Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siyuan Liu, Nirmala Akula, Paul K. Reardon, Jill Russ, Erin Torres, Liv S. Clasen, Jonathan Blumenthal, Francois Lalonde, Francis J. McMahon, Francis Szele, Christine M. Disteche, M. Zameel Cader, Armin Raznahan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of X, Y, and 21 aneuploidies on gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines, fibroblasts, and iPSC-derived neuronal cells. It confirms theoretical models of sex chromosome dosages sensitivity and identifies a set of 41 genes that show obligate dosage sensitivity. The study finds that cis effects of sex chromosome dosages are preserved in different cell types, while trans effects are mostly not preserved.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Mitsuru Mizuno, Nobutake Ozeki, Ichiro Sekiya
Summary: Cell therapy is a promising alternative treatment option for osteoarthritis, but the safety of using expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for transplantation needs further assessment. Karyotypic abnormalities, including chromosomal mutations, may occur during the cell-expansion process. The suitability of cells with these abnormalities for cell therapy has not been evaluated.
REGENERATIVE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jing Wang, Zixi Chen, Fei He, Trevor Lee, Wenjie Cai, Wanhua Chen, Nan Miao, Zhiwei Zeng, Ghulam Hussain, Qingwei Yang, Qiwei Guo, Tao Sun
Summary: This study reveals the complexity of gene expression in Trisomy 18 syndrome through single-cell transcriptomics analysis. It identifies key gene expression regions associated with Trisomy 18 phenotypes and provides genetic explanations for the diverse phenotypes in Trisomy 18 patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Francesca Antonaros, Rossella Zenatelli, Giulia Guerri, Matteo Bertelli, Chiara Locatelli, Beatrice Vione, Francesca Catapano, Alice Gori, Lorenza Vitale, Maria Chiara Pelleri, Giuseppe Ramacieri, Guido Cocchi, Pierluigi Strippoli, Maria Caracausi, Allison Piovesan
Summary: The study analyzed gene expression profiles of T21 and normal control blood cells, finding that the most over-expressed genes encode interferon-induced proteins and genes involved in mitochondrial translation and energy production were also altered.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Wen Shi, Pengfei Dong, Mitchell A. Kuss, Linxia Gu, Forrest Kievit, Hyung Joon Kim, Bin Duan
Summary: A new in vitro mild TBI modeling system using 3D cultured human iPSC-NPCs is reported. The experimental results reveal reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation in neurospheres after repetitive mild impacts, providing a promising platform for future drug screening.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Julianna Lilienberg, Agota Apati, Janos M. Rethelyi, Laszlo Homolya
Summary: The study reveals that microglial cells have different effects on the proliferation and neurite outgrowth of neural progenitor cells and hippocampal neurons. Proinflammatory stimulated microglia promote both proliferation and neurite generation, while anti-inflammatory stimulated microglia enhance neurite outgrowth.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marius Schwabenland, Henrike Salie, Jovan Tanevski, Saskia Killmer, Marilyn Salvat Lago, Alexandra Emilia Schlaak, Lena Mayer, Jakob Matschke, Klaus Puschel, Antonia Fitzek, Benjamin Ondruschka, Henrik E. Mei, Tobias Boettler, Christoph Neumann-Haefelin, Maike Hofmann, Angele Breithaupt, Nafiye Genc, Christine Stadelmann, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Peter Bronsert, Klaus-Peter Knobeloch, Thomas Blank, Robert Thimme, Markus Glatzel, Marco Prinz, Bertram Bengsch
Summary: The study found profound neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients, with activation of innate and adaptive immune cells. These pathological changes are associated with systemic inflammation and disturbed hemostasis, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies.
Article
Neurosciences
Himali Arora, Bharat Prajapati, Pankaj Seth
Summary: Zika virus infection during early pregnancy leads to Congenital Zika Syndrome, affecting fetal brain development and causing microcephaly. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of cellular changes in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) caused by ZIKV E-protein. The findings suggest that ZIKV E-protein causes cell cycle arrest, decreased proliferation, prolonged mitotic length in hNPCs, disrupts their migrational properties, and increases inflammation.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tong Zheng, Donna F. Bielinski, Derek R. Fisher, Jianyi Zhang, Barbara Shukitt-Hale
Summary: Blueberry extract has a positive effect on the viability and proliferation rates of adult hippocampal progenitor cells, potentially reversing decreases caused by dopamine, possibly due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and calcium-buffering properties.
Article
Surgery
Maxim Geeroms, Satoshi Fujimura, Emiko Aiba, Doruk Orgun, Kayo Arita, Rie Kitamura, Daiki Senda, Hiroshi Mizuno, Moustapha Hamdi, Rica Tanaka
Summary: Human mononuclear cells cultured with the quality and quantity method (MNC-QQ) show enhanced vasculogenic potential compared to PBMNC and stromal vascular fraction, leading to improved vascularization and survival of fat grafts.
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Verdile, Veronica Riccioni, Marika Guerra, Gabriele Ferrante, Claudio Sette, Cristiana Valle, Alberto Ferri, Maria Paola Paronetto
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons, leading to paralysis and death. Dysregulation of synaptic structure and function has been identified as a pathogenic feature of ALS. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) is associated with synapse formation and functional specification and exploring its link with ALS could lead to new therapeutic opportunities.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elisa Guma, Antoine Beauchamp, Siyuan Liu, Elizabeth Levitis, Liv S. Clasen, Erin Torres, Jonathan Blumenthal, Francois Lalonde, Lily R. Qiu, Haley Hrncir, Allan MacKenzie-Graham, Xia Yang, Arthur P. Arnold, Jason P. Lerch, Armin Raznahan
Summary: All eutherian mammals exhibit chromosomal sex determination, with contrasting sex chromosome dosages (SCDs) in males (XY) and females (XX). Although direct effects of SCD on regional brain anatomy have been observed in transgenic mice and humans with sex chromosome trisomy (SCT), the cross-species conservation of these effects remains to be tested. We developed a harmonized framework for comparative structural neuroimaging and applied it to study the effects of SCT on regional brain anatomy in both humans and mice. Our findings suggest limited conservation of SCT effects between species, but identify specific brain regions that show overlapping effects of SCT, highlighting targets for future research.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boyang An, Akari Ando, Hiroto Akuta, Fumihiro Morishita, Takuya Imamura
Summary: Research has shown that TMEM25 plays an important role in the growth and development of the cerebral cortex, with higher expression levels observed in human neural progenitors. Overexpression of TMEM25 promotes mouse neural progenitor cell proliferation, while knockdown of TMEM25 in human neural progenitors compromises their response to extracellular signals and inhibits cell cycle progression via Akt repression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Suva, Victoria Helga Arnold, Elisabet Astrid Wiedenmann, Roberto Jordan, Emanuel Galvagno, Marcela Martinez, Gabriel Damian Vichera
Summary: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a reproductive technique that produces cloned offspring with the same genetic material as the donor. This study reports the birth of a female foal generated by SCNT from a male nuclear donor. The female foal had a spontaneous loss of the Y chromosome, resulting in a 63,X chromosome set. The potential of equine sex reversal by SCNT holds significant implications for species preservation, breeding techniques, and sporting purposes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabrina Summer, Eva Rossmanith, Markus Pasztorek, Constantin Fiedler, Marion Groeger, Sabine Rauscher, Viktoria Weber, Michael B. Fischer
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells play a crucial role in supporting endothelial cells during tissue regeneration and new vessel formation. By co-culturing these cells in a specific microenvironment, complex vascular networks can be formed. Under dynamic flow conditions, mesenchymal stem cells can bind to damaged endothelial cells, potentially aiding in the healing process.