Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jillian Johnson, Robert M. Jaggers, Sreejit Gopalkrishna, Albert Dahdah, Andrew J. Murphy, Nordin M. J. Hanssen, Prabhakara R. Nagareddy
Summary: Neutrophil behavior and function are altered by hyperglycemia associated with diabetes, leading to increased production of ROS and inflammation, which in turn increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The focus of treatment is shifting towards mitigating glucotoxicity and targeting cellular dysfunction downstream of hyperglycemia.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Israel Mazin, Fernando Chernomordik, Paul Fefer, Shlomi Matetzky, Roy Beigel
Summary: Over the past two decades, the number of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has doubled. Despite advancements in cardiovascular disease treatment, patients with diabetes are still at a higher risk of dying from cardiovascular causes compared to non-diabetic individuals. However, recent breakthroughs in anti-diabetic therapies have shown cardiovascular benefits and reduced mortality rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lihong Chen, Shiyi Sun, Yunyi Gao, Xingwu Ran
Summary: This meta-analysis reveals that patients with diabetic foot ulcers have a high overall mortality, with nearly 50% mortality within 5 years. Cardiovascular disease and infection are the leading causes of death.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Transplantation
Patrick B. Mark, Pantelis Sarafidis, Robert Ekart, Charles J. Ferro, Olga Balafa, Beatriz Fernandez-Fernandez, William G. Herrington, Patrick Rossignol, Lucia Del Vecchio, Jose M. Valdivielso, Francesca Mallamaci, Alberto Ortiz, Ionut Nistor, Mario Cozzolino
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects an estimated 850 million people worldwide and the leading causes are diabetes and hypertension. CKD can progress to end-stage kidney disease, requiring kidney replacement therapy. In addition, CKD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Previously, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were the mainstay of treatment, but they did not reduce cardiovascular events and mortality in CKD. However, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown cardiovascular and renal benefits in clinical trials, revolutionizing cardiorenal protection for patients with diabetes. Recent trials have demonstrated the benefits of SGLT2i in reducing heart failure and progression to kidney failure in patients with CKD and/or heart failure. Specialty societies' guidelines are adapting to support wider use of SGLT2i. The consensus paper from EURECA-m and ERBP summarizes the latest evidence and guidelines for using SGLT2i for cardiorenal protection in CKD patients.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Walid Khalid Sweaad, Francesca Maria Stefanizzi, Aranzazu Chamorro-Jorganes, Yvan Devaux, Costanza Emanueli
Summary: This review highlights the important role of m6A RNA methylation and its components in the cardiovascular system, emphasizing the need for further studies to better understand the mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic implications of this modification in cardiovascular disease.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Swapnil Jagtap, Prabhaker Mishra, Upendra Rathore, Darpan R. Thakare, Kritika Singh, Juhi Dixit, Tooba Qamar, Manas Ranjan Behera, Neeraj Jain, Manish Ora, Dharmendra Singh Bhadauria, Sanjay Gambhir, Sudeep Kumar, Vikas Agarwal, Durga Prasanna Misra
Summary: This study analyzed the risk, causes, and predictors of mortality in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). The results showed that patients with TAK had a higher risk of mortality compared to the general population, with cardiovascular disease being the leading cause of death. Earlier age at disease onset, higher disease activity, presence of serious infections or heart failure, and involvement of the coeliac trunk at baseline were associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuya Yoshida, Naoya Matsunaga, Takaharu Nakao, Kengo Hamamura, Hideaki Kondo, Tomomi Ide, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Akito Tsuruta, Masayuki Kurogi, Michio Nakaya, Hitoshi Kurose, Satoru Koyanagi, Shigehiro Ohdo
Summary: Dysfunction of the circadian clock is linked to cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Even in the presence of high blood pressure and elevated levels of angiotensin II, Clk/Clk mice with chronic kidney disease show reduced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. The monocytic expression of GPR68, induced by altered CLOCK activation, exacerbates heart inflammation and fibrosis under CKD conditions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuhai Zhao, Aileen Pogue, Peter N. Alexandrov, Leslie G. Butler, Wenhong Li, Vivian R. Jaber, Walter J. Lukiw
Summary: Aluminum possesses unique properties that can negatively affect the structure and stability of important biomolecules. Despite its widespread presence, it is well-tolerated by all plant and animal species. Aluminum is implicated in the development of neurological diseases by altering the conformation of proteins.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arjun Sinha, Deepak K. Gupta, Clyde W. Yancy, Sanjiv J. Shah, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Elizabeth M. McNally, Philip Greenland, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Sadiya S. Khan
Summary: The article highlights the need for targeted prevention of heart failure, emphasizing the importance of quantifying individual patient risks in devising optimal prevention strategies. It discusses the development of HF risk prediction tools and the role of biomarkers in personalized risk estimation, as well as explores the application of genomics-enhanced approaches for HF prevention.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christophe Dongmo Fokoua-Maxime, Eric Lontchi-Yimagou, Takeude Erwan Cheuffa-Karel, Tchana Loic Tchato-Yann, Simeon Pierre-Choukem
Summary: This study aims to estimate the global prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia among diabetic patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The research will investigate the epidemiological status of silent myocardial ischemia among patients by analyzing observational studies.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elad Shemesh, Parag Anilkumar Chevli, Tareq Islam, Charles A. German, James Otvos, Joseph Yeboah, Fatima Rodriguez, Christopher deFilippi, Joao A. C. Lima, Michael Blaha, Ambarish Pandey, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Michael D. Shapiro
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between ketone bodies (KB) and cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. The findings suggest that elevated endogenous KB in a healthy population is associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular disease and mortality, and KB could serve as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Matthew T. Mefford, Ran Liu, Katia Bruxvoort, Lei Qian, Jonathan M. Doris, Sandra Y. Koyama, Hung Fu Tseng, Kristi Reynolds
Summary: The study found that influenza vaccination in heart failure patients was associated with a lower risk of mortality and cardiovascular mortality during the influenza season, but a higher risk of hospitalization. There was no significant association between influenza vaccination and all-cause mortality during the non-influenza season.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ke Si, Chijing Wei, Lili Xu, Yue Zhou, Wenshan Lv, Bingzi Dong, Zhongchao Wang, Yajing Huang, Yangang Wang, Ying Chen
Summary: This review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms of hyperuricemia with heart failure (HF) and the use of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors as a promising therapeutic choice in patients with HF. Research suggests that the core pathogenesis of HF with hyperuricemia is the up-regulated XO activity and increased production of free oxygen radicals, leading to a cluster of cardiovascular effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
N. D. Aberg, M. Adiels, M. Lindgren, J. Nyberg, H. Georg Kuhn, J. Robertson, M. Schaufelberger, N. Sattar, M. Aberg, A. Rosengren
Summary: The study revealed a significant shift in early-onset cardiovascular disease events among young individuals over time, showing a transition from acute myocardial infarction and cardiovascular disease mortality to heart failure and stroke incidence. These trends were found to be moderately impacted by changes in baseline Body Mass Index and cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Agata Hanna Bryk-Wiazania, Anetta Undas
Summary: A prothrombotic state is a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus, characterized by increased platelet reactivity, endothelial dysfunction, hyperfibrinogenemia, and hypofibrinolysis. Various complex mechanisms contribute to impaired fibrinolysis in T2DM, with abnormal fibrin clot structure playing a pivotal role. Enhanced thrombin generation, proinflammation, neutrophil extracellular trap release, elevated complement C3, and posttranslational modifications of fibrinogen and plasminogen are among the factors influencing altered clot structure and impaired fibrinolysis in T2DM.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Asuka Eguchi, Adriana Fernanda G. S. Gonzalez, Sofia I. Torres-Bigio, Kassie Koleckar, Foster Birnbaum, Joe Z. Zhang, Vicky Y. Wang, Joseph C. Wu, Steven E. Artandi, Helen M. Blau
Summary: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe muscle wasting disease caused by the lack of dystrophin. Heart failure is the main cause of death in DMD patients. Previous studies have shown that telomere shortening is a characteristic of DMD cardiomyocytes. This study aims to investigate whether preventing telomere attrition is possible in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell differentiated cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and whether preventing telomere shortening affects cardiomyocyte function.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Nerea Jimenez-Tellez, Carlos D. Vera, Zehra Yildirim, Julio Vicente Guevara, Tina Zhang, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic cardiovascular disorder characterized by electrical conduction abnormalities, leading to arrhythmia, fainting, seizures, and an increased risk of sudden death. Researchers generated two human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from LQT patients carrying a mutation in SNTA1 gene. These iPSC lines showed normal properties and pluripotency markers, making them valuable for studying the pathological mechanisms of LQTS related to the SNTA1 variant.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ling Liu, Soochi Kim, Matthew T. Buckley, Jaime M. Reyes, Jengmin Kang, Lei Tian, Mingqiang Wang, Alexander Lieu, Michelle Mao, Cristina Rodriguez-Mateo, Heather D. Ishak, Mira Jeong, Joseph C. Wu, Margaret A. Goodell, Anne Brunet, Thomas A. Rando
Summary: Exercise can rejuvenate stem cells and improve tissue regeneration in aging animals. The cellular and molecular changes caused by exercise in various stem cell compartments have not been extensively studied. In this study, young and old mice were subjected to aerobic exercise and a comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic atlas of different stem cell types and their niche cells was generated. The study found that exercise ameliorated inflammatory pathways associated with old age and restored intercellular communication mediated by immune cells within these stem cell compartments. Exercise had a profound impact on the composition and transcriptomic landscape of circulating and tissue-resident immune cells.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mengcheng Shen, Chun Liu, Shane Rui Zhao, Amit Manhas, Laksshman Sundaram, Mohamed Ameen, Joseph C. Wu
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Huitong Shi, Trieu Nguyen, Quanyi Zhao, Paul Cheng, Disha Sharma, Hyun-Jung Kim, Juyong Brian Kim, Robert Wirka, Chad S. Weldy, Joao P. Monteiro, Thomas Quertermous
Summary: In this study, deep transcriptome sequencing of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs) revealed 4579 known and 13655 de novo long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). These lncRNAs were found to be enriched near CAD-related transcription factors, genetic loci, and gene regulators of SMC identity. Two novel lncRNAs, ZIPPOR and TNS1-AS2, were identified to exert their function in SMC phenotypic transition through the CAD gene ZEB2.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xuekun Wu, Francesca Vacante, Joseph C. Wu
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Analytical
David K. Mills, Gergana G. Nestorova
Article
Cell Biology
Ewa Bielczyk-Maczynska, Disha Sharma, Montgomery Blencowe, Peter Saliba Gustafsson, Michael J. Gloudemans, Xia Yang, Ivan Carcamo-Orive, Martin Wabitsch, Katrin J. Svensson, Chong Y. Park, Thomas Quertermous, Joshua W. Knowles, Jiehan Li
Summary: CROP-Seq, which combines CRISPR interference with single-cell RNA sequencing, was used to study adipogenesis and adipocyte biology. The technique successfully identified novel regulators of adipogenesis and provided insights into the function of preadipocytes and adipocytes associated with metabolic diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Syed Mukhtar Ahmed, Rabindra V. Shivnaraine, Joseph C. Wu
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Wenjuan Zhu, Wenqiang Liu, Rebecca Yu, Melanie Manning, Anitra Waran Romfh, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: This study has successfully generated two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from two patients with Down syndrome, providing valuable resources for research and testing therapeutic strategies for this disorder.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Mao Zhang, Ravichandra Venkateshappa, Audrey Li, Michael B. Fowler, Melinda L. Telli, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: Researchers generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from blood cells of breast cancer patients with germline ATM mutations. These patient-specific iPSC lines can differentiate into three germ layers and hold great potential for studying mechanisms and developing drug screening strategies for ATM-related cancer.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Mao Zhang, Wenqiang Liu, Audrey Li, Min H. Htet, Rebecca Yu, Melinda L. Telli, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: Germline pathogenic variants in the BRCA2 gene are strongly associated with increased risk of breast cancer. iPSC lines derived from breast cancer patients carrying specific BRCA2 variants demonstrate pluripotency and differentiation potential. These iPSC lines offer valuable resources for personalized pre-clinical research and provide new opportunities for investigating breast cancer mechanisms and targeted therapeutic approaches.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Bernardo Bonilauri, Hye Sook Shin, Min Htet, Christopher D. Yan, Ronald M., Karim Sallam, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: This study generated induced pluripotent stem cell lines from patients with Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis, allowing investigation of the pathological mechanisms related to the disease.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Gaoxian Chen, Lorena Orozco, Sophia Parmisano, James W. S. Jahng, Carlos D. Vera, Yan Zhuge, Joseph C. Wu, Detlef Obal
Summary: This study reports two iPSC lines generated from IPAH patients, which provide valuable research tools for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms of IPAH.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nadjet Belbachir, Yiyang Wu, Mengcheng Shen, Sophia L. Zhang, Joe Z. Zhang, Chun Liu, Bjorn C. Knollmann, Gholson J. Lyon, Ning Ma, Joseph C. Wu