Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qiaoyan Liu, Bo Li, Yikang Li, Yiran Wei, Bingyuan Huang, Jubo Liang, Zhengrui You, You Li, Qiwei Qian, Rui Wang, Jun Zhang, Ruiling Chen, Zhuwan Lyu, Yong Chen, Mingxia Shi, Xiao Xiao, Qixia Wang, Qi Miao, Jing-Yuan Fang, Merrill Eric Gershwin, Min Lian, Xiong Ma, Ruqi Tang
Summary: Comparative analysis of gut microbiome and metabolome in IgG4-SC and PSC patients revealed distinct host-microbe interactions that may contribute to disease pathogenesis, highlighting the uniqueness of IgG4-SC.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tej I. Mehta, Simcha Weissman, Brian M. Fung, John Sotiriadis, Keith D. Lindor, James H. Tabibian
Summary: Despite significant variations in global incidence of PSC, characteristics such as male predilection, bimodal distribution in age of diagnosis, and high concurrence of PSC-IBD remain consistent. Further studies are needed to better understand the geoepidemiology of PSC.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mercedes Martinez, Emily R. Perito, Pamela Valentino, Cara L. Mack, Madeleine Aumar, Annemarie Broderick, Laura G. Draijer, Eleonora D. T. Fagundes, Katryn N. Furuya, Nitika Gupta, Simon Horslen, Maureen M. Jonas, Binita M. Kamath, Nanda Kerkar, Kyung Mo Kim, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Bart G. P. Koot, Trevor J. Laborda, Christine K. Lee, Kathleen M. Loomes, Tamir Miloh, Douglas Mogul, Saeed Mohammed, Nadia Ovchinsky, Girish Rao, Amanda Ricciuto, Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, Kathleen B. Schwarz, Vratislav Smolka, Atsushi Tanaka, Mary E. M. Tessier, Venna L. Venkat, Bernadette E. Vitola, Marek Woynarowski, Melissa Zerofsky, Mark R. Deneau
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated risk factors for rPSC in 140 children and found that patients with rPSC were younger at LT, had faster progression from PSC diagnosis to LT, and had a higher prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease. rPSC subjects experienced more episodes of acute rejection, complications of portal hypertension, and higher mortality rates post-LT.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Areej Mazhar, Mark W. Russo
Summary: This systematic review analyzed 40 studies on prognostic tests for PSC, comprising a total of 16,094 subjects. Non-invasive tests were associated with transplant-free survival and reduced risk of hepatobiliary cancers, but the consistency of cut-off values for alkaline phosphatase varied among studies. The Mayo Risk Score (MRS) is the most studied prognostic model, although the UK-PSC score and PREsTo showed better test performance. Further studies are needed to compare these models.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jessica Katharine Dyson, Alasdair Blain, Mark David Foster Shirley, Mark Hudson, Steven Rushton, David Emrys Jeffreys Jones
Summary: This study investigates the potential environmental contributors to autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Significant spatial clustering of PBC and PSC patients was observed, with distinct risk profiles and associations with different environmental factors and socio-economic statuses identified. This suggests different triggers and alternative pathways determine the phenotypic expression of autoimmunity in the affected population.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brian J. Wentworth, Rachita Khot, Stephen H. Caldwell
Summary: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) poses challenges in diagnosis, management, and progression due to its heterogeneity. Updated practice guidance by major liver disease associations addresses some of these challenges, but fails to thoroughly discuss daily clinical dilemmas. This review aims to delve into controversial topics including the use of ursodeoxycholic acid, normalization of alkaline phosphatase, consideration of PSC variants and mimickers, and the implications of continuous hepatobiliary malignancy screening. Of particular concern is the potential long-term adverse effects of repeated exposure to gadolinium-containing contrast in PSC patients who undergo frequent magnetic resonance imaging scans.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji-Won Park, Jung-Hee Kim, Sung-Eun Kim, Jang Han Jung, Myoung-Kuk Jang, Sang-Hoon Park, Myung-Seok Lee, Hyoung-Su Kim, Ki Tae Suk, Dong Joon Kim
Summary: Cholangiopathies are various biliary diseases that affect the biliary epithelium and can lead to cholestasis and liver cirrhosis. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are the most important progressive cholangiopathies in adults, with research focusing on genetic risk, epigenetic changes, dysregulated mucosal immunity, and altered biliary epithelial cell function. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of these diseases can help clinicians prevent and treat them more effectively.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel E. Radford-Smith, Emmanuel A. Selvaraj, Rory Peters, Michael Orrell, Jonathan Bolon, Daniel C. Anthony, Michael Pavlides, Kate Lynch, Alessandra Geremia, Adam Bailey, Emma L. Culver, Fay Probert
Summary: Serum metabolomic profiling has the potential to accurately distinguish between PSC and IgG4-SC, improve the diagnosis of IgG4-RD, and differentiate IgG4-SC from PSC.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annarosa Floreani, Sara De Martin
Summary: PSC is a chronic cholestatic liver disease with no effective treatment currently available. There is controversy over the use of UDCA in PSC treatment. Novel pharmacological strategies targeting bile composition, immunomodulation, gut microbiome, and fibrosis are emerging, suggesting potential for personalized combination therapies for successful PSC treatment.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Angelo Di Giorgio, Diego Vergani, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani
Summary: Sclerosing cholangitis is a rare chronic disorder characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the bile ducts. The most common form in children is associated with autoimmune features and inflammatory bowel disease. The disease can progress to biliary cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, potentially requiring liver transplantation.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xinhe Zhang, Xuyong Lin, Xuedan Li, Lin Guan, Yiling Li, Ningning Wang
Summary: This case report describes a patient with ulcerative colitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis, ultimately diagnosed with overlap syndrome. The accurate diagnosis of overlap syndrome requires multiple laboratory tests and pathological examinations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Damjana Bogatic, Robert Bryant, Kate D. Lynch, Samuel P. Costello
Summary: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive liver disease with poor prognosis and no effective therapies to prevent progression. This study evaluated potential medical therapies that may exert their effects in PSC by modulation of the gut-liver axis.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natassia Tan, John Lubel, William Kemp, Stuart Roberts, Ammar Majeed
Summary: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an orphan, cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammatory biliary strictures. The pathophysiology of PSC is poorly understood, but it is likely driven by immune dysregulation, gut dysbiosis, and environmental exposures. Currently, there is no proven medical therapy to alter disease progression in PSC, and liver transplantation is the only option for end-stage liver disease. Manipulation of the gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism show promise in phase II trials. Statins and aspirin may reduce the risk of malignancy in PSC patients. Balloon dilatation is safer and equally effective compared to biliary stent insertion for clinically relevant strictures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fuat H. Saner, Alexandra Frey, Bjoern-Ole Stueben, Dieter P. Hoyer, Katharina Willuweit, Martina Daniel, Jassin Rashidi-Alavieh, Jurgen W. Treckmann, Hartmut H. Schmidt
Summary: In this retrospective study of 82 patients who underwent liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), the authors assessed morbidity, survival rates, PSC recurrence, and the impact of donor characteristics in long-term follow-up. The study showed that PSC patients had excellent 10-year survival rates and a lower lab-MELD score was associated with longer survival. Donor characteristics did not affect patient survival.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Daniel R. Ludwig, Mark A. Anderson, Malak Itani, Kedar G. Sharbidre, Neeraj Lalwani, Raj M. Paspulati
Summary: This article reviews the clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and imaging findings of primary and secondary sclerosing cholangitis. It also discusses various etiologies of secondary sclerosing cholangitis, highlighting the unique imaging findings and clinical context of each diagnosis.
ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Natalia Krawczyk, Rowena Roewer, Martin Anlauf, Caja Muntanjohl, Stephan Ernst Baldus, Monika Neumann, Maggie Banys-Paluchowski, Sabine Otten, Katharina Luczak, Eugen Ruckhaeberle, Svjetlana Mohrmann, Jurgen Hoffmann, Thomas Kaleta, Bernadette Jaeger, Irene Esposito, Tanja Fehm
Summary: Breast cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation is a rare subtype of breast malignancy, with a prevalence of 4.5% in this study. Most cases are HR-positive/HER2-negative and are diagnosed at a higher TNM stage compared to conventional invasive breast carcinoma. The prognosis of patients with this subtype is often impaired, but somatostatin receptor-based imaging and therapy may offer treatment options in selected cases.
GEBURTSHILFE UND FRAUENHEILKUNDE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Christian Vay, Philipp M. Schlunder, Levent Dizdar, Irene Esposito, Markus P. H. Ghadimi, Wolfram T. Knoefel, Andreas Krieg
Summary: The study demonstrated abundant expression of survivin in LPS, particularly in less-differentiated tumor subtypes. In vitro experiments showed that YM155, a survivin inhibitor, significantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in dedifferentiated LPS (DDLPS) and pleomorphic LPS (PLS) cells. Additionally, combined treatment with doxorubicin or etoposide and YM155 enhanced cytotoxic effects on DDLPS and PLS cells.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Niels Michael Doerr, Ingmar Kaden, Joerg Kleeff
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yoshiaki Sunami, Johanna Haeussler, Anais Zourelidis, Joerg Kleeff
Summary: Cancer-associated fibroblasts play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment, communicating with tumor cells through paracrine and exosome-mediated signaling to regulate cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sven-Thorsten Liffers, Laura Godfrey, Lisa Frohn, Lena Haeberle, Aslihan Yavas, Rita Vesce, Wolfgang Goering, Friederike Opitz, Nickolas Stoecklein, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Anna Melissa Schlitter, Guenter Kloeppel, Elisa Espinet, Andreas Trumpp, Jens T. Siveke, Irene Esposito
Summary: This study provides a comparative morphogenetic analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) precursors, revealing the heterogeneity of gastric and intestinal phenotypes at the molecular level, possibly related to different cell identity and etiology.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kalliopi Pafili, Sabine Kahl, Lucia Mastrototaro, Klaus Strassburger, Dominik Pesta, Christian Herder, Jennifer Putzer, Bedair Dewidar, Mona Hendlinger, Cesare Granata, Nina Saatmann, Aslihan Yavas, Sofiya Gancheva, Geronimo Heilmann, Irene Esposito, Matthias Schlensak, Michael Roden
Summary: Impaired mitochondrial function is a common feature of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and steatohepatitis. Dysfunction specifically in visceral adipose tissue is associated with fatty liver disease.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Klingebiel, C. Arsov, T. Ullrich, M. Quentin, R. Al-Monajjed, D. Mally, L. M. Sawicki, A. Hiester, I Esposito, P. Albers, G. Antoch, L. Schimmoeller
Summary: This data article retrospectively analyzed the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound-guided biopsy in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer based on a sample collective of 785 patients.
News Item
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Irene Esposito, Cem Simsek, Andrea Nowak, Dina Tiniakos
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Artur Rebelo, Jumber Partsakhashvili, Ulrich Ronellenfitsch, Endres John, Joerg Kleeff, Joerg Ukkat
Summary: This study analyzed the outcome of emergency thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in the treatment of primary and secondary aortic pathologies. The results showed that in-hospital mortality and morbidity were still considerable after emergency TEVAR. Pre- and postoperative levels of hemoglobin, creatinine, and lactate may be valuable in predicting patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fabian Klingler, Hany Ashmawy, Lena Haeberle, Irene Esposito, Lars Schimmoeller, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Andreas Krieg
Summary: Sarcoma inside the peritoneal cavity is rare and consists of various subtypes with different characteristics. Due to the lack of strong data, this study aims to share experiences of peritoneal sarcomatosis cases to increase knowledge about treatment options and outcomes.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yoshiaki Sunami, Ulrich Ronellenfitsch, Jorg Kleeff, Artur Rebelo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of FAP expression on survival and clinical characteristics in gastrointestinal tumors. A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to compare patients with and without FAP overexpression in terms of postoperative survival, histological differentiation, tumor invasion, lymph node metastases, and distant metastases. The expected results will provide new evidence on the prognostic value of FAP in gastrointestinal tumors.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Enrico Genco, Francesco Modena, Lucia Sarcina, Kim Bjorkstrom, Celestino Brunetti, Mario Caironi, Mariapia Caputo, Virginia Maria Demartis, Cinzia Di Franco, Giulia Frusconi, Lena Haeberle, Piero Larizza, Maria Teresa Mancini, Ronald Osterbacka, William Reeves, Gaetano Scamarcio, Cecilia Scandurra, May Wheeler, Eugenio Cantatore, Irene Esposito, Eleonora Macchia, Fabrizio Torricelli, Fabrizio Antonio Viola, Luisa Torsi
Summary: A portable bioelectronic sensing-array was developed for the screening of pancreatic cancer precursors. By simultaneously assessing nucleic acids and proteins, the diagnostic accuracy was enhanced. The array showed high sensitivity and specificity, with results obtained within 1.5 hours.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Atsuko Kasajima, Nicole Pfarr, Alexander von Werder, Kristina Schwamborn, Juergen Gschwend, Nasir Ud Din, Irene Esposito, Wilko Weichert, Marianne Pavel, Abbas Agaimy, Guenter Kloeppel
Summary: renal neuroendocrine tumors (RenNETs) are rare malignancies with unknown biology, hormone expression, and genetic abnormalities. This study found that CS-RenNETs have solid eosinophilic histology and express ACTH, while non-functioning RenNETs have trabecular histology and variably express somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon, and serotonin. ISL1 and SATB2 transcription factors are expressed in non-functioning RenNETs but not in CS-RenNETs. Large tumor size and metastasis are associated with shorter survival. MEN1/DAXX/ARTX abnormalities and fusion genes are not detected in RenNETs, indicating a distinct unknown molecular pathogenesis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nora A. Bahlmann, Lena Mautner, Mona Hoyos, Erwan Sallard, Carola Berger, Alexandra Dangel, Franziska Joensson, Johannes C. Fischer, Florian Kreppel, Wenli Zhang, Irene Esposito, Edwin Boelke, Armin Baiker, Anja Ehrhardt
Summary: We conducted an in vitro time course experiment using human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) infected with different variants of SARS-CoV-2. Our results showed that infected cells with VOCs had an increased expression of HLA-A on bystander cells, suggesting a potential evasion strategy of the virus.
Review
Oncology
Artur Rebelo, Joerg Kleeff, Yoshiaki Sunami
Summary: This review provides an in-depth understanding of metabolic reprogramming and the mevalonate pathway in pancreatic cancer. It emphasizes the role of cholesterol metabolism in cancer progression and explores potential therapeutic approaches targeting these processes. The review also highlights promising pharmaceutical candidates for pancreatic cancer therapy.