Article
Mathematics, Applied
Idriss Sekkak, Bouchra R. Nasri, Bruno N. Remillard, Jude Dzevela Kong, Mohamed El Fatini
Summary: This paper incorporates a high order diffusion term into a SIQR epidemic model and investigates the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution. It also finds a condition ensuring the extinction of the infectious disease. The paper explores the existence of a stationary distribution for the stochastic epidemic model as well. Numerical simulations are conducted to support the theoretical results and an example with COVID-19 data from Canada is used to estimate the transmission rate and reproduction number associated with the stochastic model, while constructing a model fitting the data.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nils Chr. Stenseth, Rudolf Schlatte, Xiaoli Liu, Roger Pielke, Ruiyun Li, Bin Chen, Ottar N. Bjornstad, Dimitri Kusnezov, George F. Gao, Christophe Fraser, Jason D. Whittington, Yuqi Bai, Ke Deng, Peng Gong, Dabo Guan, Yixiong Xiao, Bing Xu, Einar Broch Johnsen
Summary: In this study, international air travel passenger data was combined with an epidemiological model to explore the effectiveness of different policy measures in delaying the global spread of COVID-19. The results showed that reducing air travel had a greater impact on reducing global spread than immigration quarantine. Furthermore, the study proposed the use of a digital twin model as a tool for informing future pandemic decision-making.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Amine El Koufi, Abdelkrim Bennar, Noura Yousfi
Summary: In this paper, a stochastic epidemic model with double epidemics is studied, which includes white noise and telegraph noise modeled by Markovian switching. Sufficient conditions for disease extinction and persistence are established, and numerical simulations are presented to support the analytical results.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kenneth H. Mayer, LaRon Nelson, Lisa Hightow-Weidman, Matthew J. Mimiaga, Leandro Mena, Sari Reisner, Demetre Daskalakis, Steven A. Safren, Chris Beyrer, Patrick S. Sullivan
Summary: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA face ongoing high risk of HIV acquisition, with factors including role versatility, biological, individual, social, and structural elements affecting the epidemic. Racial and ethnic minority men may be further concentrated in high-prevalence networks due to assortative mixing and adverse life experiences. Young MSM have additional HIV risks due to impulse control issues and lack of familiarity with serostatus discussions, while digital technologies could be beneficial for prevention efforts. Older and transgender MSM also face unique challenges requiring tailored HIV prevention information and culturally responsive programmes. Training of healthcare providers in culturally competent care is essential for optimizing HIV care and prevention.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sebastian Anita, Malay Banerjee, Samiran Ghosh, Vitaly Volpert
Summary: The study examines the impact of population structure on epidemic progression, characterizing the basic reproduction number and the number of infected individuals in two groups based on the difference in disease transmission rate. Different vaccination strategies and the distribution of vaccinated individuals between groups determine the outcome of the vaccination campaign.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patou Masika Musumari, Teeranee Techasrivichien, Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai, Rhoda K. Wanyenze, Joseph K. B. Matovu, Hemant Poudyal, S. Pilar Suguimoto, Saman Zamani, Arunrat Tangmunkongvorakul, Masako Ono-Kihara, Masahiro Kihara
Summary: The study described the status of HIV burden, prevention, and treatment in Ugandan fishing communities. It revealed a significant lack of evidence in terms of what works in HIV prevention and ART adherence, highlighting the need for intervention studies to fill the current evidence gaps.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emeli J. Anderson, Kevin M. Weiss, Martina M. Morris, Travis H. Sanchez, Pragati Prasad, Samuel M. Jenness
Summary: This study used empirical data from San Francisco and Atlanta to estimate the generative parameters of the forward-reachable path (FRP) and compared them to the HIV/sexually transmitted infection epidemics in each city. Results showed that the overall mean and median FRP were higher in San Francisco than in Atlanta, with the youngest age group having the highest mean path in the casual partnership network despite having the lowest mean momentary degree and past-year partner counts. The FRP by age group revealed the additional utility of the measure beyond the temporal and cross-sectional network connectivity measures.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xiaoqi Zhao, Lingzhen Dong
Summary: In this paper, the dynamic behaviors of a stochastic HIV model with the effect of treatment are studied using Ito's formula. The global positivity of the solution with positive initial value is discussed, and the limiting behavior of the solution is considered. The sufficient condition for the extinction of AIDS is obtained, and the unique ergodic stationary distribution of the solution is proven using an appropriate Lyapunov function. The validity of the results is illustrated through numerical simulations.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Soufiane Bentout, Salih Djilali, Tarik Mohammed Touaoula, Anwar Zeb, Abdon Atangana
Summary: In this study, a double age dependence SIRS model is analyzed, focusing on the influence of the incubation period and the immunity period on the outbreak of contagious disease. The study examines the different behaviors generated by these periods in the dynamical system, with a particular emphasis on Hopf bifurcation and the global behavior of solutions using a suitable Lyapunov functional. Additionally, the duration of the incubation period is expected to have a significant impact on the basic reproduction number R-0, which can be considered as a control factor for the outbreak of the infectious disease. Numerical results are checked and represented graphically.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ana Luisa Lemos Bezerra, William Sorensen, Taymara Barbosa Rodrigues, Sara Melissa Lago Sousa, Marcia Simao Carneiro, Sandra Helena Isse Polaro, Aline Maria Pereira Cruz Ramos, Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, Elucir Gir, Renata Karina Reis, Elia Pinheiro Botelho
Summary: The effectiveness of Brazilian policies in combating HIV among women who have sex with women and women who have sex with men and women has been found to be relatively low, indicating the need for new policies specific to this population.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rohit Jain, Felix Ginot, Johannes Berner, Clemens Bechinger, Matthias Krueger
Summary: Micro-rheological experiments with a colloidal bead driven through a viscoelastic fluid reveal two distinct shear thinning regimes, with the second process exhibiting unique characteristics at small Weissenberg numbers. A simple model is able to capture the observed behavior and suggest the presence of two different length scales in the fluid. The analysis also indicates the existence of a mysterious length scale of a few micrometers.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Obiora Cornelius Collins, Kevin Jan Duffy
Summary: This article develops a deterministic model in the form of a non-linear system of differential equations to analyze the dynamics and control of Lassa fever in Nigeria. The model is tested and shown to fit the data reasonably well. Parameters representing different control measures are estimated through model fitting. Important epidemiological features such as the basic reproduction number (R-0) and equilibriums are determined and analyzed. Numerical simulations predict the future dynamics of Lassa fever and the effectiveness of control measures. Approved rodenticides, reducing person-to-person and rodent-to-person contacts are shown to be the most effective control measures.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anwarud Din, Tahir Khan, Yongjin Li, Hassan Tahir, Asaf Khan, Wajahat Ali Khan
Summary: In this study, a stochastic Markovian dynamics approach was used to model the transmission of dengue fever and the threshold of the disease. The basic stochastic reproduction number R-0(s) was calculated as a threshold for determining the extinction or persistence of the disease. Results showed that R-0(s) can determine the fate of the disease.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Amanda My Linh Quan, Cassandra Mah, Emanuel Krebs, Xiao Zang, Siyuan Chen, Keri Althoff, Wendy Armstrong, Czarina Navos Behrends, Julia C. Dombrowski, Eva Enns, Daniel J. Feaster, Kelly A. Gebo, William C. Goedel, Matthew Golden, Brandon D. L. Marshall, Shruti H. Mehta, Ankur Pandya, Bruce R. Schackman, Steffanie A. Strathdee, Patrick Sullivan, Hansel Tookes, Bohdan Nosyk
Summary: By implementing equity-focused HIV combination strategies that reduce disparities for Black and Hispanic or Latinx individuals, significant improvements in population health, cost reduction, and progress towards Ending the HIV Epidemic goals in the USA can be achieved.
Article
Mathematics
Yongxue Chen, Hui Zhang, Jingyu Wang, Cheng Li, Ning Yi, Yongxian Wen
Summary: In this study, an avian-human epidemic model with two strain viruses is established and analyzed. The results show that mixed infections intensify the epidemic and make the dynamics more complex and sensitive. Simulations suggest key control measures including developing identification technology, controlling contact between human and poultry, and controlling contagions in poultry.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kathleen Kahn, Mark A. Collinson, F. Xavier Gomez-Olive, Obed Mokoena, Rhian Twine, Paul Mee, Sulaimon A. Afolabi, Benjamin D. Clark, Chodziwadziwa W. Kabudula, Audrey Khosa, Simon Khoza, Mildred G. Shabangu, Bernard Silaule, Jeffrey B. Tibane, Ryan G. Wagner, Michel L. Garenne, Samuel J. Clark, Stephen M. Tollman
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
J. Guerra, M. Garenne, M. K. Mohamed, A. Fontanet
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2012)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andre Briend, Bernard Maire, Olivier Fontaine, Michel Garenne
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2012)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michel Garenne, Mark Myatt, Tanya Khara, Carmel Dolan, Andre Briend
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2019)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michel Garenne
Article
Anthropology
Michel Garenne
ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michel Garenne
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2020)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Susan Thurstans, Charles Opondo, Andrew Seal, Jonathan Wells, Tanya Khara, Carmel Dolan, Andre Briend, Mark Myatt, Michel Garenne, Rebecca Sear, Marko Kerac
Article
Demography
Michel Garenne, Susan Thurstans, Andre Briend, Carmel Dolan, Tanya Khara, Mark Myatt, Andrew Seal, Jonathan C. Wells
Summary: The study found that in sub-Saharan Africa, boys are more susceptible to undernutrition, and the sex ratios of prevalence varied with age and mortality rates. Comparisons with other anthropometric reference sets yielded slightly different results, with potential explanations discussed for these patterns.
JOURNAL OF BIOSOCIAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Michel Garenne
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPOTENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Demography
Michel Garenne
Summary: This study investigates the complex relationship between circumcision and HIV prevalence in Lesotho. The findings reveal that this relationship changed over time and was influenced by education. The multivariate analysis shows that circumcision has no net effect on HIV, but VMMC may have a small impact. Therefore, the study questions the resources and efforts devoted to VMMC in Lesotho.
JOURNAL OF BIOSOCIAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Demography
Michel Garenne
Summary: This study examines the statistical relationship between male circumcision and HIV prevalence in Africa. The analysis of data from PHIA surveys in six African countries reveals that there is no significant difference in HIV prevalence between circumcised and intact men at older ages. The study also questions the effectiveness of large-scale VMMC campaigns in controlling the HIV epidemic and raises ethical concerns.
JOURNAL OF BIOSOCIAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Demography
Michel Garenne
Summary: Analysis of data from demographic surveys conducted in Nigeria between 1982 and 2018 showed a marked decline in the mean age at menarche, influenced by factors such as height, BMI, education level, and household wealth. Urban residence had no effect on age at menarche, with socioeconomic gradients and anthropometric factors playing a significant role. Additionally, there were differences in age at menarche between northern and southern provinces.
JOURNAL OF BIOSOCIAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Demography
Michel Garenne, Alan Matthews
JOURNAL OF BIOSOCIAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michel L. Garenne
POPULATION HEALTH METRICS
(2011)