Review
Immunology
Kehinde Adebayo Babatunde, Oluwadamilola Fatimat Adenuga
Summary: Neutrophils play an important role in malaria, both in the defense against the malaria parasite and in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, malaria parasites inhibit the antimicrobial function of neutrophils, which may make malaria patients more susceptible to bacterial infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Marlies Burgelman, Charysse Vandendriessche, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
Summary: Current studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the blood are altered in sepsis patients, impacting inflammation, coagulation, organ function, and potentially clinical outcomes. The exact functions of EVs during sepsis pathology, however, remain not completely understood.
Review
Oncology
Lu Zhang, Junyu Xiang, Fang Zhang, Limei Liu, Chongling Hu
Summary: This review discusses the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cancer immunotherapy and their immunomodulatory mechanisms in cancers, which are the primary factors influencing the different outcomes of MSCs therapies for tumors.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Aleksandra Lj Mitrovic, Jasna Simonovic Radosavljevic, Milos Prokopijevic, Dragica Spasojevic, Jovana Kovacevic, Olivera Prodanovic, Bratislav Todorovic, Branko Matovic, Mira Stankovic, Vuk Maksimovic, Dragosav Mutavdzic, Milos Skocic, Mirjana Pesic, Ljiljana Prokic, Ksenija Radotic
Summary: The study revealed that both UV-B and UV-C radiation can induce multiple modifications in the structure of plant cell walls, including changes in relative content and chemical composition. These alterations in the cell walls help plants maintain physiological functions and are correlated with specific phenolic compounds.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Shu Zhao, Shiyang Sheng, Yi Wang, Lu Ding, Xiaonan Xu, Xiaohuan Xia, Jialin C. Zheng
Summary: Recent studies have shown that astrocytes release extracellular vesicles (AEVs) to communicate with other brain cells, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurobiological diseases. AEVs have both detrimental and beneficial effects, contributing to disease progression and neuroprotection/neuroregeneration. They hold potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for neurological disorders.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Yi Lai, Bowei Jiang, Fangpeng Hou, Xinhong Huang, Baodian Ling, Hongfei Lu, Tianyu Zhong, Junyun Huang
Summary: Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms that can invade the human body, causing tissue damage and diseases. Fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a dual role in cellular communication and pathogen-host interactions, acting as mediators and delivering virulence factors. They can also stimulate adaptive immune responses and potentially be used as drug carriers and in vaccine development. Understanding EVs' role in fungi provides theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Xiaohuan Xia, Ping Yuan, Yihan Liu, Yi Wang, Weijun Cao, Jialin C. Zheng
Summary: The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 originated from Wuhan, China, has become a global pandemic. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play key roles in the pathogenesis and treatment of COVID-19, facilitating viral spreading and potential therapeutic interventions.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peipei Cheng, Xinting Wang, Qian Liu, Tao Yang, Huiyan Qu, Hua Zhou
Summary: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe ischemic disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Maladaptive cardiac remodeling, characterized by abnormalities in cardiac structure and function, occurs following myocardial infarction (MI). Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by eukaryotic cells, play a significant role in post-infarction cardiac remodeling, serving as mediators of intercellular communication.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Rosini, Loredano Pollegioni
Summary: Oxidases, specifically FAD-containing enzymes such as glucose oxidase, have shown promise in cancer therapy by producing reactive oxygen species in tumors and potentially modulating cytotoxic compound production. Advances in nanotechnologies and protein engineering have improved tumor specificity, making oxidase-based ROS production a mature and applicable approach in clinical settings.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neil Patel, Deborah D. Chin, Eun Ji Chung
Summary: Cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis is a major global health concern. Exosomes secreted by various cell types play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis and have both atherogenic and atheroprotective functions. Enhancing the therapeutic potential of atheroprotective exosomes through drug loading and surface modification is a promising approach, but current challenges exist in exosome engineering for therapeutic applications.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Zepeng Zhu, Si Sun, Tiancheng Jiang, Lei Zhang, Ming Chen, Shuqiu Chen
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicular bodies detached from the cell membrane or secreted by cells, with a double-layered membrane structure. EVs secreted by platelets account for the main part in the blood circulation, and they regulate various types of cells. However, there are still limited studies on the role of PEVs. This overview focuses on isolation methods and the functions of PEVs in tissues, such as tissue repair and tissue damage mediation, providing a basis for further research on the role of PEVs in other fields.
Review
Oncology
Shinya Toyokuni, Yingyi Kong, Hao Zheng, Danyang Mi, Misako Katabuchi, Yashiro Motooka, Fumiya Ito
Summary: Excess iron is a risk factor for cancer due to its role in producing harmful radicals and promoting cellular evolution. The iron storage protein ferritin is regulated by the IRP/IRE system and can be secreted as extracellular vesicles under the guidance of NCOA4. Excess iron can be shared among cells via extracellular vesicles containing iron-loaded ferritin, but this process may also contribute to carcinogenesis in specific cells.
JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chien-Chin Yang, Shu-Min Tseng, Carton W. Chen
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chien-Chin Yang, Shu-Min Tseng, Hung-Yin Pan, Chih-Hung Huang, Carton W. Chen
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2017)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hung-Yin Pan, Carton W. Chen, Chih-Hung Huang
JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
T. Lee, C. W. Chen, S. Tala, T. L. Su
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2012)
Article
Microbiology
Yuh-ru Lin, Mi-Young Hahn, Jung-Hye Roe, Tzu-Wen Huang, Hsiu-Hui Tsai, Yung-Feng Lin, Tsung-Sheng Su, Yu-Jiun Chan, Carton W. Chen
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2009)
Article
Microbiology
E. M. Widenbrant, Hsiu-Hui Tsai, Carton W. Chen, C. M. Kao
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2008)
Article
Microbiology
Chin-Chen Hsu, Carton W. Chen
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Microbiology
Hsuan-Hsuan Lee, Chin-Chen Hsu, Yen-Ling Lin, Carton W. Chen
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsiu-Hui Tsai, Chih-Hung Huang, Alan M. Lin, Carton W. Chen
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2008)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsiu-Hui Tsai, Chih-Hung Huang, Ingrid Tessmer, Dorothy A. Erie, Carton W. Chen
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2011)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsiu-Hui Tsai, Hung-Wei Shu, Chien-Chin Yang, Carton W. Chen
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2012)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzu-Wen Huang, Chin-Chen Hsu, Han-Yu Yang, Carton W. Chen
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chien-Chin Yang, We-Chi Sun, Wan-Yu Wang, Chi-Hung Huang, Fang-Shy Lu, Shu-Min Tseng, Carton W. Chen
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ting-wen Chen, Carton W. Chen
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GENETICS
(2020)