Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Koji Mochida, Akira Mori
Summary: Newts and salamanders exhibit diverse antipredator behaviors in response to snakes, with tail displays being a key defense mechanism. The study found that newts displayed increased tail-wagging and tail-undulation in response to snake-specific predator stimuli, potentially redirecting the snake's attention away from vulnerable body parts. The variation in tail display tendencies among newt populations was also discussed.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Nitzan Trainin, Einat Shetreet
Summary: The ordering of adjectives is influenced by their semantic features such as subjectivity, which has been found to reliably predict adjective ordering across languages. However, variation in strength exists. This study suggests that cross-linguistic variation might be due to lexical factors, which operate differently in pre- and post-nominal languages. The study examined this hypothesis using a binary forced-choice task in Hebrew and found that subjectivity is a strong predictor for ordering preferences, but its effect interacts with lexical factors. These findings emphasize the importance of studying diverse languages to understand different linguistic phenomena.
LANGUAGE COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Claire A. Doll, Michael P. Burton, David J. Pannell, Curtis L. Rollins
Summary: With climate change, water-limited cities face difficulties in maintaining historic watering levels in urban parks, leading park managers to consider changes to park designs. Public preferences for different park designs in Perth, Australia were assessed using a choice experiment, revealing acceptance of both irrigated and non-irrigated alternatives. Incorporating at least 40% native vegetation groundcover can increase the utility derived from parks and conserve water, while park managers have flexibility in designing parks that still provide near-optimal benefits to communities.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sevasti Kontopoulou, Zoe Daniil, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, Ourania S. Kotsiou
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between obesity and the length of hospitalization, as well as the impact of pre-admission or post-hospitalization exercise on dyspnea and recovery time in COVID-19 patients. The results showed that obesity was not associated with hospitalization time, but pre-hospitalization exercise was associated with less post-hospitalization dyspnea and recovery time.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristen N. Finch, Adam D. Leache
Summary: Rarity, range restriction, and narrow endemism have significant conservation implications for imperilled species. The study shows that human-associated extinction risk factors can also impact widespread species. Comparing newts in the same region, the research highlights the importance of local-scale landscape genetics in understanding population connectivity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung, Vu Tri Duc, Vo Duc Ngoc, Tran Minh Dien, Le Tu Hoang, Tran Thi Thuy Ha, Pham Minh Khue, Ngo Xuan Truong, Nguyen Thi Nhat Thanh, Edward Jegasothy, Guy B. Marks, Geoffrey Morgan
Summary: The study in Vietnam found that PM2.5 concentrations in multiple provinces exceeded both WHO and proposed national standards. Hanoi City had the highest number of attributable deaths if WHO guidelines were met. Local authorities need to implement effective clean air action plans to reduce pollution and improve community health.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shupeng Zhu, Michael Mac Kinnon, Andre Paradise, Donald Dabdub, G. Scott Samuelsen
Summary: The proposed elevation of PM2.5 standards, as recommended by an independent review panel, can significantly improve public health and bring benefits valued at $42-$149 billion to society. Furthermore, the stronger standards are shown to promote environmental justice by allocating more health savings to disadvantaged communities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Economics
Philipp Weinschenk
Summary: This paper suggests that time-inconsistent preferences could be beneficial for decision makers who work together and may have positive effects on societies. Decision makers with time-inconsistent preferences may be better off if they are naive rather than sophisticated about their inconsistency. The results are independent of the design of contracts or punishment schemes.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joan Ureta, Marzieh Motallebi, Michael Vassalos, Mustapha Alhassan, J. Carl Ureta
Summary: This study estimated the monetary value of ecosystem services provided by wet detention ponds using stated-preference data from South Carolina residents. The findings indicate that residents are willing to pay higher fees for improvements in ponds' environmental benefits, providing valuable information for stormwater managers in designing management programs.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Michael C. Singer, Camille Parmesan
Summary: As species' poleward range limits expand under climate change, generalists are expected to expand their ranges faster than specialists. Through long-term studies, it has been found that colonization events can lead to an increase in diet breadth as a result of preference diversification among individuals, potentially caused by cryptic genetic variation or host shifts. Range expansions can lead to increases in population-level diet breadths and may drive specialization, influencing the persistence of populations at expanding range margins.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carlos Samuel Ramos-Meza, Rinat Zhanbayev, Hazrat Bilal, Mubbashra Sultan, Zehra Betul Pekergin, Hafiz Muhammad Arslan
Summary: This study finds that output volatility in Asia has a dynamic effect on CO2 emissions, with an increase in output volatility leading to higher CO2 emissions. Additionally, digitization has a positive impact on environmental quality in Asia, contributing to environmental sustainability through green globalization.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Adrianna Tompros, Andrew D. Dean, Andy Fenton, Mark Q. Wilber, Edward Davis Carter, Matthew J. Gray
Summary: The study found that the emerging amphibian fungal pathogen Bsal primarily transmits through pure frequency dependence in aquatic environments, with a high infection rate. The pathogen has the potential to drive eastern newt populations to extinction, indicating that managing host density may not be an effective strategy.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Zachary R. Stahlschmidt, Paul Chun, David Luc, Garrett Masuda, Allegra Rocha, Sonia Sandhu
Summary: The study found that artificial light at night and heat waves have a positive impact on insect reproduction, promoting mating success and increasing reproductive output.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yang Xie, Ying Wang, Yichi Zhang, Wenhong Fan, Zhaomin Dong, Peng Yin, Maigeng Zhou
Summary: In 2020, China developed guidelines for indoor PM2.5 for the first time, but the health implications are still unclear. A study estimated that there were 965 thousand premature deaths associated with PM2.5 in 2019, with 72.9% originating from outdoor sources. Using a scenario matrix, the study found that in 2035, if the guidelines mandate a yearly indoor PM2.5 concentration of 75 μg/m³ (instead of daily), the average premature deaths associated with ambient PM2.5 will be 1018-1361 thousand, compared to 816-1304 thousand for a better-case scenario of 35 μg/m³. Stricter guidelines are recommended to mitigate the mortality risk in the future.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geography
C. Y. Jim, Ling Chui Hui
Summary: This study investigated the perceived benefits and preference for landscape elements of green roofs among 477 Hong Kong residents. The findings revealed high expectations for benefits related to recreation, health, air quality, and microclimate, but inadequate recognition of ecological and hydrological benefits. Respondents strongly preferred recreational hardware facilities and soft landscape features, while tree planting was the least desired. Six clusters of respondents with different preferences were identified.
Article
Ecology
Lumir Gvozdik
Article
Biology
Senka Baskiera, Lumir Gvozdik
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biology
Jakub Zak, Martin Reichard, Lumir Gvozdik
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiri Hubacek, Monika Sugerkova, Lumir Gvozdik
Article
Ecology
Barbora Winterova, Lumir Gvozdik
Summary: The study demonstrates significant variability in seasonal acclimation responses among individuals of two newt species, with poor short- and long-term repeatability in the effects of fluctuating temperatures on metabolic rate and locomotor activity. This suggests limitations in the adaptive evolution of plastic responses.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Lumir Gvozdik, David S. Boukal
Summary: Predation is a key ecological interaction affected by climate warming, with modifications in predator-prey dynamics observed due to predator-induced plasticity of prey locomotor activity. However, this effect has minor influence on the joint predator-prey behavioural response. The study suggests that within-population variation in prey locomotor activity can buffer the impact of body temperature and predation risk cues on predator-prey interactions.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Senka Baskiera, Lumir Gvozdik
Summary: Through studying the repeatability and heritability of resting metabolic rate (RMR) in alpine newts, it was found that individual RMR is repeatable over different time periods, but there is no resemblance between parent and offspring RMR, instead showing similarity among offspring within families. The inconclusive narrow-sense heritability suggests the contribution of non-additive genetic factors to total phenotypic variance in this trait.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Senka Baskiera, Lumir Gvozdik
Summary: Research found that juvenile amphibians of two species exhibited different tonic immobility responses to temperature variation, suggesting that a warming climate may adversely affect population dynamics of sympatric ectotherms.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Martin Hluben, Lukas Kratochvil, Lumir Gvozdik, Zuzana Starostova
Summary: Research on eyelid geckos showed that body size influences metabolic rate, body surface, and scale morphology, complicating the analysis of adaptive changes in total evaporative water loss (TEWL). Evolutionary shifts in TEWL were strongly correlated with habitat aridity, suggesting a crucial role of skin permeability in adaptation. Comparing intra- and interspecific scaling can help detect body size-dependent mechanisms of adaptive changes in ecophysiological traits.
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Senka Baskiera, Lumir Gvozdik
Summary: Ectothermic organisms respond to environmental change through behavioral and physiological adjustments. This study examined the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and exploratory locomotor activity (ELA) in juvenile Alpine newts and found that individual variation in ELA was detected at 12 degrees C, while RMR was repeatable at 22 degrees C. No link between RMR and ELA was found at either temperature. The study highlights the importance of repeated measurement at different temperatures in understanding ectotherm responses to environmental change.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Lumir Gvozdik
Summary: This study investigated the effects of behavioral thermoregulation and competition on the life history traits of two amphibian species. The results showed that thermoregulatory opportunity accelerated differentiation rate and time to metamorphic emergence, while competition affected growth rate and mass at emergence. The combined effects of thermoregulation opportunity and competition impacted the life history traits of the larvae.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Radovan Smolinsky, Zuzana Hiadlovska, Stepan Marsala, Pavel Skrabanek, Michal Skrobanek, Natalia Martinkova
Summary: The study found that male and female sand lizards have similar predation risk and escape rate, but females face greater predation pressure during the breeding season, leading to lower survival rates and fewer tail autotomy events.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Zoology
S. Sau, R. Smolinsky, N. Martinkova
Summary: The color and color pattern of a species vary geographically, contributing to the species' tolerance to the changing climate. Factors influencing the frequencies of color morphs in populations affect spatial variation and are linked to large-scale environmental gradients. This study examines the distribution of sand lizard color morphs in the Palearctic and finds that it is primarily influenced by temperature seasonality, precipitation, elevation, and anthropogenic activities. The findings suggest that environmental selection acts in conjunction with sexual selection to shape color morph distribution.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Senka Baskiera, Lumir Gvozdik
JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Barbora Winterova, Lumir Gvozdik
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2018)