Article
Cell Biology
Guy Nadel, Zhong Yao, Ehud Wainstein, Izel Cohen, Ido Ben-Ami, Amir Schajnovitz, Galia Maik-Rachline, Zvi Naor, Benjamin A. Horwitz, Rony Seger
Summary: This study identifies the mechanism for the unique inactivation of AKT following the activation of GqPCRs. The main regulator of this process is the phosphatase PP2A, which operates with the non-canonical regulatory subunit IGBP1. The results demonstrate a stimulated shift of PP2Ac from PI3K to AKT, leading to the repression of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Debasmita Bhattacharya, Vicky Shah, Oreoluwa Oresajo, Anthony Scime
Summary: This study reveals that the transcriptional co-repressor p107 regulates myogenic progenitor proliferation through repression of mitochondrial transcription and ATP output, establishing a metabolic control mechanism for cell cycle rate in myogenic progenitors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
S. Zachary Swartz, Hieu T. Nguyen, Brennan C. McEwan, Mark E. Adamo, Iain M. Cheeseman, Arminja N. Kettenbach
Summary: Through a proteomic study of sea star oocytes, the researchers identified dynamic waves of phosphorylation during meiosis, with the activation of phosphatase PP2A-B55 at the MI/MII transition playing a crucial role in specific phosphoregulated behaviors and distinguishing the two meiotic divisions. The study highlights the importance of selective dephosphorylation and substrate preferences in directing key cell cycle events during meiosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jiaqi Jin, Jingya Liu, Yong Luo, Hong He, Xinyue Zheng, Chaoyang Zheng, Yi Huang, Yang Chen
Summary: The mechanism of fructose-induced dysfunctional vasodilation is unclear. This study found that high fructose reduces nitric oxide production and vasodilation, possibly by activating PP2A and decreasing eNOS phosphorylation.
NUTRITION & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hyunsoo Kim, Noriko Takegahara, Yongwon Choi
Summary: Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-mediated dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) plays a crucial role in Pcdh7-dependent activation of RhoA and osteoclast differentiation. Pcdh7-deficient cells show impaired PP2A activity, despite normal expression of PP2A. Inhibition of protein phosphatase and activation of PP2A can respectively decrease and rescue the dephosphorylation of GSK3β in Pcdh7(-/-) cells, affecting the activation of RhoA and osteoclast differentiation.
Article
Cell Biology
E. Alan Salter, Andrzej Wierzbicki, Richard E. Honkanen, Mark R. Swingle
Summary: PP2A is a heterotrimeric holoenzyme composed of a common scaffold, a common catalytic subunit, and variable regulatory subunits. The interaction between one of the regulatory subunits and the catalytic subunit plays a critical role in the enzyme's catalytic function.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Zev J. Greenberg, Luana Chiquetto Paracatu, Darlene A. Monlish, Qian Dong, Michael Rettig, Nate Roundy, Rofaida Gaballa, Weikai Li, Wei Yang, Cliff J. Luke, Laura G. Schuettpelz
Summary: This study reveals that tetraspanin CD53 plays a crucial role in regulating the return to quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in response to inflammatory and proliferative stimuli. CD53 promotes the activity of the DREAM transcriptional repressor complex, which downregulates genes associated with cycling and division. Loss of CD53 leads to prolonged cycling and reduced HSC function.
Article
Immunology
Xiao Ouyang, Yunzhi Ding, Li Yu, Feng Xin, Xiaowei Yang, Xingyong Liu, Songming Tong
Summary: The dysregulation of circular RNA circ_SPG11 has been observed in osteoarthritis cartilage and IL-1 beta-treated chondrocytes, with knockdown of circ_SPG11 showing potential in restoring cell proliferation and reducing cell apoptosis and ECM degradation. Circ_SPG11 interacts with miR-665 to negatively regulate its expression, and miR-665 inhibition can reverse the inhibitory effect on chondrocyte injury caused by circ_SPG11 knockdown, suggesting a potential mechanism for OA progression.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shenglin Jing, Shahnewaz Begum, Liu Yu, Md Abu Kawochar, Enshuang Wang, Ye Chen, Ji Zhao, Botao Song
Summary: In this study, a negative regulator of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, StJAZ1-like, was found to attenuate adventitious root formation in potato plants, leading to increased drought susceptibility. Overexpression of StJAZ1-like reduced root architecture and resulted in decreased relative leaf water content and increased oxidative stress under drought conditions. Transcriptome profiling analysis revealed that the expression levels of three small auxin upregulated RNA (SAUR) genes were upregulated in StJAZ1-like overexpressing plants, suggesting that StJAZ1-like modulates auxin responses.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Fumimasa Tomooka, Kosuke Kaji, Norihisa Nishimura, Takahiro Kubo, Satoshi Iwai, Akihiko Shibamoto, Junya Suzuki, Koh Kitagawa, Tadashi Namisaki, Takemi Akahane, Akira Mitoro, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: In this study, the effects of the combination of SFN and GEM on human iCCA cell growth were assessed. The results showed that SFN inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppressed angiogenesis and EMT in iCCA cells. Combination therapy with SFN and GEM had better therapeutic effects than single agent treatment.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Senlin Qin, Huijun Geng, Guoyan Wang, Lei Chen, Chao Xia, Junhu Yao, Zhangzhen Bai, Lu Deng
Summary: Suffruticosol C from peony seeds induces autophagy and cell cycle arrest, possibly regulating cancer cell viability by inhibiting mTORC1 signaling.
Article
Microbiology
Anuj Tripathi, Ujjal K. Singha, Ayorinde Cooley, Taneisha Gillyard, Evan Krystofiak, Siddharth Pratap, Jamaine Davis, Minu Chaudhuri
Summary: TbTim50 is essential for mitochondrial function, regulation of kDNA replication, and the cell cycle in the bloodstream form of T. brucei. Depletion of TbTim50 results in inhibited cell growth, changes in morphology, increased AMPK phosphorylation, and upregulation of stumpy marker genes. TbTim50 is a crucial therapeutic target for African trypanosomiasis.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhilin He, Jinming Lin, Dong Peng, Jieyu Zeng, Xiangmin Pan, Rui Zheng, Pan Li, Bing Du
Summary: This study found that peptides derived from Sacha inchi have an anti-hepatoma effect by inducing apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle in HepG2 cells. Nine novel peptides identified in Sacha inchi exhibited higher inhibitory rates on cell proliferation. These findings suggest the potential pharmacological effects of Sacha inchi peptides in liver cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yinjie Su, Bo Wang, Jian Huang, Ming Huang, Tianxin Lin
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate PTEN regulation and identify targets for relieving chemoresistance in bladder cancer. The expression of YTHDC1 was found to be associated with cisplatin sensitivity in patients with bladder cancer. Decreased YTHDC1 expression promotes cisplatin resistance, while overexpression of YTHDC1 enhances cisplatin sensitivity. Furthermore, reducing YTHDC1 expression activates DNA damage response, including faster cell cycle recovery, apoptosis evasion, and enhanced DNA repair capability.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Hee Kyoung Kang, Joo Mi Yi, Jin Won Hyun
Summary: This study revealed that hesperidin exhibits a protective effect on human HaCaT keratinocytes against PM2.5-induced cellular damage, cell cycle arrest, and cellular senescence. Hesperidin ameliorates PM2.5-induced mitochondrial damage, cell cycle arrest, and cellular senescence through the ROS/JNK pathway, and inhibits the activation of matrix metalloproteinases by suppressing activator protein 1 activation.