Review
Cell Biology
A. T. Duarte-Silva, L. G. R. Ximenes, M. Guimaraes-Souza, I. Domith, R. Paes-de-Carvalho
Summary: The communication and interaction between developing neurons and neurotransmitters play crucial roles in the regulation of signaling pathways during central nervous system development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Pooja Jadiya, Joanne F. Garbincius, John W. Elrod
Summary: The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration are still poorly understood, but recent studies have shown that mitochondrial and calcium dysregulation occur early in many NDDs, providing new insights into the pathogenesis. Defective mitochondrial metabolism may play a crucial role in the diverse etiologies of neuropathology.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitriy A. Grekhnev, Elena V. Kaznacheyeva, Vladimir A. Vigont
Summary: The development of cell reprogramming technologies has made significant contributions to the study of neurodegenerative diseases, allowing for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathologies and facilitating the identification of effective drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Mathematics, Applied
Arkady Pikovsky, Michael Rosenblum
Summary: Even after 50 years of research, the dynamics of oscillator populations remain a popular topic in nonlinear science. This Focus Issue brings together studies on various aspects including low-dimensional description, effects of noise and disorder on synchronization transition, control of synchrony, emergence of chimera states and chaotic regimes, stability of power grids, etc.
Review
Physiology
Charlotte Nugues, Nordine Helassa, Lee P. Haynes
Summary: Mitosis is a highly regulated process essential for normal growth, development, and tissue repair. Understanding its molecular mechanisms and its role in disease pathology is of significant intellectual value and clinical importance.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Tomasz Boczek, Joanna Mackiewicz, Marta Sobolczyk, Julia Wawrzyniak, Malwina Lisek, Bozena Ferenc, Feng Guo, Ludmila Zylinska
Summary: Schizophrenia is a common psychiatric illness characterized by psychosis episodes, with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) playing a critical role in its development and treatment. Dysfunctions in neurotransmitter-GPCRs signaling likely underly the complex symptoms of schizophrenia, offering potential for new avenues in drug development.
Editorial Material
Optics
Alan Petersen, Stefano Taccheo, Sergey Mirov, Johan Nilsson, Helen Pask, Clara Saraceno, Niklaus Wetter, Ruifen Wu
Summary: This review provides a summary of the international online conference "Advanced Solid State Lasers" held in October 2020, as well as 15 articles included in this joint issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express. These articles cover various aspects of solid state laser theory and experiment, showcasing the forefront of research and applications in the field of solid state lasers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenqian Zhang, Dali Fu, Zhihui Sun, Chuanfeng Ju, Cuicui Miao, Zhangqing Wang, Dixiang Xie, Liang Ma, Zhizhong Gong, Cun Wang
Summary: The study identified a tonoplast-associated calcium signaling cascade that regulates manganese homeostasis in plants, linking manganese toxicity, calcium signaling, and manganese transporters. The calcium-dependent protein kinases CPK4/5/6/11 were found to interact with the Mn and Fe transporter MTP8, with phosphorylation at the Ser31 and Ser32 residues crucial for MTP8 function. These findings provide new insights into manganese homeostasis mechanisms and potential targets for engineering heavy metal toxicity-tolerant plants.
Editorial Material
Mathematics, Applied
Jacques Belair, Fahima Nekka, John G. Milton
Summary: The concept of Dynamical Diseases explores the potential return to normal physiological conditions through adjusting control parameters, having been applied to various physiological systems such as the cardiac, hematological, and neurological. Its analogy with bifurcations in dynamical systems allows for mathematical modeling of clinical conditions and investigation of parameter changes to avoid pathological states. 25 years after the inaugural meeting on dynamical diseases, this Focus Issue offers reflection on the field's evolution in traditional areas and contemporary data-based methods.
Review
Microbiology
Eduardo Villalobo, Gabriel Gutierrez, Antonio Villalobo
Summary: Calcium is a universal second messenger that plays a key role in cellular signaling. Calmodulin is a small protein that binds calcium ions and controls many essential aspects of cell physiology. In Paramecium, calmodulin is involved in regulating cilia function and enzyme activity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alan Petersen, Stefano Taccheo, Sergey Mirov, Johan Nilsson, Helen Pask, Clara Saraceno, Niklaus Wetter, Ruifen Wu
Summary: This joint special issue features 15 articles from the international online conference "Advanced Solid State Lasers", covering various aspects of solid state laser theory and experiment, as well as materials research, design innovation, and applications.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaap G. Neels, Georges Leftheriotis, Giulia Chinetti
Summary: Atherosclerosis is caused by the accumulation of lipids in the vessel wall, with lipoproteins playing a central role. LDL, VLDL, and Lp(a) promote vascular calcification, while HDL reduces it. The protein components of lipoproteins, such as apoAI, apoB, and apoCIII, have different effects on vascular calcification. Understanding the mechanisms of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in vascular calcification is crucial for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Scott Gross, Robert Hooper, Dhanendra Tomar, Alexander P. Armstead, No'ad Shanas, Pranava Mallu, Hinal Joshi, Suravi Ray, Parkson Lee-Gau Chong, Igor Astsaturov, Jeffrey M. Farma, Kathy Q. Cai, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, John W. Elrod, M. Raza Zaidi, Jonathan Soboloff
Summary: The study reveals the critical role of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) suppression in melanoma metastasis. UV-induced cholesterol biosynthesis is crucial for the suppression of SOCE and subsequent metastasis. Functional analyses show that increased glucose uptake leads to metabolic shifts critical for melanoma metastasis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alessandro Rimessi, Veronica A. M. Vitto, Simone Patergnani, Paolo Pinton
Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder characterized by airway issues and lung damage. Calcium signaling plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of CF lung disease, with dysregulated calcium signals leading to impaired cell function and exacerbated inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biology
Elizabeth A. Ainsbury, Claudia Dalke, Mariateresa Mancuso, Munira Kadhim, Roy A. Quinlan, Tamara Azizova, Lawrence T. Dauer, Joseph R. Dynlacht, Rick Tanner, Nobuyuki Hamada
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the lens of the eye is more sensitive to radiation than previously believed, leading to a reduction in occupational lens dose limits in the European Union countries, Japan, and elsewhere. This Commentary introduces the work of the LDLensRad Consortium in advancing the understanding of the mechanisms of low dose radiation cataract.
RADIATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Michael J. Haydon, Olga Mielczarek, Alexander Frank, Angela Roman, Alex A. R. Webb
Article
Plant Sciences
Timothy J. Hearn, Maria C. Marti Ruiz, S. M. Abdul-Awal, Rinukshi Wimalasekera, Camilla R. Stanton, Michael J. Haydon, Frederica L. Theodoulou, Matthew A. Hannah, Alex A. R. Webb
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alex A. R. Webb, Motohide Seki, Akiko Satake, Camila Caldana
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maria Carmen Marti Ruiz, Hyun Ju Jung, Alex A. R. Webb
Article
Plant Sciences
Angela Roman, John F. Golz, Alex A. R. Webb, Ian A. Graham, Michael J. Haydon
Article
Plant Sciences
Lukas M. Mueller, Laurent Mombaerts, Artem Pankin, Seth J. Davis, Alex A. R. Webb, Jorge Goncalves, Maria von Korff
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federico Lopez-Hernandez, Theodora Tryfona, Annalisa Rizza, Xiaolan L. Yu, Matthew O. B. Harris, Alex A. R. Webb, Toshihisa Kotake, Paul Dupree
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gareth Steed, Dora Cano Ramirez, Matthew A. Hannah, Alex A. R. Webb
Summary: Human health relies on a plentiful supply of nutritious food derived from crop plants, which have evolved circadian clocks to modulate most plant physiology. Modifying circadian rhythms in crops shows promise for increasing production and reducing inputs.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Stacey L. Harmer, Christian Fankhauser, Alex A. R. Webb
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas M. Wittern, Jose M. Barrero, William D. Bovill, Klara L. Verbyla, Trijntje Hughes, Steve M. Swain, Gareth Steed, Alex A. R. Webb, Keith Gardner, Andy Greenland, John Jacobs, Claus Frohberg, Ralf-Christian Schmidt, Colin Cavanagh, Antje Rohde, Mark W. Davey, Matthew A. Hannah
Summary: In this study, two homoeologous QTLs for the number of spikelets per spike (SPS) in wheat were mapped and a candidate gene, WAPO1, was identified. The function of WAPO1 in determining SPS was validated through transgenic overexpression experiments. The results suggest that WAPO1 has the potential to be used for increasing yield in hexaploid wheat, but its expression level needs to be finely balanced to avoid detrimental phenotypes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lukas Wittern, Gareth Steed, Laura J. Taylor, Dora Cano Ramirez, Gabriela Pingarron-Cardenas, Keith Gardner, Andy Greenland, Matthew A. Hannah, Alex A. R. Webb
Summary: Plant breeders have indirectly selected for variation at circadian-associated loci in many major crops. In this study, the authors investigated the contribution of circadian clock-associated genes to heading date regulation in UK and European winter wheat. They identified candidate genes and confirmed a single-nucleotide polymorphism underlying one of the loci. They also demonstrated the role of these genes in the circadian oscillator and their separate function in cereal photoperiodic responses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ana Rita Borba, Ivan Reyna-Llorens, Patrick J. Dickinson, Gareth Steed, Paulo Gouveia, Alicja M. Gorska, Celia Gomes, Johannes Kromdijk, Alex A. R. Webb, Nelson J. M. Saibo, Julian M. Hibberd
Summary: Compared with ancestral C3 state, C-4 photosynthesis occurs at higher rates with improved water and nitrogen use efficiencies. Both C-3 and C-4 plants show highest rates of photosynthesis during midday. The study identifies transcriptional regulators and peaks in cell-specific C-4 gene expression coincident with maximum rates of photosynthesis in the maize leaf at midday.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shouming Wang, Gareth Steed, Alex A. R. Webb
Summary: The mechanisms of how circadian clocks adjust to daily rhythms are being revealed. Entrainment, the process of coordinating internal events with external environmental cycles, plays a crucial role in optimizing plant physiology and development. Understanding the genetic and physiological basis of circadian entrainment may provide opportunities for crop improvement.
Article
Plant Sciences
J. Romario F. de Melo, Annelie Gutsch, Thomas De Caluwe, Jean-Christophe Leloup, Didier Gonze, Christian Hermans, Alex A. R. Webb, Nathalie Verbruggen
Summary: Magnesium deficiency in young Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings increases the period and decreases the amplitude of circadian oscillations, showing that magnesium plays a crucial role in maintaining proper timekeeping in plants. Mathematical modeling suggests that magnesium affects global transcription/translation levels in the circadian clock, rather than a single component of the oscillator. Addition of a low dose of translation inhibitor further increases the circadian period under magnesium deficiency, which is rescued by providing sufficient magnesium, supporting the model's prediction.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chiara A. Airoldi, Timothy J. Hearn, Samuel F. Brockington, Alex A. R. Webb, Beverley J. Glover
