, Heike Endepols
Summary: Neuroinflammation mediated by TSPO-expressing cells persists long-term after sudden cardiac arrest, potentially impacting cognitive functions. PET imaging and immunohistochemistry confirmed significant accumulation of TSPO in brain regions such as the dorsal hippocampus and striatum.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cecilia Rapp, John Hamilton, Kaleigh Richer, Munawwar Sajjad, Rutao Yao, Panayotis K. Thanos
Summary: Alcohol misuse, particularly during adolescence, presents a serious health concern, as it is associated with negative effects on brain glucose metabolism (BGluM). This study utilized a binge drinking model in adolescent rats and found that all doses of ethanol led to decreased BGluM in multiple brain regions involved in sensory, motor, and cognitive processes. These findings highlight the detrimental effects of acute binge drinking on brain function and emphasize the need for further research on the long-term consequences and recovery after cessation of alcohol binge drinking.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chloe Laurencin, Sophie Lancelot, Florent Gobert, Jerome Redoute, Ines Merida, Thibault Iecker, Francois Liger, Zacharie Irace, Elise Greusard, Ludovic Lamberet, Didier Le Bars, Nicolas Costes, Benedicte Ballanger
Summary: This study demonstrated the high test-retest reproducibility of [C-11]yohimbine PET measurements in healthy humans, with the best fit obtained using the SRTMCC method. Significant regional changes in the brain were observed after clonidine administration, indicating the potential of [C-11]yohimbine PET in assessing alpha 2-ARs occupancy.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Manuele Musolino, Ian N. Fleming, Lutz F. Schweiger, David O'Hagan, Sergio Dall'Angelo, Matteo Zanda
Summary: The synthesis of five radiotracers with different oxyamine spacers between the hypoxia-reactive 2-nitroimidazole moiety and the 5-[F-18]-fluorodeoxyribose prosthetic group was reported. Among them, tracer 15 d displayed superior uptake kinetics and similar selectivity for hypoxic cells compared to standard hypoxia tracers. Lipophilicity and structural rigidity significantly influenced the selectivity of the tracers towards hypoxic cells.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Peng-Fei Zhang, Fan Gao
Summary: Neuroinflammation may play a role in the progression of Parkinson's disease, as evidenced by elevated TSPO levels in various brain regions of PD patients compared to healthy controls. The involvement of neuroinflammation in PD pathogenesis remains ambiguous, with contrasting outcomes depending on the ligand used in the study.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Taesik Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Hakhyun Kim, Wonguk Lee, Soochong Kim, Dong-In Jung, Mhan-Pyo Yang, Byeong-Teck Kang
Summary: A 15.5-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented with neurologic dysfunctions, showing improvement in symptoms following treatment with hydroxyurea and prednisolone, and a hypermetabolic region was found in the lesion on F-18-FDG-PET scan.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nisha K. Ramakrishnan, Matthew Hird, Stephen Thompson, David J. Williamson, Luxi Qiao, David R. Owen, Allen F. Brooks, Peter J. H. Scott, Sergio Bacallado, John T. O'Brien, Franklin Aigbirhio
Summary: This study evaluated the two enantiomers of [F-18]GE387, showing that (S)-[F-18]GE387 has favorable kinetics in healthy subjects and can distinguish inflamed brain regions in neuroinflammation models, while also demonstrating low sensitivity to TSPO polymorphism in human brain tissue.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Clive Baldock, Parminder S. Basran, Habib Zaidi
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Steven R. Meikle, Vesna Sossi, Emilie Roncali, Simon R. Cherry, Richard Banati, David Mankoff, Terry Jones, Michelle James, Julie Sutcliffe, Jinsong Ouyang, Yoann Petibon, Chao Ma, Georges El Fakhri, Suleman Surti, Joel S. Karp, Ramsey D. Badawi, Taiga Yamaya, Go Akamatsu, Georg Schramm, Ahmadreza Rezaei, Johan Nuyts, Roger Fulton, Andre Kyme, Cristina Lois, Hasan Sari, Julie Price, Ronald Boellaard, Robert Jeraj, Dale L. Bailey, Enid Eslick, Kathy P. Willowson, Joyita Dutta
Summary: PET technology has played a crucial role in research and clinical applications, particularly in oncology. Recent advancements such as PET/MR and total-body PET have opened up new possibilities for expanding PET applications and radiotracer development, highlighting the need for more sophisticated quantitative analysis methods.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
G. Angelis, O. K. Fuller, J. E. Gillam, S. R. Meikle
Summary: The quality of reconstructed dynamic PET images and the statistical reliability of pharmacokinetic parameters can be compromised by high levels of statistical noise. Various denoising strategies have been proposed to improve signal to noise ratio, but some may erase critical temporal features. An artificial neural network-based temporal denoising approach shows promising results in improving noise characteristics and estimation of activation response in dynamic PET studies.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yanan Fan, Gaelle Emvalomenos, Clara Grazian, Steven R. Meikle
Summary: PET-ABC is an intuitive and easy-to-use method for full Bayesian statistical inference from single subject dynamic PET data. It outperforms weighted non-linear least squares (WNLS) in terms of reliability of kinetic parameter estimation and statistical power for model selection. The method yields smaller variance in parameter estimates and provides confidence intervals for model parameters, demonstrating its effectiveness in both simulated and real data analysis.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
James Rijken, Cameron Jeffries, Clive Baldock
PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Emma Harris, Davide Fontanarosa, Clive Baldock
PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Lois Holloway, Eva Bezak, Clive Baldock
PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Letter
Engineering, Biomedical
Clive Baldock, Honglin Chen
PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
David Henry, Roger Fulton, Julian Maclaren, Murat Aksoy, Roland Bammer, Andre Kyme
Summary: Patient head motion during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can cause artifacts that affect diagnostic value. This study developed and tested an optical motion tracking system that uses in-bore stereo-optical cameras to track feature patches on the forehead instead of attached markers. The results demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of obtaining precise head motion data for prospective motion compensated MRI using this optimized feature-based motion tracking method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Qingpeng Ding, Jianghua Chen, Wanquan Yan, Kim Yan, Andre Kyme, Shing Shin Cheng
Summary: This article reports the design, modeling, and characterization of a high-performance shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator for real-time medical robotics application. The actuator improves actuation bandwidth through fast heating using nichrome wire and active cooling through forced air convection. It achieves high control accuracy and repeatability and can be conveniently integrated into a compact module for practical use. The actuator is capable of a stroke of 147.2 degrees and a stall torque of 172.5 Nmm, with an actuation bandwidth of 0.43 Hz.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zhuopin Sun, Georgios Angelis, Steven Meikle, Fernando Calamante
Summary: This article proposes a method that combines diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) to improve the accuracy of PET image reconstruction. The method incorporates connectivity information from dMRI into the iterative image reconstruction process, resulting in better noise reduction and lesion contrast improvement compared to traditional methods.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mahdieh Dashtbani Moghari, Amirhossein Sanaat, Noel Young, Krystal Moore, Habib Zaidi, Andrew Evans, Roger R. Fulton, Andre Z. Kyme
Summary: In this study, a new stochastic adversarial video prediction approach was used to reduce the acquisition time of cerebral CT perfusion (CTP) imaging while preserving the clinical content of the images, potentially reducing scan duration and radiation dose.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Wei-Ting J. Chen, William I. D. Rae, Peter L. Kench, Steven R. Meikle
Summary: Recently developed Long AFOV PET/CT scanners have shown capabilities of producing images with higher signal-to-noise ratio, faster whole-body acquisitions, and lower radiation dose to the patient compared to conventional scanners. These benefits are due to their significantly higher geometric efficiency, as described in recent literature. The introduction of Long AFOV PET/CT technology into clinics also has important implications for facility design, workflows, and radiation exposure management. This article reviews current knowledge on these factors, identifies research gaps, and discusses the challenges associated with introducing Long AFOV PET/CT into clinical settings.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RADIATION SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Wadha Alyami, Andre Kyme, Roger Bourne
Summary: Validating MRI techniques for tissue characterization and disease-related tissue alterations requires rigorous validation with ground truth information such as histology. Direct correlation methods between histology and MRI often fail due to spatial errors. Standard protocols for clinical tissue processing and histology-based pathology reporting can be modified to address some of these errors, without compromising the clinical process. This review summarizes the advantages and limitations of MRI validation techniques based on coregistration of MRI with whole-mount histology of tissue specimens.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)