Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tingting Li, Junyu Chen, Qingbing Zheng, Wenhui Xue, Limin Zhang, Rui Rong, Sibo Zhang, Qian Wang, Minqing Hong, Yuyun Zhang, Lingyan Cui, Maozhou He, Zhen Lu, Zhenyong Zhang, Xin Chi, Jinjin Li, Yang Huang, Hong Wang, Jixian Tang, Dong Ying, Lizhi Zhou, Yingbin Wang, Hai Yu, Jun Zhang, Ying Gu, Yixin Chen, Shaowei Li, Ningshao Xia
Summary: Influenza A viruses are a significant global threat, and this study has identified a chimeric monoclonal antibody, C12H5, that offers broad neutralization against H1N1 and H5N1 viruses. The antibody targets a specific epitope on the surface glycoprotein of the virus, leading to control of virus entry and egress. This discovery could have implications for the development of antiviral drugs and broad-protection vaccines against influenza.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Varsha Potdar, Megha Brijwal, Rakesh Lodha, Pragya Yadav, Santosh Jadhav, Manohar Lal Choudhary, Aashish Choudhary, Veena Vipat, Nivedita Gupta, Ashok Kumar Deorari, Lalit Dar, Priya Abraham
Summary: An 11-year-old boy with acute myeloid leukemia in New Delhi, India, was treated for severe acute respiratory infection caused by avian influenza A(H5N1). The strain belonged to hemagglutinin gene clade 2.3.2.1a and was found to be susceptible to amantadine and neuraminidase inhibitors.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jiao Hu, Peipei Peng, Jun Li, Qi Zhang, Rumeng Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: The bivalent H5+H7 VLP vaccine candidate shows promising results in protecting poultry against highly pathogenic H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses, and may serve as a critical alternative to traditional egg-based inactivated vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Leguia, Alejandra Garcia-Glaessner, Breno Munoz-Saavedra, Diana Juarez, Patricia Barrera, Carlos Calvo-Mac, Javier Jara, Walter Silva, Karl Ploog, Lady Amaro, Paulo Colchao-Claux, Christine K. Johnson, Marcela M. Uhart, Martha I. Nelson, Jesus Lescano
Summary: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 viruses have invaded the Americas and pose a threat to wildlife, poultry, and humans. The HPAI/H5N1 viruses in Peru have genetic reassortment between Eurasian and American lineages, emphasizing the need for surveillance and control measures.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wendy Puryear, Kaitlin Sawatzki, Nichola Hill, Alexa Foss, Jonathon J. Stone, Lynda Doughty, Dominique Walk, Katie Gilbert, Maureen Murray, Elena Cox, Priya Patel, Zak Mertz, Stephanie Ellis, Jennifer Taylor, Deborah Fauquier, Ainsley Smith, Robert A. DiGiovanni Jr, Adriana van de Guchte, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Zain Khalil, Harm van Bakel, Mia K. Torchetti, Kristina Lantz, Julianna B. Lenoch, Jonathan Runstadler
Summary: We report the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in marine mammals in the northeastern United States, which is concurrent with the presence of H5N1 in wild birds in the same area. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring both wild coastal birds and marine mammals in assessing the potential for an influenza A virus pandemic.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Nutan Mytle, Sonja Leyrer, Jon R. Inglefield, Andrea M. Harris, Thomas E. Hickey, Jacob Minang, Hang Lu, Zhidong Ma, Hanne Andersen, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Tina Guina, Mario H. Skiadopoulos, Michael J. Lacy
Summary: Research demonstrates that utilizing combinations of conserved antigens of influenza A virus, such as NP and various forms of M2e, can generate broad immune protection in mice, reducing lung viral burden and weight loss.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Asya Levina, Marina Repkova, Nadezhda Shikina, Zinfer Ismagilov, Maxim Kupryushkin, Anna Pavlova, Natalia Mazurkova, Dmitrii Pyshnyi, Valentina Zarytova
Summary: This study demonstrates the effective attack of oligonucleotides on the viral genome of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A virus in mice using TiO2 nanoparticles and oligonucleotide nanocomposites. The nanocomposites showed high survival rates and significant reduction in virus titers, suggesting targeted oligonucleotides delivered by the system can interact with complementary RNAs specifically. The proposed oligonucleotide delivery system not only effectively inhibits IAV genes but also has the potential to target genes responsible for diseases caused by nucleic acids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ariful Islam, Tasnim Ara, Emama Amin, Shariful Islam, Md. Abu Sayeed, Tahmina Shirin, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Marcel Klaassen, Jonathan H. Epstein
Summary: Understanding the characteristics, dynamics, and evolution of H5N1 outbreaks in Bangladesh is crucial for the prevention and control of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI). Our study revealed nine waves of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks between 2007 and 2020, with peak incidences during the winter season. Despite vaccination efforts, the virus continued to circulate in Bangladesh, with significant clustering and hotspots of H5N1 outbreaks in and around Dhaka district. Four H5N1 clades have been detected, with clade 2.3.2.1a persisting since 2011 and reassortment occurring in 2012. Our findings emphasize the importance of spatiotemporal analysis and phylodynamics in developing targeted control measures.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Mengkai Cai, Ping Gan, Xiaokun Hu, Zhanzhuo Mai, Chihai Ji, Heyou Yi, Meidi Li, Shaofang Li, Yikuan Ji, Junmei Huang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study developed a vaccine using virus-like particles (VLPs) that can protect against both EA H1N1 and human-like H3N2 infections. The vaccine induced strong immune responses in mice and provided partial or complete protection against different subtypes of the virus.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalie Moyen, Md. Ahasanul Hoque, Rashed Mahmud, Mahmudul Hasan, Sudipta Sarkar, Paritosh Kumar Biswas, Hossain Mehedi, Joerg Henning, Punam Mangtani, Meerjady Sabrina Flora, Mahmudur Rahman, Nitish C. Debnath, Mohammad Giasuddin, Tony Barnett, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Guillaume Fournie
Summary: Live animal markets are known hotspots for zoonotic disease emergence, and trading networks play a crucial role in disease spread dynamics. In Bangladesh, live poultry trading networks promote viral strain co-circulation, with upstream transmission nodes significantly impacting viral prevalence in markets. Disease control interventions should target network structures, tailored to local characteristics for effectiveness.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sara H. Mahmoud, Ahmed A. Khalil, Noura M. Abo Shama, Marwa F. El Sayed, Reem A. Soliman, Naglaa M. Hagag, Nahed Yehia, Mahmoud M. Naguib, Abdel-Sattar Arafa, Mohamed A. Ali, Mounir M. El-Safty, Ahmed Mostafa
Summary: Controlling avian influenza viruses (AIVs) is mainly done through culling infected bird flocks or using inactivated vaccines. New avian influenza virus subtypes have been reported in Egypt, calling for an updated vaccine. In this study, three H5Nx vaccines were generated using reverse genetic system, and their immunogenicity and cross-reactivity were assessed. The results showed that rgH5N1_2.3.4.4 vaccine induced high immunogenicity and provided efficient protection against different H5Nx HPAIVs.
Article
Immunology
Anna Parys, Elien Vandoorn, Jacqueline King, Annika Graaf, Anne Pohlmann, Martin Beer, Timm Harder, Kristien Van Reeth
Summary: A pig farmer in the Netherlands was infected with a Eurasian avian-like swine influenza A(H1N1) virus that was also found in the farmed pigs. Antigenic and genetic characterization of both viruses was conducted. Continued surveillance of swine influenza A viruses is necessary for assessing risks in humans and pigs.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Pengxiang Chang, Deimante Lukosaityte, Joshua E. Sealy, Pramila Rijal, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Sushant Bhat, Sylvia Crossley, Rebecca Daines, Kuan-Yin A. Huang, Alain R. Townsend, Munir Iqbal
Summary: H7N9 avian influenza virus continues to pose a credible threat to humans and antiviral-resistant mutants have emerged. Four monoclonal antibodies derived from naturally infected individuals showed that L4A-14 has potential as a therapeutic candidate for H7N9 infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivier Duriez, Yohan Sassi, Chloe Le Gall-Ladeveze, Lea Giraud, Robert Straughan, Lise Dauverne, Anna Terras, Thierry Boulinier, Remi Choquet, Anne van de Wiele, Julien Hirschinger, Jean-Luc Guerin, Guillaume Le Loc'h
Summary: A study found that terrestrial birds infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus exhibit immobility behavior during the breeding season, which may reduce the risk of virus transmission. However, these infections pose a threat to endangered vulture species, raising concerns about their resistance to the virus.
Article
Biology
Nahed Yehia, Mohammed A. AbdelSabour, Ahmed M. Erfan, Zeinab Mohammed Ali, Reem A. Soliman, Ahmed Samy, Mohamed Mohamed Soliman, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Kawkab A. Ahmed
Summary: Proper vaccination of chickens against avian influenza viruses can significantly reduce the risk of human infection. This study aimed to enhance chicken immunity against HPAI-H5N1 by combining inactivated HPAI-H5N1 with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The results showed that both dietary supplementation of SeNPs and administration of SeNPs with the vaccine significantly increased chicken immune response, reduced viral shedding and inflammation after viral challenge. The findings suggest that SeNPs supplementation can enhance vaccine efficacy, reduce virus transmission, and improve cellular immunity and inflammation response.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Joanne Sobeck, Joanne Smith-Darden, Megan Hicks, Poco Kernsmith, Paul E. Kilgore, Lara Treemore-Spears, Shawn McElmurry
BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Marcus Zervos, Samia Arshad, Paul Kilgore, Zohra S. Chaudhry, Gordon Jacobsen, Dee Dee Wang, Kylie Huitsing, Indira Brar, George J. Alangaden, Mayur S. Ramesh, John E. McKinnon, William O'Neill
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lindsey R. Baden, Hana M. El Sahly, Brandon Essink, Karen Kotloff, Sharon Frey, Rick Novak, David Diemert, Stephen A. Spector, Nadine Rouphael, C. Buddy Creech, John McGettigan, Shishir Khetan, Nathan Segall, Joel Solis, Adam Brosz, Carlos Fierro, Howard Schwartz, Kathleen Neuzil, Larry Corey, Peter Gilbert, Holly Janes, Dean Follmann, Mary Marovich, John Mascola, Laura Polakowski, Julie Ledgerwood, Barney S. Graham, Hamilton Bennett, Rolando Pajon, Conor Knightly, Brett Leav, Weiping Deng, Honghong Zhou, Shu Han, Melanie Ivarsson, Jacqueline Miller, Tal Zaks
Summary: The mRNA-1273 vaccine demonstrated 94.1% efficacy in preventing Covid-19 illness, including severe cases. Mild, transient local reactions were the only adverse effects, with low incidence of systemic reactions such as fever, headache, and fatigue.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mentor Ali Ber Lucien, Michael F. Canarie, Paul E. Kilgore, Gladzdin Jean-Denis, Natael Fenelon, Manise Pierre, Mauricio Cerpa, Gerard A. Joseph, Gina Maki, Marcus J. Zervos, Patrick Dely, Jacques Boncy, Hatim Sati, Ana del Rio, Pilar Ramon-Pardo
Summary: The global spread of COVID-19 has led to increased antibiotic consumption, raising concerns about bacterial superinfections. Identification of bacterial pathogens is challenging in low and middle income countries, highlighting the need for improved antimicrobial stewardship programs and infection prevention and control measures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiwon Lee, Youngbae Yoon, Eun Jin Kim, Donghyun Lee, Yeongjun Baek, Chika Takano, Bin Chang, Takahiro Iijima, Paul E. Kilgore, Satoshi Hayakawa, Tomonori Hoshino, Dong Wook Kim, Mitsuko Seki
Summary: Advancements have been made in pneumococcal serotype detection technology for vaccine-preventable pneumonia research. Researchers have developed a rapid, simple, and cost-effective PPSV23 serotype detection assay using the LAMP method. Evaluation through surveillance and vaccine efficacy studies is necessary for further validation of this assay.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jerald Sadoff, Glenda Gray, An Vandebosch, Vicky Cardenas, Georgi Shukarev, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Paul A. Goepfert, Carla Truyers, Hein Fennema, Bart Spiessens, Kim Offergeld, Gert Scheper, Kimberly L. Taylor, Merlin L. Robb, John Treanor, Dan H. Barouch, Jeffrey Stoddard, Martin F. Ryser, Mary A. Marovich, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Lawrence Corey, Nancy Cauwenberghs, Tamzin Tanner, Karin Hardt, Javier Ruiz-Guinazu, Mathieu Le Gars, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Johan Van Hoof, Frank Struyf, Macaya Douoguih
Summary: The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine, a replication-incompetent adenovirus vector, showed efficacy rates of 66% to 85% against Covid-19, and 64% to 82% against the South African variant. It demonstrated a good safety profile and was effective in protecting against severe-critical Covid-19.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ying Chen, Yu-Liang Zhao, Zhi-Yong Hao, Xin-Jiang Zhang, Jing-Chen Ma, Zhi-Yong Zhang, Yan-Hong Zhang, Gan Zhao, Chao Qiu, Paul E. Kilgore, Song-Mei Wang, Xuan-Yi Wang
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
H. M. El Sahly, L. R. Baden, B. Essink, S. Doblecki-Lewis, J. M. Martin, E. J. Anderson, T. B. Campbell, J. Clark, L. A. Jackson, C. J. Fichtenbaum, M. Zervos, B. Rankin, F. Eder, G. Feldman, C. Kennelly, L. Han-Conrad, M. Levin, K. M. Neuzil, L. Corey, P. Gilbert, H. Janes, D. Follmann, M. Marovich, L. Polakowski, J. R. Mascola, J. E. Ledgerwood, B. S. Graham, A. August, H. Clouting, W. Deng, S. Han, B. Leav, D. Manzo, R. Pajon, F. Schodel, J. E. Tomassini, H. Zhou, J. Miller
Summary: The mRNA-1273 vaccine demonstrated high efficacy in preventing COVID-19 illness and severe disease, with more than 5 months of protection and a good safety profile, including protection against asymptomatic infection.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
J. Sadoff, G. Gray, A. Vandebosch, V Cardenas, G. Shukarev, B. Grinsztejn, P. A. Goepfert, C. Truyers, I Van Dromme, B. Spiessens, J. Vingerhoets, J. Custers, G. Scheper, M. L. Robb, J. Treanor, M. F. Ryser, D. H. Barouch, E. Swan, M. A. Marovic, K. M. Neuzil, L. Corey, J. Stoddar, K. Hard, J. Ruiz-Guinazu, M. Le Gars, H. Schuitemaker, J. Van Hoof, F. Stru, M. Douoguih
Summary: The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine was found to be 52.9% effective against moderate to severe-critical Covid-19 after a single dose, with protection lasting for at least 6 months. Efficacy varied depending on the Covid-19 variant, but higher protection was observed against severe cases, medical intervention, and death compared to other outcomes.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter B. Gilbert, David C. Montefiori, Adrian McDermott, Youyi Fong, David Benkeser, Weiping Deng, Honghong Zhou, Christopher R. Houchens, Karen Martins, Lakshmi Jayashankar, Flora Castellino, Britta Flach, Bob C. Lin, Sarah O'Connell, Charlene McDanal, Amanda Eaton, Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Yiwen Lu, Chenchen Yu, Bhavesh Borate, Lars W. P. van der Laan, Nima Hejazi, Chuong Huynh, Jacqueline Miller, Hana M. El Sahly, Lindsey R. Baden, Mira Baron, Luis De la Cruz, Cynthia Gay, Spyros Kalams, Colleen F. Kelley, Michele P. Andrasik, James G. Kublin, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Lindsay N. Carpp, Rolando Pajon, Dean Follmann, Ruben O. Donis, Richard A. Koup
Summary: In the COVE phase 3 clinical trial, neutralizing and binding antibodies were measured in vaccine recipients to determine their correlation with COVID-19 risk and vaccine efficacy. The results showed that these immune markers were inversely associated with COVID-19 risk and directly associated with vaccine efficacy. Postvaccination neutralization titers of 10, 100, and 1000 correlated with estimated vaccine efficacies of 78%, 91%, and 96% respectively.
Article
Infectious Diseases
John E. McKinnon, Dee Dee Wang, Marcus Zervos, Matt Saval, Laurie Marshall-Nightengale, Paul Kilgore, Pardeep Pabla, Ed Szandzik, Kathleen Maksimowicz-McKinnon, William W. O'Neill
Summary: This study demonstrated the safety of using HCQ for chemoprophylaxis against COVID-19 in high-risk populations through a randomized placebo-controlled trial, with no hospitalizations or interventions required for participants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takahiro Iijima, Shinnosuke Ando, Dai Kanamori, Kazumichi Kuroda, Tsutomu Nomura, Laurence Tisi, Paul E. Kilgore, Neil Percy, Hikaru Kohase, Satoshi Hayakawa, Mitsuko Seki, Tomonori Hoshino
Summary: This study describes a new detection method combining reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and bioluminescent assay in real-time (BART), which can detect the new coronavirus and its variants rapidly and accurately. The method has high specificity and is faster than the conventional real-time RT-PCR method. Additionally, it can correctly identify spike protein mutations.
Correction
Microbiology
Chika Takano, Mitsuko Seki, Dong Wook Kim, Paul E. Kilgore, Kazumasa Fuwa, Koji Takahashi, Toshiaki Inazaki, Satoshi Hayakawa
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Iijima, Jun Sakai, Dai Kanamori, Shinnosuke Ando, Tsutomu Nomura, Laurence Tisi, Paul E. Kilgore, Neil Percy, Hikaru Kohase, Satoshi Hayakawa, Shigefumi Maesaki, Tomonori Hoshino, Mitsuko Seki
Summary: The study developed a method called RT-LAMP-BART to detect the mutations N501Y and Q493R/Q498R in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Compared to conventional real-time RT-PCR, the RT-LAMP-BART assay was more specific and sensitive, able to detect lower copies of the target genes in a shorter time. This new assay has the potential to aid in the identification of concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Communication
Joanne Sobeck, Joanne Smith-Darden, Danielle Gartner, Linda Kaljee, Barbara Pieper, Paul Kilgore, Marcos Zervos
Summary: Antibiotic use and misuse remain a worldwide concern, with concerns about antimicrobial resistance, lack of new antibiotics, and rising healthcare costs. This study compared two theoretical models (health belief and patient-centered communication) to determine which best represented pathways associated with antibiotic use, finding that a patient-provider communication model fit the data better. Participants had mixed knowledge about antibiotics, with many knowing correct general facts but a significant portion believing antibiotics cure colds and flu or are good for treating viral infections.
HEALTH COMMUNICATION
(2022)