Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Buyun Kim, Young Soo Kim, Youn-Hwan Hwang, Hye Jin Yang, Wei Li, Eun-Bin Kwon, Tae In Kim, Younghoon Go, Jang-Gi Choi
Summary: This study demonstrates that Quercus acuta has antiviral effects against HSV-1 infection, with its main components including chlorogenic acid and isoquercitrin. Through inhibition of ROS expression and NF-kB activity, as well as promotion of IRF3 phosphorylation activity, QA can effectively prevent the replication and spread of HSV-1 virus.
Article
Microbiology
Chenyao Wang, Nikhil Sharma, Manoj Veleeparambil, Patricia M. Kessler, Belinda Willard, Ganes C. Sen
Summary: The nature and intensity of the innate immune response to virus infection are critical for the course of pathogenesis in the host. STING, an endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein, plays a key role in triggering responses to microbial or cellular cytoplasmic DNA. Phosphorylation of Tyr240 of STING by the tyrosine kinase Syk is essential for all signaling activities of STING, and its signaling is necessary for interferon induction.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shu Zhang, Nadine Uebelmesser, Mariano Barbieri, Argyris Papantonis
Summary: High-resolution Micro-C is used to study the effect of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) loss on chromosome looping. The formation of enhancer-promoter loops depends on RNAPII binding to their anchors. RNAPII plays a role in transcription as well as in setting up regulatory three-dimensional chromatin contacts, including cohesin loop extrusion.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fengchao Lang, Xin Li, Olga Vladimirova, Benxia Hu, Guijun Chen, Yu Xiao, Vikrant Singh, Danfeng Lu, Lihong Li, Hongbo Han, J. M. A. S. P. Wickramasinghe, Sheryl T. Smith, Chunfu Zheng, Qihan Li, Paul M. Lieberman, Nigel W. Fraser, Jumin Zhou
Summary: The paper has been amended and can be accessed through a link at the top.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Tristan R. Grams, Terri G. Edwards, David C. Bloom
Summary: Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) utilizes a long noncoding RNA called the latency-associated transcript (LAT) to silence the virus in neurons. This study demonstrates that LAT binds both the cellular transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43) and HSV-1 genomes in human neurons, resulting in the localization of the viral genomes to the nuclear periphery and repression of viral transcription. Additionally, TMEM43 appears to play a similar role in regulating cellular genes.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xiyuan Yang, Ze Xiang, Zeyu Sun, Feiyang Ji, Keyi Ren, Dongli Pan
Summary: The study reveals that MOV10 is induced during HSV-1 infection to restrict viral replication by promoting type I interferon production through an IKK epsilon-mediated RNA sensing pathway. It is also discovered that the viral protein ICP27 can interact with MOV10 and antagonize its antiviral activity.
Article
Virology
Xin Li, Yafen Yu, Fengchao Lang, Guijun Chen, Erlin Wang, Lihong Li, Zhuoran Li, Liping Yang, Xia Cao, Nigel W. Fraser, Jumin Zhou
Summary: The study found that cohesin subunits SMC1 and Rad21 are recruited to the lytic HSV-1 replication compartment, and knocking down these components leads to decreased viral transcription, protein expression, and maturation of replication compartments. Additionally, the knockdown reduces the overall occupancy level of RNA Pol II but increases its ser5 phosphorylation binding on viral genes, along with an increase in H3K27me3 modification on these genes.
Article
Virology
Pankaj Singh, Donna M. Neumann
Summary: This study reveals that CTCF insulators in HSV-1 genomes are differentially enriched in the cohesin subunit Rad21, suggesting that CTCF-cohesin interactions are establishing and anchoring chromatin loop structures to control viral transcription.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lee-Ann Van de Velde, E. Kaitlynn Allen, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Taylor L. Wilson, Clifford S. Guy, Marion Russier, Leonie Zeitler, Armita Bahrami, David Finkelstein, Stephane Pelletier, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Paul G. Thomas, Peter J. Murray
Summary: This study investigated the role of immune cells in tumor formation using a neuroblastoma model, and found that CD4(+) T cells and macrophages play significant roles in the process of tumor formation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Rivas, James A. Goodrich, Jennifer F. Kugel
Summary: The study revealed that HSV-1 infection affects host cell gene expression by regulating the activity of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) through the viral protein ICP4. ICP4 can modulate the recruitment and release of Pol II, leading to repression or activation of host gene transcription.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Albebson L. Lim, Philip Moos, Christopher D. Pond, Erica C. Larson, Laura J. Martins, Matthew A. Szaniawski, Vicente Planelles, Louis R. Barrows
Summary: HIV-1 cDNA pre-integration complexes can persist and remain transcriptionally active in macrophages for weeks. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals distinct transcriptome patterns between cells harboring pre-integration complexes and integrated provirus cells. In addition, the presence of HIV-1 alters the transcriptome of uninfected bystander cells, differentiating them from true control cells.
Article
Biology
William D. Stuart, Iris M. Fink-Baldauf, Koichi Tomoshige, Minzhe Guo, Yutaka Maeda
Summary: NKX2-1, a transcription factor, plays a crucial role in lung pathophysiology, but its precise functional significance in non-proximal regions remains unclear. Stuart and Fink-Baldauf's study using CRISPRi method examines 19 NKX2-1 binding sites in genes relevant to breathing, immune defense, and tumorigenesis, revealing differential importance in gene expression regulation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiaqi Hou, Xueke Zheng, Ruifei Ren, Qipeng Shi, Huangzhuo Xiao, Zhenfei Chen, Mengxia Yue, Yequn Wu, Haoli Hou, Lijia Li
Summary: Lateral roots (LRs) are an important part of the root system in rice, which helps increase root surface area for efficient water and nutrient absorption. This study reveals that histone deacetylase 1 (OsHDAC1) plays a positive regulatory role in LR formation in rice. OsHDAC1 controls LR formation by deactivating OsGSK2 and preventing degradation of OsBZR1, which is a positive regulator of LR primordia formation. This finding provides insights into the molecular mechanism of LR formation in rice.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kennith Swafford, Baku Acharya, Ying-Zhi Xu, Thomas Raney, Mason McCrury, Debasmita Saha, Brendan Frett, Samantha Kendrick
Summary: The study identified a small molecule that can stabilize CARD11 G4 and inhibit the transcription of CARD11 in DLBCL cells. This molecule also represses the expression of other key oncogenes in DLBCL pathology.
Article
Virology
Frank Stubenrauch, Elke Straub, Katrin Klein, Daniela Kramer, Thomas Iftner, Margaret Wong, Richard B. S. Roden
Summary: The HPV-encoded E8<^>E2 protein acts as repressors of viral gene expression and genome replication and is necessary for tumor formation in vivo. This indicates that E8<^>E2 could be a potential target for antiviral therapy in vivo.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)