Review
Immunology
Xundong Wei, Jianhua Zhang, Xuyu Zhou
Summary: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-organ autoimmune disease involving the production of a wide range of autoantibodies and complement activation. T follicular regulatory cells (TFRs) play a role in maintaining the stability of self-reactive antibodies, but they can also become pathogenic cells with potent effector functions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongxi Zhao, Yi He, Wentao Yu, Wenxu Shang, Yanyi Ma, Peng Tan
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of ion concentration regulation in zinc electrodeposition and reveals its influence on the morphology of electrodeposition. By introducing relaxation process, the concentration distribution is homogenized, validating the essential role of concentration in regulating electrodeposition.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tomas Duraj, Josefa Carrion-Navarro, Thomas N. Seyfried, Noemi Garcia-Romero, Angel Ayuso-Sacido
Summary: Aberrant cancer metabolism, characterized by a preference for various metabolites including aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis, challenges the traditional static metabolic profile. Metabolic plasticity, often overlooked in therapeutic strategies, is crucial for understanding cancer bioenergetics. Standardization of metabolic readouts can provide a comprehensive metabolic picture in cancer research.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sho Kitamoto, Nobuhiko Kamada
Summary: This article provides an overview of the causal relationship between periodontal disease and intestinal inflammation, emphasizing the systemic interactions between the oral cavity and the gut. Research has shown that potentially harmful oral resident bacteria and immune cells can migrate to the gastrointestinal tract, thereby aggravating intestinal inflammation.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy Parrish, Marie Boudaud, Annette Kuehn, Markus Ollert, Mahesh S. Desai
Summary: The prevalence of food allergies is at epidemic levels, with the gut mucosal barrier being a site for allergic sensitization. Studying the connections between the mucus barrier, gut bacteria, and mucosal immune system is crucial for understanding mechanisms and developing prevention and treatment strategies for food allergy.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Laura Passaro, Francesco Matarazzo, Gianmarco Abbadessa, Antonio Pezone, Antonio Porcellini, Fausto Tranfa, Michele Rinaldi, Ciro Costagliola
Summary: Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that can cause vision loss and blindness. Recent research has found that glaucoma patients also have abnormal tau protein aggregation, suggesting similarities with other neurodegenerative disorders. Studies have shown that tau modifications play a crucial role in neuronal injury caused by ocular hypertension in glaucoma patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Yin, Jing Wang, Xinxin Zhang, Yan Liao, Wei Luo, Sha Wang, Jiawei Ding, Jie Huang, Mengling Chen, Wei Wang, Shencun Fang, Jie Chao
Summary: This study revealed a specific pattern of fibroblast proliferation and found that targeting anoikis resistance may inhibit the pathological process of pulmonary fibrosis. This provides a new approach for treating pulmonary fibrosis and offers new insights into the potential application of ZC3H4 in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for mitigating pulmonary fibrosis.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lam Nhat Nguyen, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
Summary: Viral infections can activate programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. The emerging concept of PANoptosis suggests extensive crosstalk between these PCD pathways. PANoptosis plays a significant role in regulating viral infection, but it can also have different effects on host defense and viral pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Jing-Peng Sa, Laure Guenee, Prodipta Pal, Josef Hamacek
Summary: A new small tripodal ligand L2 has been synthesized and used for lanthanide complexation, forming stable mononuclear complexes. The crystal structure of a C-3-symmetrical mononuclear complex with Eu-III exhibits a helical wrapping of binding strands around the cation, and similar complexes are formed along the Ln(III) series. Various techniques were used to characterize the complexes, indicating their moderate stability and ability to remain unchanged in large metal excess. Luminescence lifetimes confirm the complexation of trivalent lanthanide in a single well-protected coordination environment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy P. Alexander, Timothy Bedin, Karl B. Jackson, Sam Robertson
Summary: The study aimed to examine the relationship between team numerical advantage and match event outcomes in professional Australian football, and also analyzed how players occupy different field areas during match play. Results showed that an increased team numerical advantage led to a greater likelihood of gaining possession or generating a score, but more total players inside 50 were associated with a decrease in scoring probability. Teams were often outnumbered in their forward 50 but had a numerical advantage in the defensive 50.
Article
Law
Mariateresa Maggiolino, Laura Zoboli
Summary: Antitrust law views blockchains either as outputs or tools in industrial processes, but this does not fully capture their competitive impact. Understanding the information control of blockchains is crucial in assessing their competitive implications.
COMPUTER LAW & SECURITY REVIEW
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Katja Graumann
Summary: Researchers have used superresolution microscopy to reveal the composition of the plant nuclear lamina, confirming the presence of plant-specific nuclear proteins within it.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Chao Li, Jianwei Yu, Daoyong Liao, Xiaoling Su, Xinchao Yi, Xue Yang, Jun He
Summary: Annexin A2 is a Ca2+ regulated protein that belongs to the Annexin family and is present in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. It plays a crucial role in the life cycle of viruses and is involved in the adhesion, internalization, uncoating, transport, and release of viruses. Annexin A2 also mediates the adhesion of parasites, bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi, and other pathogens to host cells, leading to infection and damage. Targeting Annexin A2 has shown promising anti-infective effects and may serve as a therapeutic approach for various infectious diseases.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Marco Antonio Correa Varella
Summary: Human musicality exhibits the necessary hallmarks for biological adaptations, potentially solving various adaptive problems in ancestral environments. The expansion of nocturnal activities throughout human evolution is proposed as a key factor in the evolution of musicality, enhancing its development and functionality.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Arie van der Lee, Maurizio Polentarutti, Gilles H. Roche, Olivier J. Dautel, Guillaume Wantz, Frederic Castet, Luca Muccioli
Summary: Accurate structural models for rubrene were derived from synchrotron X-ray data in the temperature range of 100-300 K. The models revealed that the cofacially stacked tetracene backbone units of rubrene remain blocked with respect to each other upon cooling to 200 K and start to slip below that temperature. The blocked slippage occurs at approximately the same temperature as the hole mobility crossover. The study also found a negative correlation between the thermal expansion along the crystallographic b-axis and the widening of the angle between herringbone-stacked tetracene units, which causes the blocking between 200 and 300 K. DFT calculations further showed a discontinuity in the temperature variation of the electronic couplings associated with hole transport between the cofacially stacked tetracene backbones.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hoan Van Ngo, Stevens Robertin, Dominik Brokatzky, Magdalena K. Bielecka, Damian Lobato-Marquez, Vincenzo Torraca, Serge Mostowy
Summary: Apoptosis is a crucial mechanism that regulates cell death, and septins are important components that promote mitochondrial apoptosis and combat bacterial infection.
Article
Oncology
Gloria Esteso, Maria Jose Felgueres, Alvaro F. Garcia-Jimenez, Christina Reyburn-Vales, Alberto Benguria, Enrique Vazquez, Hugh T. Reyburn, Nacho Aguilo, Carlos Martin, Eugenia Puentes, Ingrid Murillo, Esteban Rodriguez, Mar Vales-Gomez
Summary: In this study, it was found that stimulation with iBCG can expand oligoclonal gamma delta T-cells and anti-tumor NK cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These cells exhibited cytotoxicity and can inhibit the growth of bladder cancer. The expansion of these cells in vitro may provide a new approach for cell-based immunotherapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Vincenzo Torraca, Magdalena K. Bielecka, Margarida C. Gomes, Dominik Brokatzky, Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich, Serge Mostowy
Summary: This study characterized null mutants for zebrafish Sept6 and Sept15 and found that they both play important roles in zebrafish development and host defence against Shigella infection. The mutation of Sept6 and Sept15 did not significantly affect the expression of other zebrafish septin genes.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Serge Mostowy, Aurelie Bertin, Helge Ewers
Article
Cell Biology
Arthu Lensen, Margarida C. Gomes, Ana Teresa Lopez-Jimenez, Serge Mostowy
Summary: Shigella, a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, is responsible for bacillary dysentery. The lack of a licensed vaccine and the emergence of antibiotic resistance have made Shigella a priority pathogen requiring urgent attention. In this study, a Shigella-zebrafish infection model and high-content microscopy were used to develop an automated microscopy workflow to study bacterial and neutrophil interactions in vivo. Antibiotics were found to reduce bacterial burden but not neutrophil recruitment, and nalidixic acid was shown to work with leukocytes to control Shigella infection and restrict its dissemination. The researchers propose that their automated microscopy workflow can be useful in innovating infection control treatments in humans.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Damian Lobato-Marquez, Jose Javier Conesa, Ana Teresa Lopez-Jimenez, Michael E. Divine, Jonathan N. Pruneda, Serge Mostowy
Summary: During Shigella invasion of host cells, it escapes to the cytosol and uses actin polymerization to spread between cells. Host cells employ cell-autonomous immune responses, including autophagy and septin cage entrapment, to restrict this spread. This study used cryo-SXT and other imaging techniques to investigate the interaction between septins, autophagy, and Shigella. The findings provide insights into the targeting of septin-caged Shigella for autophagy and the interaction between autophagy and the cytoskeleton.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sydney L. L. Miles, Vincenzo Torraca, Zoe A. A. Dyson, Ana Teresa Lopez-Jimenez, Ebenezer Foster-Nyarko, Damian Lobato-Marquez, Claire Jenkins, Kathryn E. E. Holt, Serge Mostowy
Summary: By analyzing the genetic sequences of ST99 E. coli, we found that there are two subsets of strains, one with a virulence plasmid pINV and one without. The results of zebrafish infection experiments show that the virulence of ST99 E. coli is temperature-dependent. Furthermore, it was discovered that ST99 strains may have been virulent before the acquisition of pINV, indicating the importance of pINV in the dissemination of ST99 E. coli.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yang W. Huan, Vincenzo Torraca, Russell Brown, Jidapha Fa-arun, Sydney L. Miles, Diego A. Oyarzun, Serge Mostowy, Baojun Wang
Summary: The discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 provides opportunities to selectively kill specific bacteria, but its delivery into bacterial cells is inefficient. In this study, the P1-derived phagemid is used to efficiently deliver the CRISPR-Cas9 chromosomal-targeting system into Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri, achieving DNA sequence-specific killing of targeted bacterial cells. The P1 phage particles can also deliver cas9 phagemids into S. flexneri in vivo, reducing bacterial load and promoting host survival. This study demonstrates the potential of combining P1 phage-based delivery with the CRISPR system for efficient clearance of bacterial infection.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vincenzo Torraca, Dominik Brokatzky, Sydney L. Miles, Charlotte E. Chong, P. Malaka De Silva, Stephen Baker, Claire Jenkins, Kathryn E. Holt, Kate S. Baker, Serge Mostowy
Summary: Shigella, including specific serotypes, can establish persistent infection in the zebrafish model. The O-antigen plays a crucial role in this process, and the serotype-associated effects observed in humans are also observed in zebrafish.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eduardo Moreo, Aitor Jarit-Cabanillas, Inaki Robles-Vera, Santiago Uranga, Claudia Guerrero, Ana Belen Gomez, Pablo Mata-Martinez, Luna Minute, Miguel Araujo-Voces, Maria Jose Felgueres, Gloria Esteso, Iratxe Uranga-Murillo, Maykel Arias, Julian Pardo, Carlos Martin, Mar Vales-Gomez, Carlos del Fresno, David Sancho, Nacho Aguilo
Summary: Intravenous administration of BCG shows potential in the treatment of lung tumors, reducing tumor growth and enhancing immune responses. It also enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wladimir Malaga, Delphine Payros, Eva Meunier, Wafa Frigui, Fadel Sayes, Alexandre Pawlik, Mickael Orgeur, Celine Berrone, Flavie Moreau, Serge Mazeres, Jesus Gonzalo-Asensio, David Rengel, Carlos Martin, Catherine Astarie-Dequeker, Lionel Mourey, Roland Brosch, Christophe Guilhot
Summary: In this study, the authors found that the sensor protein PhoPR in Mycobacterium canettii strains has amino acid substitutions that affect its activity compared to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These mutations impact the production and secretion of virulence factors, enhancing the capacity of the strains to colonize and transmit within the host. Therefore, these findings support the hypothesis that variants of the PhoPR regulatory system are key evolutionary adaptations for enhancing the epidemic capacity of tuberculosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Belen Cuevas-Lopez, Edgar Ignacio Romero-Ramirez, Fernando E. Garcia-Arroyo, Edilia Tapia, Juan Carlos Leon-Contreras, Alejandro Silva-Palacios, Francisco-Javier Roldan, Omar Noel Medina Campos, Luz Hernandez-Esquivel, Alvaro Marin-Hernandez, Jose Guillermo Gonzaga-Sanchez, Rogelio Hernandez-Pando, Jose Pedraza-Chaverri, Laura Gabriela Sanchez-Lozada, Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
Summary: The incidence of kidney disease is increasing globally, and acute kidney injury (AKI) can contribute to the development of cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) type 3. However, the mechanism behind CRS development is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with cardiac mitochondrial impairment and its role in CRS development. The findings suggest that mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment plays a crucial role in heart damage, and the preservation of heart mitochondrial function during AKI could be a valuable strategy to prevent CRS type 3.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica Flores-Flores, Samuel Estrada-Soto, Cesar Millan-Pacheco, Blanca Bazan-Perkins, Rogelio Hernandez-Pando, Maximiliano Ibarra-Barajas, Rafael Villalobos-Molina
Summary: Asthma is a condition where the airways become inflamed and narrowed, causing symptoms such as shortness of breath and wheezing. It was found that 6-aminoflavone (6-NH2F) can effectively relax the airways and has low toxicity in animal models, potentially through calcium channel blockade.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dulce Mata-Espinosa, Jacqueline V. Lara-Espinosa, Jorge Barrios-Payan, Rogelio Hernandez-Pando
Summary: This study reviews the model strategies for gene therapy and new vaccines in the treatment of tuberculosis, suggesting that it is a potential alternative therapy for active TB, as well as for the prevention and treatment of latent TB reactivation and transmission of Mtb.
Article
Hematology
Sammy El-Mansi, Christopher L. Robinson, Katja B. Kostelnik, Jessica J. McCormack, Tom P. Mitchell, Damian Lobato-Marquez, Vinothini Rajeeve, Pedro Cutillas, Daniel F. Cutler, Serge Mostowy, Thomas D. Nightingale
Summary: In response to tissue injury, the ultra-large glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) is released from endothelial storage organelles into the blood vasculature, leading to platelet recruitment. Endothelial cells have developed mechanisms, such as an actomyosin ring, to overcome the challenge of releasing VWF. Inhibiting the formation or function of these structures could be a potential therapeutic target for thrombotic diseases.
