Article
Cell Biology
Daniela Londono-Vasquez, Katherine Rodriguez-Lukey, Susanta K. Behura, Ahmed Z. Balboula
Summary: Through studying mouse oocytes, researchers discovered a subset of microtubule organizing centers called mcMTOCs that regulate the positioning of the spindle and faithful chromosome segregation during meiosis I. They found that mcMTOCs work in conjunction with F-actin to balance the forces exerted on the spindle and ensure its central anchoring and timely migration.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benoit Dehapiot, Raphael Clement, Anne Bourdais, Virginie Carriere, Sebastien Huet, Guillaume Halet
Summary: The rotation of the spindle in mammalian oocyte meiotic divisions results from the interaction of inward contraction of the cytokinesis furrow and outward attraction exerted on both sets of chromatids by a polarization of the actomyosin cortex. This configuration becomes unstable as the ingression progresses, leading to spontaneous symmetry breaking, indicating that the rotation direction and the set of chromatids that eventually gets discarded are not biologically predetermined.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gleb Simanov, Irene Dang, Artem I. Fokin, Ksenia Oguievetskaia, Valerie Campanacci, Jacqueline Cherfils, Alexis M. Gautreau
Summary: In the process of cell migration, Arpin interacts with Tankyrase 1 and 2 (TNKS) and Arp2/3 to regulate migration persistence through two independent pathways. The mutation affecting interactions with both TNKS and Arp2/3 renders Arpin completely inactive, suggesting the importance of these interactions in controlling migration persistence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feifei Shi, Xizeng Feng
Summary: In this study, it was found that DBDPE exposure did not affect the first polar body extrusion of oocytes in mice. However, exposure to DBDPE impaired the asymmetric division of oocytes, resulting in larger polar bodies. This was due to the inhibition of spindle migration and membrane protrusion in oocytes during anaphase I, as well as the suppression of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 inactivation.
Article
Oncology
Guillaume Hatte, Claude Prigent, Jean-Pierre Tassan
Summary: Our study examined the formation and activation of the contractile ring in the epithelium of Xenopus embryos and explored the involvement of adherens junctions in this process. We found that proteins related to contractile ring formation and activation accumulate in a polarized manner, starting at the apical cell-cell contacts and spreading towards the basal side within seconds. Additionally, we discovered that adherens junctions play a role in the kinetics of contractile ring formation from the beginning of cytokinesis.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Di Wu
Summary: The germinal vesicle (GV) stage is a critical transition point in mammalian oocyte development that determines oocyte quality through active RNA degradation and transcriptome reprofiling. Oocyte RNA-seq has revealed differences between non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN) and surrounded nucleolus (SN) phases. Single oocyte RNA-seq (soRNA-seq) shows higher reproducibility and a better illustration of gene changes during oocyte development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Pei Zhang, Jiwei Chen, Xiangchuan Wang, Yingchao Geng, Liangyu Sun, Hongjie Zhang
Summary: Organ morphogenesis requires coordination of cellular events, including cell division, shape change, rearrangement, and death. However, the regulatory mechanism of cytokinesis in organ size and shape remains unclear. This study demonstrates that the centralspindlin complex regulates cytokinesis and epithelial morphogenesis, affecting cell division and causing malformation in Caenorhabditis elegans spermatheca. Analysis shows that CYK-4 regulates cytokinesis of spermathecal cells in a GTPase activator activity-independent manner. Furthermore, the centralspindlin components CYK-4 and ZEN-4, along with RHO-1 and CDC-42, play crucial roles in a signaling network that guides spermathecal morphogenesis by enabling completion of cytokinesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana Osswald, Andre Barros-Carvalho, Ana M. Carmo, Nicolas Loyer, Patricia C. Gracio, Claudio E. Sunkel, Catarina C. F. Homem, Jens Januschke, Eurico Morais-de-Sa
Summary: Research reveals that aPKC protein in Drosophila plays a crucial role in maintaining epithelial structure, and its dysregulation leads to the formation of epithelial gaps, which are caused by increased epithelial constriction rather than the loss of apical-basal polarity. By manipulating constriction, the incidence of epithelial gaps can be modulated. The study also traces the origin of large epithelial gaps to tissue rupture next to dividing cells. Excessive tissue stress can break the epithelial barrier during proliferation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengxiang Zhao, Hongbo Han, Xiang Wu, Jian Wu, Zhuqing Ren
Summary: This study identified the molecular mechanisms underlying LD motility in cancer cells and revealed the impact of ARP2/3 on the prognosis of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Celine Bruelle, Mathieu Pinot, Emeline Daniel, Marion Daude, Juliette Mathieu, Roland Le Borgne
Summary: By studying the cell division process of Drosophila sensory organ precursors, it was found that the Shrub protein plays a role in coordinating the remodeling of cell-cell connections and cell separation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanan Wang, Giovanni Chiappetta, Raphael Guerois, Yijun Liu, Stephane Romero, Daniel J. Boesch, Matthias Krause, Claire A. Dessalles, Avin Babataheri, Abdul I. Barakat, Baoyu Chen, Joelle Vinh, Anna Polesskaya, Alexis M. Gautreau
Summary: The RAC1-WAVE-Arp2/3 signaling pathway generates branched actin networks that power lamellipodium protrusion of migrating cells. PPP2R1A is a protein that associates with the WAVE complex subunit ABI1 when RAC1 is activated and branched actin generation is blocked. PPP2R1A interacts with the WAVE Shell Complex at the lamellipodial edge and is required for migration persistence and RAC1-dependent actin polymerization. Mutations in PPP2R1A impair WAVE Shell Complex binding and migration regulation, suggesting its essential role in cell migration.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yanqun Li, Jianhui Yue, Yuan Liu, Jun Wu, Min Guan, Di Chen, Haobo Pan, Xiaoli Zhao, William W. Lu
Summary: The study revealed that strontium promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and balances stemness maintenance and osteogenic differentiation through asymmetric cell division. Strontium activates noncanonical Wnt signaling to regulate cell division and enhance osteogenic differentiation.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Emmanuel Martin, Magali Suzanne
Summary: This review discusses the role of the actin nucleation complex Arp2/3 in epithelial tissue, including its influence on cell-cell cooperation and tissue morphogenesis. It plays a significant role in regulating cell-cell adhesion, intracellular trafficking, and protrusion formation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Meghini, Torcato Martins, Qian Zhang, Nicolas Loyer, Michelle Trickey, Yusanjiang Abula, Hiroyuki Yamano, Jens Januschke, Yuu Kimata
Summary: A functional centrosome is crucial for animal development and physiology. In addition to regulating centriole duplication, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis plays a vital role in controlling the precise regulation of centrosome. The research conducted on Drosophila demonstrates that APC/C-Fzr controls the levels of Spd2 to affect neural stem cell-specific asymmetric PCM recruitment and microtubule nucleation at interphase centrosomes. Furthermore, APC/C-Fzr-dependent Spd2 degradation facilitates the accumulation of Polo-dependent Spd2 phosphorylation for PCM recruitment.
Article
Cell Biology
Hao Qin, Yi Qu, Yi-Feng Yuan, Yang-Yang Li, Jie Qiao
Summary: This study revealed that RBM14 is down-regulated in oocytes from old mice and shows overlapped localization patterns with alpha-tubulin in different stages of meiosis. Knockdown of RBM14 may result in symmetric division of oocytes, spindle defects, and chromosome abnormalities. Additionally, RBM14 interacts with endogenous alpha-tubulin and modulates oocyte meiotic maturation by affecting alpha-tubulin acetylation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
